Analysis on membrane wrinkling using stress extremum method

A stress extremum method is developed based on Von Karman equations for analysis of membrane wrinkles in this paper.A mechanical model is also established for analyzing shear membrane wrinkles.Expressi...     

剪切褶皱薄膜动态特性分析

基于拉格朗日方程建立了具有褶皱薄膜的振动微分方程,基于有限元程序建立了薄膜动态特性的分析流程,对矩形剪切薄膜后屈曲的动态特性进行分析.分析表明:矩形剪切薄膜后屈曲的振动模态与其褶皱构形具有很大的相关性,振动节线的位置处于褶皱波峰的位置,随着模态数的增加,其振动的节线数目依次减少,有更多的褶皱波峰处于振动状态,并且在薄膜...     

Wrinkling analysis of square space membrane structure under corner tension forces

An analytical approach based on the bifurcation theory is presented, in which the wrinkles are treated as the local buckling phenomena of the elastic thin plate with little bending stiffness. The average wrinkling wavelength was determined by incorporating the stress field and the out-of-plane force equilibrium condition of the wrinkled membrane. The wrinkling amplitude was then obtained by associating the characteristics of wrinkling texture with the obtained wrinkling wavelength. Results reveal that the wrinkled pattern exhibits a noticeable difference when the tension load is changed gradually, and two wrinkling styles are identified. The first style occurs for symmetric and moderately asymmetric loading, and it is characterized by small, radial corner wrinkles; the second style occurs for strongly asymmetric loading and is characterized by a deep, large diagonal wrinkle. The analytical predictions on the wrinkling characteristics and the developed rules are validated against wrinkling experimental observations.     

利用织物粘弹性固体模型参数计算折皱回复角

基于纺织材料的粘弹性理论，利用标准固体单元和滑块并联组成的模型，在织物摩擦约束力偶与其弯曲曲率成正比的假设下，对织物的弯曲和折皱回复性能进行了分析，并利用纯弯曲实验得到的数据计算出织物的模型参数，进而计算出了织物在不同时刻的折皱回复角．所得理论值与实测值符合较好。     

Multi-objective optimization of stamping forming process of head using Pareto-based genetic algorithm

To obtain the optimal process parameters of stamping forming, finite element analysis and optimization technique were integrated via transforming multi-objective issue into a single-objective issue. A Pareto-based genetic algorithm was applied to optimizing the head stamping forming process. In the proposed optimal model, fracture, wrinkle and thickness varying are a function of several factors, such as fillet radius, draw-bead position, blank size and blank-holding force. Hence, it is necessary to investigate the relationship between the objective functions and the variables in order to make objective functions varying minimized simultaneously. Firstly, the central composite experimental(CCD) with four factors and five levels was applied, and the experimental data based on the central composite experimental were acquired. Then, the response surface model(RSM) was set up and the results of the analysis of variance(ANOVA) show that it is reliable to predict the fracture, wrinkle and thickness varying functions by the response surface model. Finally, a Pareto-based genetic algorithm was used to find out a set of Pareto front, which makes fracture, wrinkle and thickness varying minimized integrally. A head stamping case indicates that the present method has higher precision and practicability compared with the "trial and error" procedure.     

Deformation of wrinkled membrane inflatable structures under concentrated loads

The axisymmetric deformation of a paraboloidal membrane inflatable structure subjected to a concen-trated load at its apex and a uniform internal pressure was analyzed. The wrinkle angle was obtained according to the membrane theory when wrinkles appeared and determined the wrinkle region. The wrinkled deformation was obtained based on the relaxed energy function. The effects of inflation pressure and concentrated loads on the wrinkle angle were analyzed and the deformation was obtained at the apex of structure. According to the numerical analysis, the shape of deformed meridians with wrinkles was obtained.     

具有防皱功能的多点成形工艺数值模拟

介绍了一种无需压边圈的防皱多点成形方法,与目前常用的多点模具成形方法不同,在防皱多点成形方法中防皱单元与调形单元交错排列,离散的防皱单元在成形区内对板料进行挟持,且能够随板料的变形上下浮动。运用有限元方法对球形曲面在防皱多点成形方式中的成形过程进行了数值模拟,分析了板厚、防皱单元的压力对最大成形曲率的影响,并与多点模具成形进行了对比。研究发现,防皱多点成形方法能够很好地抑制板料在成形过程中的起皱现象。球形曲面采用防皱多点成形方式时能够获得明显大的变形量。板料越薄,防皱多点成形方法所能获得的效果越显著。增大防皱单元的压力能够提高防皱多点成形的防皱能力。     

