黄柏生地白术的FTIR鉴别研究

利用傅立叶变换红外光谱对黄柏、生地和白术的品质进行了快速鉴别．结果表明，不同质量的黄柏、生地和白术均有其各自的特征红外光谱．根据红外光谱的特征峰形和位置可以容易地鉴别中药材的品质．该方法具有快速准确、简便、不需对样品进行分离提取等优点．     

双指标等级序列模式识别法分析十全大补丸氯仿提取物红外指纹图谱

采用一种新型模式识别方法--双指标等级序列模式识别法,对不同厂家生产的中药复方十全大补丸样品氯仿提取物的红外指纹图谱进行了分析,以实现中药复方的准确鉴别及质量控制。该法同时具有无监督及有监督模式识别的优点,无须经验知识,通过确定每个样品双指标序列中的相似样品序列,同时进行聚类及分类分析。采用该法对3个不同厂家生产的22个中药复方中成药十全大补丸样品的氯仿提取物的红外指纹图谱进行鉴别研究,正确识别率达100％,而采用UPGMA系统聚类方法的正确识别率仅为72.7％。双指标等级序列模式识别法结合红外指纹图谱,无需任何先验知识即可实现中药复方的快速准确鉴别及质量评价。     

保山市野生白及和云南独蒜兰的红外光谱对比分析

为了探索保山市野生白及和云南独蒜兰在生药学上的不同,利用FT-IR光谱仪检测野生白及和云南独蒜兰样品,得到野生白及和云南独蒜兰的红外光谱和二阶导数谱,然后对光谱进行比较,得出野生白及和云南独蒜兰的差异。结论,利用红外光谱的特征峰形、峰位和峰数可鉴别野生白及的真伪,为中药材市场的鉴别提供了一种快速科学有效的方法。     

FTIR指纹图谱计算机快速分析

以不同产地白花蛇舌草及其伪品水线草的生药材为研究对象，制备它们的粉末样品和不同极性溶剂提取物的傅立叶变换红外指纹图谱(FTIR)、将FTIR图谱上各特征峰看作是多维空间内的向量，利用向量夹角余弦的基本公式计算2个指纹图谱间的相似度，并用VC^ 编程自动完成色谱峰匹配并计算相似度结果表明各产地白花蛇舌草之间的相似度要大于它们与水线草FTIR图谱之间的相似度，说明该程序能较好的定量评价FTIR指纹图谱间的相似性，可应用于中药质量快速鉴定。     

食用油红外光谱的分形维数特征

以傅立叶变换红外光谱为研究对象,探讨了图像分形理论在傅立叶变换红外光谱识别中的应用,提出一种利用分形理论提取食用植物油红外光谱特征的算法.通过对傅立叶变换红外光谱分形维数的比较,达到区分不同光谱的目的,利用开源计算机视觉库OpenCV实现了食用植物油红外光谱分形维数的计算算法,以玉米油和芝麻油的红外光谱为例对该方法进行了说明.实验表明:利用分形维数特征可以对玉米油和芝麻油的真伪进行很好的鉴别。     

巴比妥酸衍生物的合成与研究

设计合成了一种新的具有氢键诱导能力的巴比妥酸衍生物，经元素分析，红外光谱，核磁共振谱确定了其结果，并对合成的巴比妥酸衍生物在同一溶剂不同的浓度，相同的浓度不同的溶剂中的电子能谱进行了研究。     

大豆油和花生油傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱识别分析

针对不同品种的大豆和花生样品,经溶剂提取,挥干溶剂后,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪,分辨率4 cm-1,扫描次数70,扫描范围400-4000 cm-1,经光谱预处理后,提取油脂红外吸收特征信息,将1746 cm-1和2855 cm-1处峰面积比值作为横坐标,1099 cm-1处与1119cm-1处的吸收峰面积比值作为纵坐标,用Excel软件作出二维分析图,考察两种溶剂(无水乙醚和石油醚)提取油脂对红外吸收光谱的影响.结果表明:两种油脂识别效果均较理想,二者相比,红外吸收光谱的识别分析后者优于前者.     

