低温环境下PEEK/CF复合材料结构和性能研究进展

分析了碳纤维(CF)增强聚合物(CFRP)复合材料特别是CF增强聚醚醚酮(PEEK/CF)复合材料在新一代可重复使用航天运载器(RSLVs)低温燃料贮箱上应用的优势,并根据RSLVs低温燃料贮箱对材料的要求,介绍了低温环境及低温-室温热循环处理对PEEK/CF复合材料内部结构、气体渗透性能和力学性能影响的研究进展.在此...     

等离子体改性技术在碳纤维/PEK-C复合材料中的应用研究

利用低温氧等离子体处理技术对碳纤维进行表面改性,采用X射线光电子能谱、原子力显微镜等手段对碳纤维的表面性质进行表征,考察了等离子体功率和处理时间对碳纤维/PEK-C树脂基复合材料的界面黏结性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,等离子体处理能够增加碳纤维表面的活性含氧基团含量和粗糙度,复合材料的界面黏结性能得到明显改善。在应力作用下,复合材料的破坏模式由未处理的界面脱黏破坏转变为等离子体处理后树脂基体的破坏。碳纤维在200 W的等离子体功率下处理12.5 min时,复合材料的层间剪切强度(ILSS)和弯曲强度分别达到最大值94.12MPa和1316.76 MPa。     

碳纤维的等离子体表面处理技术研究进展

碳纤维表面所固有的疏水性和化学惰性制约了碳纤维复合材料的界面性能。等离子体表面处理技术通过刻蚀、清洁以及引入表面活性基团等作用,较好地解决了碳纤维表面与树脂基体的界面结合,提高了碳纤维复合材料的性能。主要综述了低温等离子体表面处理技术对碳纤维表面物理化学结构以及复合材料力学性能的影响方面的最新研究进展,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。     

不同方法处理碳纤维增强PTFE复合材料性能的研究

采用两种不同的方法对碳纤维(CF)表面进行处理,一种是先以热空气对CF进行氧化处理,然后用偶联剂进行表面处理;另一种是先用聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)乳液对CF进行浸渍,后用等离子体进行表面处理。研究了不同方法、不同表面处理条件对PTFE/CF复合材料拉伸性能的影响,并应用扫描电镜对拉伸断口形貌进行了分析。结果表明,两种方法都能有效地提高CF与PTFE之间的界面结合力及PTFE/CF复合材料的拉伸性能。     

碳纤维表面处理对CF/PP复合材料力学性能的影响研究

本文采用东丽碳纤维制备了碳纤维增强聚丙烯(CF/PP)复合材料,对所制备复合材料的力学性能进行了研究,并进一步结合复合材料断面扫描电镜照片,研究了CF表面处理对复合材料拉伸强度和拉伸模量的影响。结果表明,对碳纤维进行强酸表面处理后,东丽碳纤维的增强效果明显。     

CF/UHMWPEF混杂复合材料的力学性能研究

本文对不同铺层方式的碳纤维(CF)和高强聚乙烯纤维(UHMWPEF)混杂复合材料的力学性能进行测试,同时对UHMWPEF表面处理前后的混杂复合材料性能进行了比较。实验结果表明,经表面处理的UHMWPEF与碳纤维以(CF)0/(CF)0/(UHMWPEF)/(CF)0/(CF)0方式进行层间混杂时,其复合材料的力学性能较好。     

碳纤维-环氧树脂复合材料的制备及力学性能表征

用低温等离子体技术对碳纤维针织物进行处理,将E-44环氧树脂基体与碳纤维织物进行复合,在温度为40℃、模压压力1.5 MPa条件下,采用模压成型法,加热1 h,保温2 h后,制备出碳纤维复合材料。测试了复合材料的拉伸性能、弯曲性能及压缩性能,得出经过等离子体处理后,碳纤维复合材料的纵向拉伸强度比改性处理前提高了31.12%,横向拉伸强度提高了40.61%;纵向弯曲强度提高了26.42%,横向弯曲强度提高了23.41%;纵向抗压强度提高了40.41%,横向抗压强度提高了29.74%。等离子体处理有利于碳纤维与树脂的结合,使得制备出的碳纤维复合材料的力学性能得到提高。     

短纤维增强热塑性聚氨酯弹性体复合材料的性能研究

通过短切碳纤维(CF)与热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)共混改性制得一系列不同CF质量分数(含量)、不同方法处理CF的碳纤维/TPU复合材料。重点研究了不同CF质量分数和不同表面处理方法对碳纤维/TPU复合材料的微观形态、物理机械性能、热性能和动态力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:随着CF质量分数的提高,复合材料的杨氏模量和压缩模量逐渐提高,当CF质量分数为25%时,拉伸强度出现最大值。热性能和动态性能也均以CF质量分数为25%时最佳。各种表面处理中以胺基硅烷KH5501处理CF对CF/TPU复合材料的机械性能和热稳定性改善效果明显;而TCA-K44和浓硝酸氧化刻蚀CF/TPU复合材料则表现出较好的韧性和弹性。SEM分析结果表明,TPU与CF间具有很好的粘接。     

