XD-0.5巷道式堆垛起重机

机械工厂物料搬运是生产过程的一个重要环节,它直接影响到劳动生产率和成本的高低。这些物料搬运量很大,如生产一辆自重四吨的汽车,其物料搬运量就有25吨;又如年产780万套的轴承厂,其成品重量为2.3万吨,但在厂内的物料搬运量就有300万吨。如用一般搬运方法,用人多、耗费大、还会影响产品质量和造成工伤事故。据统计,我国工厂的搬运费约占产品成本的四分之一,因此,加速厂内物料搬运和仓储设备的研制工作,迅速提高厂内运输和仓储设备的现代化水平,已成为当前技术改造的重要方面。下面我们选编一些最近研制的机械厂内物料搬运和仓库储运设备,供同志们参考。     

设备鲁棒性布局与物料搬运系统协同优化方法

针对现有车间设备鲁棒性布局忽略物料搬运系统设计从而导致最终布局方案偏离全局最优解的问题,提出了一种设备鲁棒性布局及物料搬运系统协同优化方法。通过分析不同生产阶段设备间物流量及物流关系的变化,生成初始鲁棒性布局方案,并对每一种布局方案建立物流路径概率矩阵并进行路径规划。以物料搬运设备效率为约束,选择相应的物料搬运设备。以物料搬运成本及布局面积费用最低为优化目标,建立设备鲁棒性布局及物料搬运系统协同优化模型,采用遗传算法进行求解,得到更贴近实际生产的车间布局规划方案。通过实例验证了模型和算法的有效性。     

管子加工车间物料搬运系统的优化设计

为了改善船舶企业管子加工车间的物料搬运系统,加大物料搬运能力,降低生产物流成本,提高生产效率,缩短船舶制造的生产周期,以CQ企业管子加工车间为背景,通过现场勘查和定量分析企业管子加工车间搬运现状,结合生产材料的特性和生产设施的布置,使用IE（industrial engineering）现场管理、定置管理、看板管理、6S管理等技术,将系统中人、机、物料和方法重新整合,使物料集装单元化,改善了物料搬运路线,减少了物料搬运路程,设计出专用的物料柜和托盘架,高效、简单、精益化的适合船舶制造企业管子加工车间的物料搬运方案。     

流程程序分析与布置经路分析在生产物料搬运中的应用研究

对生产设施布置和生产物料搬运中突出的问题进行了研究,并结合某企业的实际情况,应用流程程序分析和布置经路分析方法,分析了企业中所存的主要问题,提出了改善方案和措施。通过改善前后的物料搬运距离、物料搬运、耗用工时等相关指标的对比,改善方案主要零部件加工时间减少近1/3,物料搬运量和距离减少近1/2,并解决了企业新增设备布置问题,降低了企业生产成本,提高了生产率。     

Milk run在汽车零部件厂内物流改善中的应用

物料搬运浪费是七大浪费中最明显的浪费之一.在汽车零部件行业,一个组件由几个部分组成.因此搬运的改善带来的效益就十分明显.将Milk run应于汽车部件厂内物流改善.在备货区降低了小尺寸搬运的次数50％,将成产线在制品从原有的8h控制在2h.通过规划小火车拖车上托盘摆放位置,降低了员工的搬运劳动强度和减少小火车的运行周期.     

某生产车间布局和物料搬运系统分析与设计

通过对变压器生产车间布局及物流现状进行分析,画出了车间现场布局图以及车间物流距离图．并找出了其中存在的问题。根据问题并结合实际情况．对车间布局和物料搬运系统进行了改进设计,使其达到了减少物流倒流、搬运交叉,提高搬运效率、降低工作人员劳动强度和搬运成本的目的。     

为内部物流行业提供全产业链技术解决方案——孔灿德与他的LogiMAT

<正>【起重运输机械】:你对中国物流市场未来发展的看法是什么?Peter Kazander:首先请允许我区分厂内的内部物流和厂外的运输物流。我们是专注于内部物流或者称作厂内部物流。这种物流方式曾经被称为物料搬运,但它远远不止于此。内部物流涵盖了从采购、储存、生产、调试、包装以及货物的装载/保障等所有方面,包括所有作为支持的IT系统。这些工作占据了供应链的很大一部分,且完全是由公司自己处理完成的。在这     