陈皮中抗氧化成分的提取工艺研究

研究了用乙醇提取陈皮时提取条件对提取物抗氧化性的影响。通过单因素试验确定了提取时间、提取温度、溶剂浓度和液料比的大致范围，用RSM（响应面分析法）设计了正交试验，试验结果表明：提取时间为7.24h、提取温度为50℃、液料比为20、溶剂浓度为70％的陈皮乙醇提取物的抗氧化性最好。     

莼菜多糖提取工艺研究中的IR光谱分析

对以湖北利川地区莼菜为原料的不同提取工艺条件制备的莼菜多糖进行了红外光谱分析研究，并将它们与莼菜粘液进行对照．结果表明，不同的提取工艺条件对多糖的含量及多糖结构破坏有影响．     

从紫色非硫细菌中提取类胡萝卜素研究

探讨了紫色非硫细菌中类胡萝卜素提取的影响因素，包括提取温度、提取时间、溶剂用量、皂化等，并对提取色素进行了初步分析。结果表明：提取温度为49℃，提取时间为4h，丙酮溶剂用量为5mL／g菌泥的条件下提取类胡萝卜紊的效果好；皂化能除去提取液中残留的叶绿素并水解类胡萝卜紊酯，提高提取物的纯度等。     

Microwave-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from solanum nigrum

The microwave-assisted method was used to extract polysaccharides from solanum nigrum. The optimum experimental parameters, mechanism of the extraction and the effect of microwave-assisted extraction process on the structures of polysaccharides were investigated. The extract was analyzed by the modified phenol-sulfuric acid method at 490 nm. The optimum experimental parameters were obtained by orthogonal experiments as follows： extraction time 15 min, microwave radiation power 455 W and the process ratio of materials mass to solvent volume 1 ： 20. The results show that compared with the conventional reflux extraction, the microwave-assisted extraction has a higher yield in shorter time, with no effect on the finally obtained polysaccharides as seen from the FT-IR spectra. The scanning electron microscopy images reveal that the mechanism of the extraction is related to the structural changes of the plant cells in different extracting conditions.     

Improving extraction yield of humic substances from lignite with anthraquinone in alkaline solution

Based on the characteristics of the lignite sample, effects of assistant anthraquinone (AQ) on extraction yield of humic substances (HS) and the action mechanisms of AQ in alkaline condition were studied by Fouvier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The results indicate that assistant AQ can not only increase the extraction yield of HS but also reduce the alkali dosage (NaOH) as well as the extraction temperature and extraction time. Under the optimal conditions of alkali dosage of 9%, AQ dosage of 0.75%, extraction temperature of 80 °C, extraction time of 30 min, stirring speed of 600 r/min and solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:3, the extraction yield of HS reaches 80.08%, which is increased by more than 20% compared with the conventional extraction. FT-IR spectra show that AQ is able to prevent dissolved HS from being destroyed into undissolved substance by alkali and HS obtained in the presence of AQ possesses more groups of -COOR and -COOH than that obtained without AQ.     

亚麻油的碱催化异构化

以亚麻油为原料,丙三醇为溶剂,通过碱(KOH)催化异构化法制备共轭亚麻酸.产物采用UV、FT-IR、GC和GC-MS进行分析及表征.考察了碱与溶剂用量对亚麻油共轭化的影响、反应时间与反应温度,确定了亚麻油异构化最佳工艺参数.结果表明,当反应温度为180℃,反应时间为120min,碱油比(mA∶mo)与溶剂油比(Vs ∶...     

扇贝糖原酶法提取及其硫酸化修饰条件

以新鲜扇贝闭壳肌为原料,酶法提取扇贝糖原,其得率为13.78%,其中糖质量分数为91.62%,蛋白质质量分数为1.4%。采用氯磺酸-吡啶法对所提取扇贝糖原进行硫酸酯化修饰,以硫酸取代度(DS)为指标,对硫酸酯化试剂体积、反应温度以及反应时间进行优化。实验结果显示,最佳修饰条件为酯化试剂中氯磺酸与吡啶的体积比为1∶5,反应温度为60℃,反应时间为3h。经红外光谱分析表明,硫酸基与扇贝糖原形成硫酸酯化合物。     

Polyoxometalates Pillared Hydrotalcite： Synthesis and Catalysis in Transesterification of Dimethyl Carbonate and Phenol