基于肌肉模型的人脸皮肤皱纹模拟

在传统肌肉模型所实现的人脸表情动画基础上,通过对三维人脸网格模型进行细分并基于肌肉模型进行人脸皱纹模拟,从而提高了表情动画的逼真度和真实感。     

A simple analytical method for deflation prediction of inflatable structures

The static performance of inflatable structures has been well studied and the dynamic deployment simulation has received much attention. However, very few studies focus on its deflation behavior. Although there are several dynamic finite element algorithms that can be applied to the deflation simulation, their computation costs are expensive, especially for large scale structures. In this work, a simple method based on classic thermodynamics and the analytical relationship between air and membrane was proposed to efficiently analyze the air state variables under the condition of ventilation. Combined with failure analysis of static bearing capacity, a fast incremental analytical method was presented to predict both elastic and post wrinkling deflation process of inflatable structures. Comparisons between simplified analysis, dynamic finite element simulation, and a full-scale experimental test are presented and the suitability of this simple method for solving the air state and predicting the deflation behavior of inflatable structures is proved.     

充气膜结构有限元找形的体积微分法

为确定充气膜结构找形分析时,在内压已知情况下膜面张力的大小,根据多元函数泰勒展开公式推导了该类结构充气膨胀的体积微分方程,并由基于U.L.格式的非线性有限单元法,建立了以节点位移和膜面初始张力为未知量的平衡方程,编制了在给定内部气压及膨胀体积情况下的找形分析程序。对球面及圆柱面充气膜结构进行了找形计算,得到的数值结果与由球面及圆柱面的矢高、内压、初始张力相互关系得到的理论解进行比较并得到了验证。计算结果表明,提出的基于有限元的体积微分法可有效的用于充气膜结构的找形分析。     

内外部悬索联合张拉膜结构的设计与分析

为了更好地张拉平面薄膜结构,研究其张拉悬索体系,从理论上证明了要使空间平面薄膜结构处于无褶皱状态,其最优的边界应为圆形.提出一种新型的内外部悬索联合张拉方法,给出了此张拉方法下各部分悬索张力的计算方法,并考查了边界跨数对结构的轴压的影响,发现奇数跨时支撑结构所受的轴压相对较小.通过与传统张拉方法的比较,这种新型膜面张拉方法,在固定膜面尺寸、不固定膜面跨数和不固定膜面尺寸、固定边界单跨跨度这2种情况下,所需拉索的截面面积和质量均相对较小,因此,内外部联合张拉方法不仅更易于折叠打包,而且可在一定程度上减小结构的质量.通过计算发现在支撑结构发生变形时,联合张拉方法可以减缓膜面褶皱的出现.     

基于KL-Galerkin解法的地下水流动随机分析

为处理二维一般区域和具有复杂协方差函数的地下水流动随机问题，需要提出有效数值方法以求解基于摄动理论的谱分析模型。建立了进行K-L（Karhunen-Loeve）展开的Galerkin有限元方法，推导出任意区域K-L展开和Fredholm方程的矩阵形式和变换公式，研究了KL-Galerkin解法的计算性态。将基于KL-Galerkin解法的水流随机模拟得到的结果与解析解法的结果进行了对比。计算结果表明：文中提出的算法能够准确的模拟含水层中水头、含水量等物理量的分布，同时由于引入有限元原理和数值积分，该算法能够求解二维一般区域和任意协方差函数的随机场问题。     

FRP增强砖砌体墙在平面内荷载作用下有限元模型

为研究承受平面内荷载的FRP增强砖砌体墙片的力学行为,建立了分离式平面有限元模型,分别用四节点平面单元,联结单元和膜单元模拟块体,砂浆和FRP.块体材料采用增量弹塑性本构模型以及Mises屈服准则结合最大拉应力准则,砂浆材料采用弹性本构模型以及Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则,FRP采用一维线弹性本构模型,有限元模型的求解采用增量初应力法.最后,利用两个算例对模型进行了验证,计算结果与试验结果的对比表明二者符合程度较好,说明模型是有效的.     