制造业物料搬运信息系统设计问题研究

物流作为企业的第三利润源泉,越来越多的受到重视,俐氐制造业的生产物流成本．是得到更高利润的有效途径,而物料搬运是生产物流的主要部分,但在企业内并没有受到应有的重视。有效的研究成果更少,它的改善必然会对仓储管理和生产运作起到很好的促进作用。物料搬运信息系统作为物料搬运的重要组成部分,对企业物料搬运信息的传递具有重要意义。本文主要针对制造业企业物料搬运中的问题,设计了物料搬运信息系统,对搬运设备进行了优化设计,从系统的整体构架上对该系统的运行原理与系统组成部分的结构、功能作以详细的介绍。     

联合储库用自动运行物料搬运系统

对联合储库用自动运行物料搬运系统进行了概述,概述联合储库的存储方式,主要介绍了自动运行物料搬运系统的组成和功能,简单介绍了系统的应用情况。联合储库用自动运行物料搬运系统,采用新式机械构造设计、新型自动控制系统,使联合储库用物料搬运系统自动化程度有了质的提高,不同于普通的物料搬运系统,自动运行物料搬运系统主要在于能够结合厂内其他设备,根据运行指令自动运行,大大减少了操作人员数量,降低了操作人员成本,提高了物料搬运系统自动化水平,推动工厂自动化发展。     

基于系统化设施布置方法的M公司工厂布局改善

优良的车间设施布局对生产活动有较大影响,可以使物料搬运成本更低,人员走动距离更短,并提高生产效率。针对M公司工厂扩建搬迁、工厂设施重新布局,运用系统化设施布置方法进行了研究分析。通过对物流强度和非物流关系,以及其它限制边际条件进行分析研究,对工厂的设施布局提出改进方案,在优化作业单元之间交错物流线路的同时,减轻了物流强度,增加了车间的空间利用率,提高了生产效率。     

An new approach for the automatic analysis and control of material handling systems: integrated layout flow analysis (ILFA)

In the majority of small and medium sized enterprises (SEMs), the direct costs of material handling cannot be clearly measured. There are several reasons for this, including the large number of product types, complexity of their production cycle, and continuous change in markets. Therefore, production managers require flexible tools to create a suitable material handling system model which explicitly and rapidly calculates the indices required as these are traditionally neglected or laboriously approximated, (i.e., time and cost in material flow inside the factory, storage area requirements, and MH utilization percentage). This paper proposes an integrated approach to analyzing and controlling material handling operations in an industrial manufacturing plant from a “full quantitative” point of view. The model presented unites quite different fields of research into a unique methodology. This material handling model rapidly and automatically provides production managers with extensive and significant information. As a result, integrated layout flow analysis interrelates systematic layout planning with operational research algorithms and visual interactive simulation, using a complete software platform to implement them. This integrated layout flow analysis approach focuses on determining the space requirement for manufacturing department buffers, the transportation system requirements, the performance indices, and the time and cost of material flows spent in the layout and in MH traffic jams.     

<Emphasis Type="Bold">Plant Layout Computerised Design: Logistic and Relayout Program (LRP)</Emphasis>

Markets are affected by strong competition in terms of continuous innovation of products and processes, high customer satisfaction and low cost of production. In order to achieve these strategic results it is recommended, or necessary, to rectify lack of organisation. For instance, the increasing costs due to material handling, force factories to check the facility layout and, when necessary, to improve it. The evaluation of a prospective improvement requires a large effort and a well-established skill. The study and the optimisation of plant layout is a strategic activity. This paper represents the last step of a research program on the automatic design of plant layout. The aim is to support the design activity of plant layout by means of an integrated approach, taking into account many criteria, both quantitative and qualitative. In particular, this paper presents a global approach, based on material flow and activity relationships. It is carried out using new software, called LRP (layout and re-layout program), introduced by the authors. A real application in a factory, specialising in the production of electronic devices, is presented.     