The salts of para-tungstic and para-molybdic were heterogenized for their effective use as solid catalysts in the transesterification reaction of dimethyl carbonate and phenol by inserting them between the layers of Mg₂Al-hydrotalcite. These catalysts were characterized by FT-IR spectra and X-ray powder diffraction. Polyoxometalates (POMs) clusters were intercalated into the interlayer of layered double hydroxide (LDH) via anion exchange with organic acid precursor in Mg₂Al-LDH, and the integrity of the clusters ^6- and ^6- was maintained. The intercalated para-molybdic cluster showed high catalytic activity and reusability in the transesterification under mild reaction conditions. When the reaction was carried out at 180?℃, with a molar ratio of phenol to DMC of 1∶1, a reaction time 10?h, and a catalyst amount 1%(wt), the conversion of phenol was 10.0%, the selectivities of diphenyl carbonate and methyl phenyl carbonate were 10.7% and 86.1%, respectively.     

Depression behaviors of N-thiourea-maleamic acid and its adsorption mechanism on galena in Mo-Pb flotation separation

In present study, a novel organic depressant N-thiourea-maleamic acid (TMA) was synthesized and applied as a galena depressant in the flotation separation of Mo-Pb ores. The depression behaviors of TMA were tested through flotation experiments. A wider separation window for single minerals over 90.0% was obtained at 30.0 mg/L TMA, confirming that TMA could depress galena significantly, while effected molybdenite floatability slightly. An effective separation was obtained for artificially mixed minerals and actual Mo-Pb ores. The adsorption mechanism on galena was revealed by UV–Vis spectra, zeta potential tests, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis, contact angle tests and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The zeta potentials of galena became more negative and the contact angle of galena dropped from initial 74.36° to 57.8° with 30.0 mg/L TMA depressant, inferring that TMA had adsorbed on galena surface. The analysis results of UV–Vis spectra, FT-IR and XPS gave further evidence that TMA might chemisorb on galena surface via Pb sites on galena surface and the thiourea group in TMA molecular structure, while the carboxyl group played a role of hydrophilicity.     

β-环糊精与克百威包合作用的研究

采用固相共研磨法和饱和水溶液法合成β-环糊精和克百威的包合物,通过红外、紫外和荧光光谱对其结构和性质进行了表征;利用紫外光谱研究了不同浓度下β-环糊精溶液对克百威溶解度的影响,绘制出相溶解曲线图以确定β-环糊精和克百威之间形成物质的量比为1∶1的包合物。利用克百威的内源荧光特性,根据包合前后以及在不同温度下荧光强度变化,结合Stern-Volmer方程,获取不同温度下β-环糊精和克百威之间的结合常数Kc;热动力学方法研究温度对包合反应的影响,根据热力学参数得出包合反应是自发熵和焓共同驱动过程。     

活性离子水提取艾叶挥发油的研究

河南产艾叶经过新鲜活性离子水浸提水蒸气蒸馏获得挥发油，产油率为0．70％，较直接水蒸气蒸馏提高0．1%以上．采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪结合标准图谱和文献分析其化学组分，酸性和碱性离子水浸提的挥发油共检出47个成分，鉴定43个成分，其中有9个成分是采用直接水蒸气蒸馏获得样品中所没有的成分，如环氧石竹烯、反-索布瑞醇、茉莉酮酸酯等，有些具有一定的研究开发价值。     

Preparation of long alumina fibers by sol-gel method using tartaric acid

Long alumina fibers were prepared by sol-gel method.The spinning sol was obtained by mixing aluminum nitrate,tartaric acid,and polyvinylpyrrolidone with a mass ratio of 10∶3∶1.5.Thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC),Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra,X-ray diffraction (XRD),and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the properties of the gel and ceramic fibers.A little of α-Al2O3 phase is observed in the alumina precursor gel fibers sintered at 1273 K.The ...     

NiFe2O4纳米冷冻机油的红外光谱分析

采用Nicolet 6700型傅立叶变换红外光谱仪对矿物基3GS纳米NiFe2O4冷冻机油的红外光谱进行采集,逐步分析了矿物基冷冻机油、试样空白纳米冷冻机油及纳米冷冻机油的红外光谱变化情况,并与POE冷冻机油160SZ的红外光谱进行了对比分析.发现促使POE油与R134a相溶的可能因素是脂肪族酸、脂肪族醚和脂肪族伯醇的存在,矿物基3GS纳米NiFe2O4冷冻机油中出现了与POE冷冻机油160SZ相似的吸收峰,使其与R134a的相溶性得到改善.