伞形膜结构在冰雹荷载作用下的非线性动力响应

对伞形张拉膜结构在自然灾害等外荷载冲击下的振动反应进行研究,为实际工程膜结构建筑受灾破坏分析提供依据。基于冯·卡门大挠度理论和薄板振动理论,建立伞形张拉膜结构在冰雹荷载作用下的非线性动力响应控制方程。采用贝塞尔函数及欧拉方程求得其振型函数,再运用KBM摄动法和迦辽金法对控制方程求解,得到其动力响应的近似解析解。利用Mathmatics软件对方程进行求解并对求解后的数据进行整理,通过Origin绘图软件画出膜面受迫振动后的时程位移图。采用ANSYS软件建立伞形张拉膜结构的有限元模型;再通过LS-DYNA显示动力学模块对冰雹冲击膜面的动力过程进行模拟,得到膜面动力响应的结果。同理,画出数值模拟结果的位移图,将整理后的理论与数值分析数据结果进行对比分析,结果表明,理论解析和数值分析结果吻合。     

热弹塑性材料的混合边界元法自适应格式

针对建筑工程中的瞬态热弹塑性材料,提出了混合边界元新的处理方法——自适应网格提炼,建立了瞬态热弹塑性问题的基本数学模型,给出了积分的不同形式,根据已有物质面理论划分了不同边界并对不同类型适应条件进行了讨论,分离了混合边界单元各个子项,给出了网提炼的形式及分析方法及对误差的处理手段,最后指出了本文分析的理论意义．     

薄膜二次屈曲行为的数值仿真分析

建立了薄膜二次屈曲分析的数值方法.采用施加面外扰动力的方式在薄膜中引入任意的初始缺陷,分析了薄膜的二次屈曲现象.分析表明,在薄膜的后屈曲过程中,由于初始缺陷的存在,褶皱构形不稳定,出现二次屈曲现象,产生了新的褶皱.后屈曲平衡路径呈现多阶段的特点.在不同的初始缺陷和加载过程的情况下,薄膜的后屈曲过程会出现连续的二次屈曲现象.二次屈曲过程中薄膜可能是稳定的也可能是不稳定的,与初始缺陷及加载过程有关.     

某复杂高层建筑结构弹塑性时程分析及抗震性能评估

近年来框架-核心筒结构在高层建筑中广泛应用,并且由于建筑功能的多样化使得结构体型越来越复杂,因此这就对复杂高层建筑结构分析和设计提出了新的要求.以上海世茂国际广场大楼这一实际工程为背景,对其开展弹塑性时程分析,探究该结构体系在各级地震作用下的抗震性能.首先建立了结构简化分析模型,选择了结构材料应力-应变关系和分析参数;接下来利用CANNY2005程序对模型振动台试验进行模拟计算,考察所采用的力学分析模型和计算参数的正确性,结果表明这些模型和参数能比较准确模拟框架-核心筒结构在地震作用下的变形特征;然后最后对原型结构在各级烈度地震作用下的变形进行分析,具体研究了该结构的层间位移角分布、典型构件变形模式;最后从整体上对结构的抗震性能做出相应的评价.目前该高层建筑业已竣工投入使用.     

管材弯曲回弹对内高压成形的影响及补偿方法

管材数控弯曲后的回弹严重影响试件成形精度,容易导致弯曲管内高压成形过程起皱缺陷．为了补偿回弹,避免内高压成形过程的缺陷,首先建立管材塑性弯曲理论模型以及材料的弹塑性线性强化模型,通过理论解析得到弯曲回弹量表达式;其次对实验过程中不同弯曲角度下的回弹量进行线性回归分析. 拟合结果表明: 理论上对于回弹角的预测是合理的; 同时将理论预测得到的回弹量补偿到管材数控弯曲过程,消除弯曲管内高压成形过程起皱缺陷,得到尺寸精度合格的试件．     

Prediction and Control of Both Wrinkle Limit and Fracture Limit on Cylindrical Cup Deep-Drawing

hased on both the wrinkle model and fracturc model, the wrinkle critical tangent pressure and the fractureon critical radial tensile stress are calculated respectively. The maximum tangent pressure formula in the flange deformation zone and the maximum radial tensile stress formula in the cylinder-wall pass force zone are given, and both theno-wrinkle limitl criterion and no-fracture limit criterion are put froward. The prediction and control criterion anddiagram of both the wrinkle limit and fracture limit on cylindrical cup deep-drawing, the most suitable formingzone and the limit deep-drawing coefficient are obtained. Comparing with present experience formulae and actualproduct's production, this prediction and control are quite accurate.     

低周反复荷载下约束混凝土模型的比较研究

从众多约束混凝土应力-应变规律模型中优选出其中四种,部分改造并添加了滞回关系,将其分别加到基于纤维模型梁柱单元的三维空间框架非线性动力反应分析程序中,最后以R.Park等人的低周反复荷载下压弯柱的试验为校准基础,主要从构件层次进行了模拟、比较,分析了各种混凝土应力-应变关系模型中不同的骨线线取法和滞回规律取法对钢筋混凝土柱性能模拟效果的影响。