A genetic algorithm for solving a multi-floor layout design model of a cellular manufacturing system with alternative process routings and flexible configuration

This paper presents a novel integer linear programming model for designing multi-floor layout of cellular manufacturing systems (CMS). Three major and interrelated decisions are involved in the design of a CMS; namely cell formation (CF), group layout (GL), and group scheduling (GS). A novel aspect of this model is concurrently making the CF and GL decisions to achieve an optimal design solution in a multi-floor factory. Other compromising aspects are: multi-floor layout to form cells in different floors is considered, multi-rows layout of equal area facilities in each cell is allowed, cells in flexible shapes are configured, and material handling cost based on the distance between the locations assigned to machines are calculated. Such an integrated CMS model with an extensive coverage of important manufacturing features has not been proposed before and this model incorporates several design features including alternative process routings, operation sequence, processing time, production volume of parts, duplicate machines, machine capacity, new machine purchasing, lot splitting, material flow between machines, intra-cell layout, inter-cell layout, multi-floor layout and flexible configuration. The objective is to minimize the total costs of intra-cell, inter-cell, and inter-floor material handling, new machines purchasing and machine processing. Two numerical examples are solved by the Lingo software to verify the performance of the proposed model and illustrate the model features. Sensitive analysis is also implemented on some model parameters. An improved genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to derive near-optimal solutions for the integrated model because of its NP hardness. It is then tested using several problems with different sizes and settings to verify the computational efficiency of the developed algorithm in comparison to a classic simulated annealing algorithm and the Lingo software. The obtained results show the efficiency of proposed GA in terms of objective function value and computational time.     

Experimental investigation on fabrication of Al/Fe bi-metal tubes by the magnetic pulse cladding process

In cellular production line (CPL), inter-cell machining and transportation of “exception” parts may lead to equipment sharing, logistic, and process route inter-crossing. More attention paid to such special problems can greatly help solve cellular layout. Based on material logistic analysis, some key technologies orienting CPL layout are studied from the viewpoint of application: (1) material logistic patterns of CPL are modularized, (2) statistic of logistic flow rate on main transportation channels and between machines is presented, and (3) measures of layout adjustment including equipment adding, equipment substituting, equipment sharing, and cell adjustment under the general objective of minimizing logistic cost are analyzed. A numerical example is given, and guiding results for CPL layout are summarized.     

锯片制造车间设施规划设计

在锯片制造业中,由于其设备的笨重、交货期限限制和制造过程的复杂性,工厂的布局一般不可以轻易更改.设计不周的不良布局将会导致庞大的物料搬运成本,无效的生产以及重新布局时所需要的大量成本.因此,工厂的设施规划已经成为锯片制造商们最关心的问题之一.依据设施规划的原则对锯片车间的重新布局方式作了系统的阐述.     

基于SLP的再生胶厂总体布局设计

基于系统布置设计（SLP）的概念、理论和方法，设计了某再生胶厂的厂区布局。针对该企业的实际情况，运用物流分析和作业单位相互关系图分析各车间之间的物流关系和非物流关系，生成作业单位综合相互关系图。运用单项指标比较法对2个可行的布置方案进行分析比较，获得了较优方案。通过与该企业原厂区的对比分析，新的厂区布置方案提高了该企业的生产效率。     

物料单元化管理在重型机械制造车间的应用

车间设施规划是集设施布局形式与物料搬运方法于一体的系统工程,物料单元化是物流系统的基石,实施物料单元化管理可以有效地提高运输、搬运和装卸效率,降低物流成本。文中介绍了物料单元化在某集团减速机厂的应用,采用物料单元化后车间作业环境和车间物流得到明显的改善。     

Performance Analysis of Intelligent Robust Facility Layout Design

Design of a robust production facility layout with minimum handling cost (MHC) presents an appropriate approach to tackle facility layout problems in a dynamic volatile environment, in which product demands randomly change in each planning period. The objective of the design is to find the robust facility layout with minimum total material handling cost over the entire multi-period planning horizon. This paper proposes a new mathematical model for designing robust machine layout in the stochastic dynamic environment of manufacturing systems using quadratic assignment problem (QAP) formulation. In this investigation, product demands are assumed to be normally distributed random variables with known expected value, variance, and covariance that randomly change from period to period. The proposed model was verified and validated using randomly generated numerical data and benchmark examples. The effect of dependent product demands and varying interest rate on the total cost function of the proposed model has also been investigated. Sensitivity analysis on the proposed model has been performed. Dynamic programming and simulated annealing optimization algorithms were used in solving the modeled example problems.     

生产系统流程再造中设施布局优化研究

分析了不同生产组织方式对设施布局的影响,探讨了传统设施布局模型的不足。在此基础上,提出了在传统总搬运成本最小模型的情况下,增加影响生产流程平衡的约束条件来建立新的目标函数,从而更好地实现总体生产能力最大利用、生产总费用最低的目标。