含生物类黄酮的植物叶在焙烤类保健食品中的应用

蓼科植物苦荞麦、蔷薇科植物山楂、桑科植物桑树与银杏科植物银杏的叶中含有丰富的生物类黄酮物质,其保健功能和开发利用价值受到了国内外学者的普遍关注,欧美及日本等国对生物类黄酮的性质和保健作用已作了深入的基础性研究,我国卫生部新食品资源评审委员会于１９９２也已批准银杏叶提取物作为新的食品添加剂。 一、生物类黄酮的性质和保健作用 生物类黄酮属植物次级代谢产物,是一组存在于植物叶、花及果实中的天然色素,因多呈黄色而称为类黄酮。动物不能合成类黄酮,植物是富含生物类黄酮的主要食物来源。生物类黄酮无毒性,在高级动…     

生物类黄酮提取方法的研究分析

所谓的生物类黄酮就是指维生素P,是一种植物的次级代谢产物,不是某一种单一的化合物,而是某一类具有相同或相似结构及活性的物质总称。生物类黄酮在抗氧化、抗血栓、保护心脑血管等方面有着良好的表现,故一直深受人们重视,对其研究工作也一直在进行,目前,生物类黄酮的提取主要有有机溶剂萃取法、醇提取、酶法、碱性水或碱性稀醇提取法及超临界萃取法等方法。     

生物类黄酮的研究与应用概况

介绍了生物类黄酮的结构与生物活性的关系、生物类黄酮的提取、精制、鉴定方法及应用，旨在为生物类黄酮的研究、开发、应用提供参考。     

鞑靼荞食用药用的研究

本文叙述了鞑靼荞为主要原料,与药、食两用;中草药和生物类黄酮复配成的制品。临床证明鞑靼荞制品为有药理作用,而无毒、无副作用的降血糖、降血脂食品。生物类黄酮为活血化瘀、消炎抗菌、拔毒生肌性药物。     

芬芳的礼物

生物类黄酮是广泛分布于植物中的一大类衍生化合物,目前已知的类黄酮化合物已有一千多种.它们包括黄酮、黄酮醇、异黄酮、黄烷酮、查耳酮、花色素、色原酮等,其中食品中的主要类黄酮有黄烷酮、黄酮、黄酮醇和异黄酮四类.生物类黄酮具有生物活性和生理作用,特别是其抗氧化、抗自由基及抗癌、防癌的作用.因此,如何有效地提取和分离提纯生物类黄酮对其开发应用越来越关键.     

生物类黄酮的研究及应用概况

生物类黄酮具有多种生物活性,可用于延缓衰老,治疗和预防癌症、心血管病等退变性疾病,具有很大的开发应用价值。论文就生物类黄酮的生物活性、药理作用、提取分离方法及应用进行了详细阐述,旨在为生物类黄酮的研究、开发、应用提供参考。     

罗布麻与亚硝酸钠的相互作用研究

罗布麻叶中含有的生物类黄酮具有去除亚硝酸钠的能力。通过索氏提取罗布麻叶中生物类黄酮,以芦丁为标准对照品,采用分光光度法对罗布麻叶中总的生物类黄酮含量进行测定,并探究了反应时间、反应pH、反应浓度和反应温度等不同反应条件对于亚硝酸钠去除率的影响。结果表明:当pH 2,温度50℃,罗布麻叶中生物类黄酮含量为0.223~0.446 mg/mL范围内,作用100 min时,去除效果达到最佳。     

荞麦生物类黄酮研究现状

本文总结荞麦生物类黄酮化学组成、功能特性研究现状,介绍荞麦黄酮提取工艺概况,并 对荞麦生物类黄酮的开发与利用进行展望。     

荞麦中类黄酮的研究进展

黄酮类化合物是一类生物活性物质,具有特殊的保健和药用功能.概述了荞麦中生物类黄酮的化学组成、分布,以及提取和纯度鉴定的方法,以期为生物类黄酮的研究和开发提供参考.     