碳纤维增强尼龙复合材料的性能研究

研究了碳纤维(CF)用量及助剂对碳纤维/PA66复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:复合材料的拉伸强度随着CF用量增加而增大,当CF质量分数超过15%时,增幅缓慢。在同一载荷下,随CF用量的增加,复合材料的摩擦系数先降低后升高,碳纤维质量分数为20%时,复合材料体系的摩擦系数最小,较PA66树脂降低了1/3;相容剂、耐磨助剂的加入,可有效改善CF/PA66复合材料的摩擦磨损性能。     

碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮复合材料力学性能研究

通过热压成型方法制备出碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮(CF/PEEK)复合材料,研究了CF含量和退火处理对拉伸力学性能的影响,CF含量对压缩力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着CF含量的增加,拉伸力学性能先增加后下降。退火处理在CF含量较低时增加了CF/PEEK复合材料的拉伸力学性能,在高CF含量时,对拉伸力学性能起到负面的影响。随着CF含量的增加,CF/PEEK复合材料的压缩性能先上升后下降,且碳纤维含量在10%时压缩性能达到最大值503.56 MPa。     

Impact behavior of carbon fiber/ultra-high modulus polyethylene fiber hybrid composites

Carbon fiber (CF)/ultra-high modulus polyethylene (UHMPE) fiber hybrid composites were fabricated using vinyl ester resin as a matrix. Interfacial adhesion of carbon fiber/vinyl ester composites and UHMPE fiber/vinyl ester composites as model composites was optimized using low temperature plasma treatment. Interlaminar shear strengths of carbon fiber/vinyl ester and UHMPE fiber/vinyl ester homocomposite were greatly increased by plasma and silane coupling agent treatment. From the result of the impact test, total absorbed energy of carbon fiber/UHMPE fiber hybrid composites was correlated with laminating sequences at optimized interfacial adhesion between the reinforcing fiber and matrix resin. UHMPE fiber layers of hybrid composites played an important role in absorbing energy. Elastic and plastic deformation of UHMPE fiber layers also played a key role in improving the impact properties of carbon fiber/UHMPE fiber hybrid composites.     

Effect of plasma modification on the mechanical properties of carbon fiber/phenolphthalein polyaryletherketone composites

A study was carried out to investigate the effect of plasma modification on the mechanical properties of carbon fiber/phenolphthalein polyaryletherketone composites. The influence of oxygen plasma treatment on the surface properties of carbon fibers was investigated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. The results indicated that oxygen plasma treatment was capable of increasing the concentrations of the oxygen‐containing groups of the carbon fiber surface as well as enhancing surface roughness. Both the chemical bonding and mechanical interlocking gave rise to an increase of the interlaminar shear strength of composite. Scanning electron microscope photographs showed that the destruction mode of composites was changed after the carbon fibers were treated by oxygen plasma. The results also indicated that the flexural properties of plasma‐treated carbon fiber composites were improved. POLYM. COMPOS., 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Influence of oxygen plasma treatment parameters on the properties of carbon fiber

This study is focused on the impact of oxygen plasma treatment on properties of carbon fibers and interfacial adhesion behavior between the carbon fibers and epoxy resin. The influences of the main parameters of plasma treatment process, including duration, power, and flow rate of oxygen gas were studied in detail using interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of carbon fiber composites. The ILSS of composites made of carbon fibers treated by oxygen plasma for 1 min, at power of 125 W, and oxygen flow rate of 100 sccm presented a maximum increase of 28% compared to composites made of untreated carbon fibers. Furthermore, carbon fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tensile strength test, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy analyses. It was found that the concentration of reactive functional groups on the fiber surface was increased after the plasma modification, as well the surface roughness, which finally improved the interfacial adhesion between carbon fibers and epoxy resin. However, high power and long exposure times could partly damage the surface of carbon fibers and decrease the tensile strength of filaments and ILSS of treated fiber composites.     

