东胜煤预热改质配煤炼焦研究

简要介绍了高挥发分、不粘结性的东胜煤经预热改质后,含氧官能团被部分脱除,供氢能力提高,配煤焦炭的强度和高温反应性与捣固焦一样得到明显改善的实验结果。研究表明：在配煤中可多配入１０％￣１５％的改质东胜煤,而保证焦炭质量基本不变。     

预热改质东胜煤配煤炼焦与捣固炼焦对比研究

简要介绍了３种炼焦方式所得焦炭质量的比较。高挥发分、不粘结性的东胜煤经预热改质后,配煤焦炭的强度和高温反应性明显优于常规焦,达到或超过捣固焦。     

不粘结性煤配型煤炼焦的研究

选择石油改质沥青作炼焦煤的添加剂，分别以新日铁和住友配型煤焦工艺进行了不粘煤炼焦试验。结果表明，配入石油改质沥青能显著提高煤料的粘结性。     

改质沥青配煤炼焦技术探讨

山西焦化集团有限公司（以下简称山焦集团）建设有生产能力为30万t/a的焦油加工装置,生产沥青等17种产品。沥青具有灰分低、硫分低、黏结指数高的特点,有助于在配煤炼焦中降低焦炭灰分、硫分,提高焦炭强度。在焦煤价格与改质沥青价格相差无几时,配用改质沥青配煤,降低配煤成本是提高公司效益的重要途径。简述了沥青的选择,改质沥青配煤生产期间焦炭质量、煤气成分的情况,重点分析了改质沥青配煤在山焦集团的应用效果,认为该技术可在焦化行业推广应用。     

改质沥青配煤炼焦的研究与实践

根据沥青黏结性较好、灰分低的特点,利用40kg试验小焦炉进行沥青配煤炼焦试验,确定配煤方案和配入比例后进行大焦炉试验,最终成功应用于JN60焦炉进行连续生产。沥青配煤的应用,改善了焦炭质量,扩大了配煤的使用范围,降低了焦炭生产成本。     

配型煤炼焦试验

在２０ｋｇ和２００ｋｇ试验焦炉上进行了配型煤炼焦与常规配煤炼焦的对比试验。结果表明，对挥发分偏高而粘结性偏低的配煤，采用配型煤炼伙可以明显改善焦炭的强度。     

配型煤炼焦试验

通过配型煤炼焦的工业和工业试验表明，焦煤配入量降低１５～２０个百分点，气煤和气肥煤配入量增加５～１８个百分点，焦炭质量还在所改善。     

低阶烟煤制取型煤的成型机理研究

选用水玻璃、膨润土和赤泥三种无机黏结剂,分别以四种不同的掺入量和低阶烟煤粉煤混合制取型煤.对型煤样品进行抗压强度的测定表明,型煤抗压强度随黏结剂掺比增大而增大,其中以膨润土为黏结剂的型煤强度远高于以水玻璃和赤泥为黏结剂的型煤强度,进一步的型煤微观结构电镜分析也证实了以膨润土为黏结剂的型煤其黏结性能相对最好,电镜切片表明,膨润土以朵状凝胶体楔入煤粒孔隙中并在煤粒表面形成整体网状结构.由于低阶烟煤自身的性质,以其制取的型煤往往对成型压力比较敏感,实验表明型煤的冷强度随成型压力的增大先增大后减小,存在一个最优成型压力.     

高炉喷吹用烟煤配煤炼焦试验研究

为了扩大炼焦煤资源,优化配煤结构,结合烟煤配煤炼焦理论,通过高炉喷吹用烟煤的工业铁桶试验研究,分析了配加烟煤后配合煤的性能变化和所炼焦炭的质量。结果表明：适当增加1/3焦煤、减少气煤配比,烟煤配加质量分数控制在2%～3%,可以有效优化配煤结构,使配合煤的灰分、硫分及挥发分保持在稳定状态,改善焦炭的机械强度、热强度,提高焦炭的块度,同时还可以降低配煤成本,当烟煤配加质量分数为2%时,配煤成本可降低15.60元/t。     

配型煤炼焦工艺研究概况

配型煤炼焦是解决我国优质环保炼焦煤紧缺的有效途径。本文综述了配型煤炼焦技术的生产工艺及原理,给出了适合焦化厂技术改造的工艺流程。结合试验研究,考虑到焦炉的寿命和焦炭的质量,确定型煤配比的合理选择范围为15%～30%,并阐述了单种煤配型煤炼焦的效果。     

Moisture readsorption and low temperature oxidation characteristics of upgraded low rank coal

This study investigated the behavior of upgraded low rank coal produced by a coal-oil slurry dewatering process regarding moisture readsorption, low temperature oxidation, and spontaneous combustion. The upgraded low rank coal had higher heating values than raw coal. It also showed lower moisture readsorption than raw coal and had less susceptibility to low temperature oxidation and spontaneous combustion. This seemed to result from the coating of the asphalt on the surface of the coal, which covered fine pores and suppressed the active functional groups from reacting with moisture and oxygen in the air. The increasing upgrading pressure negatively affected the moisture readsorption, low temperature oxidation, and spontaneous combustion.     