苦丁茶叶中生物类黄酮及芦丁含量的测定

通过分光光度法测得紫茎女贞芽叶、老叶、粗壮女贞芽叶、老叶生物类黄酮含量分别为:(2.67±0.23)%、(2.08±0.21)%、(3.15±0.18)%、(2.78±0.22)%.采用高效液相色谱法测得2种川产苦丁茶芦丁含量分别为:紫茎女贞芽叶、老叶分别为(0.118±0.011)%,(0.083±0.012)%,粗壮女贞芽叶、老叶(0.082±0.012)%,(0.065±0.008)%.2种川产苦丁茶中生物类黄酮含量丰富,可作为提取生物类黄酮的原料;芦丁含量很低,仅为生物类黄酮的2.3%～4.4%.     

微波提取荷叶黄酮及其清除羟基自由基的研究

本文研究了水剂、无水乙醇、乙醇水溶液及乙醇水溶液结合微波照射浸提荷叶黄酮及其清除羟基自由基的作用。实验结果表明:以60%乙醇水溶液作提取剂,固液比1:30、微波照射1.5min、浸提2.5h,荷叶黄酮浸出最多;且荷叶黄酮提取物对·OH自由基有较明显的清除作用,其清除率与黄酮的浓度有一定的量效关系。     

Biologically active food supplements as sources of flavonoids, tannins and dietary fibers

The content of some biologically active substances such as bioflavonoids, tannins and dietary fiber in various type of biologically active additive was analyzed. The results are shown that the content of bioflavonoids ranger from 26.0 to 3970.0 mg%, tannins--from 1.19 to 857.0 mg%, insoluble dietary fiber--from 4.56 to 67.89% and soluble dietary fiber from 1.0 to 66.8%.     

Influence of bioflavonoids from the radix extract of Scutellaria baicalensis on the level of serum lipids, and the development of laboratory rats fed with fresh and oxidized fats

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of bioflavonoids from the radix of Scurellaria baicalensis on the level of lipids, via the determination of the concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in the plasma of laboratory rats fed high-fat and high-cholesterol diets, and via the calculation of their atherogenic index. We also studied the influence of bioflavonoids on their physical development by measuring the increase in their body mass and liver mass. The rats were fed a diet with a 15% content of fresh or oxidized lard or sunflower oil, along with 0.5% added cholesterol. 0.05% S. baicalensis radix extract was added to the diet of half of the rats as the source of bioflavonoids. In the group of rats fed a diet containing oxidized oil we observed a significantly lower increase in body mass (15.5 +/- 7.6 g/4 weeks/rat) than that observed for the control rats (77.0 +/- 15.7 g/4 weeks/rat). The addition of S. baicalensis radix extract to the diet raised the increase in body mass in the groups receiving oil as the source of fat; those receiving fresh oil had a 40% increase, and those receiving oxidized oil showed a 300% increase relative to the appropriate controls. In all the groups of rats fed a diet with bioflavonoids added, a beneficial decrease in the plasma triglyceride content was observed relative to the appropriate controls. In the plasma of rats on a diet containing the extract and fresh or oxidized oil or fresh lard, we observed a beneficial reduction in the total cholesterol level relative to the appropriate controls. The atherogenic index was higher for the group of animals fed with fresh lard than for those fed with fresh oil, and higher for those fed with oxidized oil than for those fed with oxidized lard. The addition of bioflavonoids to the diet beneficially reduced the atherogenic index value in the group fed with fresh oil, and increased its value in the group fed with oxidized lard.     

Effect of antioxidant use in dietary therapy in patients with chronic athrofic hastritis

In the 1-year double-blind placebo-controlled intervention trial, it was shown that daily supplementation of patients with gastric premalignant lesions (intestinal metaplasia, IM) with a complex, containing Ester-C with antioxidantsand (2100 mg of Ca-ascorbate + 340 mg of bioflavonoids), produced a sharp decrease of abnormally high ornithine decarboxylase activity in IM gastric mucosa that was accom panied by practically total IM regression in 11 of 18 (61%) patients.     