炭纤维表面处理对CF／PMR—15复合材料力学性能的影响

研究了炭纤维表面不同处理方法对复合材料力学性能的影响,采用等离子体和等离子体接枝技术对炭纤维表面进行处理后,CF／PMR－15复合材料的界面剪切强度与层间剪切强度均有所提高,随着界面状态的改善,界面剪切强度提高的幅度比层间剪切强度提高的大,本文为指导炭纤维的表面处理,评价处理效果,进一步预报复合材料的宏观性能打下了基础。     

Enhancing hygrothermal resistance of aeronautical carbon fabric/epoxy composites via air plasma processing

Air plasma processing is introduced as a surface modification technique for carbon fibers to enhance the hygrothermal resistance of carbon fabric/epoxy composites. On carbon fiber surface subjected to 4-min plasma processing, there are 37.6% of carbon species present as –C–O–C groups and 9.3% of carbon species as –COOH groups. The moisture adsorption behavior of composites can be described by Fick’s law. Increase in temperature accelerates the initial moisture adsorption rate and results in a higher diffusion coefficient. The decreasing interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of composites is mainly ascribed to the loss of adhesion at the fiber/matrix interface. A lower equilibrium moisture content of composites is caused by air plasma processing, which leads to the improved interfacial bonding strength and the higher retention rate of ILSS of carbon fabric/epoxy composites. The interface sensitivity and temperature dependence of moisture adsorption for carbon fabric/epoxy composites are discussed. The results presented herein demonstrate an effective strategy for enhancing hygrothermal resistance of carbon fiber-reinforced composites.     

短切CF增强TPEE热塑性复合材料的注射成型及力学性能研究

以热塑性聚酯弹性体(TPEE)为基体材料,8 mm短切碳纤维(CF)为增强材料,制备CF/TPEE复合材料。材料通过双螺杆挤出系统混合塑化、挤出造粒后,再经过注塑成型制备成标准拉伸试样,通过力学性能测试及微观结构观察,系统研究了碳纤维含量和等离子表面处理对CF/TPEE复合材料拉伸性能的影响。结果表明,当碳纤维含量为20%时,CF/TPEE复合材料的拉伸强度最大,为39.08 MPa;相比于纯TPEE,其拉伸强度提高了217%;经过等离子表面处理后,拉伸强度进一步提高了5%。结合拉伸后断面的SEM图发现,注塑试样表层碳纤维取向度高,而近中区和中心层取向度相对较低,这是注射CF/TPEE复合材料拉伸性能提高效应不明显的主要原因。     

Impact behavior of carbon fiber/polyethylene fiber hybrid composite: The effect of surface treatment of polyethylene fiber

Hybrid composites were prepared by adding one or two plies of polyethylene (PE) fabric to the bottom side of four-ply carbon fiber/vinylester composites. The effect of the surface treatment of PE fiber on the impact properties of carbon fiber/PE fiber hybrid composites was investigated using oxygen plasma, γ-MPS, and γ-MPS-modified polybutadiene (PB/γ-MPS) as surface modifiers. Carbon fiber/vinylester composite exhibited brittle failure with cross-shaped crack at the back side. The addition of PE fabric on the bottom side resulted in a change of the impact behavior of hybrid composites. After hybridization, the absorption of much impact energy was attributed to a considerable degree of plastic deformation in PE plies and the delamination at the interface between carbon and PE layer. However, the surface treatment of PE fiber reduced the impact energy of composites with restriction of deformation at the interface between the carbon and the PE layer. Moreover, the addition of a treated PE layer decreased the degree of deformation with a dagger-shaped deformation zone at the back side. The extent of the deformation area had a significant effect on the impact energy of the hybrid composites.     

Studies on the modification of interphase/interfaces by use of plasma in certain polymer composite systems

Calcium carbonate and carbon fiber surfaces were modified by use of a series of plasma polymers at different selected plasma conditions, and the effect of surface modification, mainly on the mechanical properties of composite systems prepared, was investigated. The matrices for the composite systems employed were polypropylene and epoxy, for the chalk and C fiber, respectively. Mechanical and thermal studies and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) pictures revealed that inclusion surfaces, being independent of their geometry and size, can be modified effectively by plasma. A polypropylene matrix with 30% modified chalk had better properties than composites with 10% unmodified chalk. Tensile strength and stress to failure values for single carbon fibers were found to be improved by plasma treatment. Surface-treated carbon fibers yielded at composites with better interlaminar shear strength and flexural strengths.     

Research and application prospect of short carbon fiber reinforced ceramic composites

With the advantage of high temperature resistance, low expansion, low density and excellent thermal stability, carbon fiber reinforced ceramic composites have a very wide range of applications in aerospace, military, energy, chemical industries and transportation. Short carbon fiber reinforced ceramic composites are characterized by simple processes, low manufacturing costs, short preparation times and automated production, can be used in fields such as friction materials and thermal protection system. This paper reviews the current status and recent advances in research on homogenization techniques, mechanical properties, thermal properties and frictional properties of short carbon fiber reinforce ceramic composites. Different processing routes for short carbon fiber reinforced ceramic composites, including reactive melt infiltration (RMI), hot pressing (HP), spark plasma sintering (SPS) and pressureless sintering, the advantages and drawbacks of each method are briefly discussed. The future development direction of low-cost manufacturing short carbon fiber reinforced ceramic composites is prospected.