Change of combustion characteristics of Indonesian low rank coal due to upgraded brown coal process

Upgraded brown coal (UBC) process has been developed to produce a dry upgraded coal which is comparable with a bituminous coal. Differential thermal and thermogravimetry analyses (DTA–TG) have been applied to study the combustion characteristics of some Indonesian raw and upgraded coals produced by the UBC process. DTA–TG profiles of the entire combustion process can be used to predict the combustion performance of the pulverized coal in industrial furnaces. By using three samples of Indonesian low rank coals coming from Taban, Berau and Samaranggau, East Kalimantan, which have been upgraded by the UBC process, the ignition temperature (Tig) of the upgraded coals increased. Whereas the temperature, at which the maximum combustion rate occurs (Tmax), is not so changed. The DTA combustion peaks, which reflect the specific energy of coals, and the upgraded coals are significantly increased compared to those of raw coals.     

Property of upgraded solid product from low rank coal by thermal reaction with solvent

The upgrading process for the production of clean solid fuel from subbituminous and brown coals is receiving current attention. We propose upgrading of low rank coal with solvent at 350–450 °C under 2 MPa of initial nitrogen atmosphere. Upgrading of German Fortuna brown coal (heating value: 25.4 MJ/kg, daf) at 440 °C in the presence of t-decalin gave 66 wt.% of solid products with heating value of 35.4 MJ/kg, daf. Gaseous product consisted of mainly carbon dioxide (80 wt.%) and methane. Therefore, cracking of carboxylic functional group took place effectively in this condition. Ignition temperature of the upgraded solid product, measured by thermogravimetry under airflow, increased to higher than 400 °C, while raw brown coal showed corresponding temperature of 290 °C. From the XRD patterns by X-ray diffractometry for the upgraded product, distribution of aromatic stacking layer number (N) shifted to larger N by upgrading with solvent. It is obvious that the effective carbonization occurs under these conditions. This suggests the possibility to produce value-added solid fuel or carbonaceous liquid and solid chemicals, from low rank coal, whose quality is comparable to the bituminous coal.     

相近煤化度炼焦煤的镜质组特性研究

通过密度法分离炼焦煤中煤岩显微组分,研究了相近煤化度炼焦煤的镜质组特性,并分析比较了它们的黏结性及其所炼焦炭的性质。研究表明,相近煤化度炼焦煤的镜质组,其挥发分、黏结性和容惰能力均存在差异,其中焦煤镜质组的容惰能力差别较大,相近煤化度镜质组所炼焦炭性质也存在明显差异,与原煤样所炼焦炭相比,镜质组所炼焦炭其焦炭光学组织指数变大,焦炭强度和粒焦反应性变小。     

石灰竖窑用型煤替代混煤的煅烧研究

节能石灰竖窑采用混煤作为煅烧燃料,针对其损失多、热损大、透气性差、产量低等情况,公司决定尝试使用型煤替代混煤作为燃料煅烧石灰,并取得了较好效果。     

影响炼焦煤煤泥型煤的抗压强度因素研究

依据炼焦煤煤泥的特性, 通过正交试验和单因素试验, 研究了影响煤泥成型煤抗压强度的因素, 认为惰性物添加量在一定范围内与型煤的抗压强度分别存在着某种线性关系, 选择Ｙｆ 作粘结剂可较好的提高型煤的冷强度, 并在此基础上作了深入的探讨。     

炼焦煤混煤特性对配煤炼焦的影响

针对炼焦煤混煤严重造成单种煤质量差异较大的问题,应用煤岩学观点从混煤的角度,探讨了混煤特性对配煤炼焦质量的影响。试验结果显示国内炼焦煤有2/3以上属于混煤,混煤是造成焦炭质量波动的主要原因。按国标以反射率方差S₀来表征混煤特性,其对炼焦煤的粘结性能有一定影响,对焦炭的冷热强度无明显的影响趋势。以微强粘比WQN作为混煤特性指标,对炼焦煤的粘结性影响较小,而对焦炭冷强度M40和焦炭热强度CSR有明显的影响趋势。     

低阶煤热解与低品位铁矿直接还原一体化研究

为了开发以低阶煤为还原剂的直接还原铁技术,采用低阶末煤分级热解生产热解煤气、焦油和半焦,利用热解煤气经升温后作为末煤热解和热半焦再次热解的热载体,热半焦再次热解得到的富CH4、H2和CO煤气作为低品位铁矿直接还原的还原剂,生产海绵铁。研究表明:低阶末煤热解耦合低品位铁矿直接还原技术与传统的基于天然气的气基直接还原技术相比,具有生产成本低、原料来源广的特点,非常符合我国富煤、富低品位铁、少气的资源状况。     

芳香族溶剂对低阶煤轻度加氢改质的影响

为考察溶剂供氢性对加氢改质的影响,以四氢萘与甲基萘为溶剂,对低阶煤进行轻度加氢,考察不同反应条件对转化率、气产率、氢耗及产物分布的影响。结果表明,温度对转化率及气产率的影响显著,在360~430℃,随着温度升高,转化率及气产率增加显著;在氢压低于4 MPa时,脱氢反应体现较为显著,体系中有大量萘生成,压力对转化率及气产率的影响不明显,低压条件下,四氢萘供氢起主导作用;气相氢并不直接参与煤的反应,而是与溶剂发生加氢反应,进而由溶剂向煤供氢;低阶煤轻度加氢改质是一个快速反应的过程,反应时间不宜过长,30~60 min为宜;对改质后产物进行分析,黏结指数G75,灰分0.3%,硫含量0.3%。     

低阶煤预处理技术的研究进展

简述了低阶煤的利用现状及热转换过程中存在的问题,总结了水热预处理、酸预处理、溶剂溶胀、热预处理、氧烷基化及加氢预处理等预处理技术对低阶煤的结构、热解反应性和焦油品质及收率的影响。提出了合适的预处理技术可以降低煤的液化条件,提高煤的热转换效率,改善焦油品质,实现低阶煤的清洁高效利用。