天然植物中原花青素提取和纯化方法研究进展

原花青素属于多酚类化合物,与植物多糖、生物黄酮等活性物质一样广泛存在于各种植物之中。近年来针对植物中原花青素活性功能研究逐渐增多,研究发现其具有很强的生物活性,如清除自由基、抗癌、抗突变、预防和治疗心血管疾病等,且安全无毒。现在原花青素已广泛应用于临床医学、化妆品、保健食品和食品工业等领域。目前天然植物中原花青素的提取和纯化研究已经成为热门课题,本文主要总结归纳了原花青素溶剂浸提法、超声辅助提取法、微波辅助提取法、离子液体提取法、超临界流体提取法、酶提取法6种提取工艺和大孔树脂吸附法、高速逆流色谱法、膜过滤法、凝胶色谱法4种纯化方法,简要介绍了其基本原理,同时分析了各方法的优缺点,以期为以后的相关科研工作提供一定的参考。     

荞麦降糖酸奶的研制

荞麦富含蛋白质、维生素、矿物质等众多营养物质,特别是生物类黄酮、手性肌醇、高活性蛋白等降糖因子的含量明显高于其它粮食作物。旨为糖尿病人群开发具有降糖作用的保健食品,使酸奶和荞麦得到更好的结合,以保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌按l∶l混合作为生产茵种。采用单因素实验和正交实验对酸奶发酵工艺进行研究,实验结果表明,苦荞牛乳混合发酵酸奶的最佳工艺条件为苦荞浆添加量30%、木糖醇添加量8%。稳定剂添加复配比例CMC 0.15%、卡拉胶0.10%、黄原胶0.05%,菌种添加量3%,发酵时间4 h。同时在后熟过程中添加降糖因子,手性肌醇为6.55μg/mL,黄酮类化合物0.526 mg/mL,荞麦蛋白0.12 g/mL。     

ANTI-OXIDANT EFFECT OF QUERCETIN ON TYPE 2 DIABETIC ERYTHROCYTES

There is much evidence that oxidative stress is involved in the etiology of several diabetic complications. Many in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that several parameters of red blood cell function and integrity are negatively affected by increased oxidative stress. Quercetin (3,3', 4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) is one of the most abundant bioflavonoids commonly present in most edible fruits and vegetables. Quercetin has been reported to prevent oxidant damage and cell death by scavenging free radicals. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antioxidant effect of quercetin on markers of oxidative stress in erythrocytes from type 2 diabetic patients. Quercetin (at micromolar concentration) shows significant antioxidant effect in protecting erythrocytes from tert- butylhydroperoxide induced oxidative changes. These results suggest that a diet rich in quercetin may provide protection to diabetic patients against some late complications.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

In recent years, there has been heightened interest in the possible therapeutic role of plant polyphenols for large number of human diseases. Among other known biological effects, plant polyphenols are known to have strong antioxidant properties. Out of more than 4,000 different types of plant polyphenols, relatively few are known to be effectively absorbed in the human digestive system. Among this group is the flavonoid quercetin that is present in many fruits and vegetables. We present here experimental proof of the protecting effect of this bioflavonoid on erythrocytes subjected to increased oxidative stress. Since diabetic patients are known to have increased oxidative stress, our results add to the scientific knowledge that a higher intake of diet rich in quercetin may protect diabetic patients from some late complications arising due to oxidative stress.     

Chemometric-Assisted Optimization of RP-HPLC Method for Determination of Some Bioflavonoids in Brassica oleracea Species and Their Antioxidative Activity

In the present work, the rapid RP-HPLC method with UV (DAD) detection for simultaneous quantification of bioflavonoids: quercetin, apigenin, catechin, epicatechin, kaempferol, and luteolin in Brassica oleracea species samples (cauliflower, broccoli, and Brussels sprouts) was developed with the aid of LC-Simulator (ACD Labs® suite) software. A series of extracts obtained with different extraction method were evaluated for antioxidant activity. The optimal conditions for separation and quantification were established after nine scouting runs entered to LC-Simulator software. The optimized separation was achieved on Hypersil GOLD aQ column with isocratic elution and mobile phase composition A:2 % acetic acid in water and B:acetonitrile in 91:9 (v/v %) ratio. The R _s values were in the range from 2.6 to 8.00, indicating good selectivity of the method. The obtained results generally show good agreement with published data. Low detection limits (0.02–0.055 μg/mL) were obtained with acceptable recoveries (90–109 %). Total time of analysis was less than 11 min; therefore, the proposed method represents significant improvement over existing methods. Extracts from Brassica vegetables, obtained using different extraction procedures, were studied for their radical scavenging effects. Scavenging of DPPH showed different kinetics at the beginning of the assay period and after 15 min from the initialization of reaction. Different kinetics suggested the presence of polymerized and/or less active antioxidants with different scavenging mechanisms for particular polyphenolic compounds.