PBT／ABS共混体系研究进展

选用适当的ABS对PBT进行改性,不加增容剂也能得到性能较好的共混物,但该共混物的性能对加工条件依赖程度较大,且加工窗口较窄,用含环氧官能团的一类聚合物对PBT／ABS共混体系进行反应增容后的有效地改善PBT的性能,使共混体系相分散好,共混物的形态结构稳定,加工窗口变宽,有利于得到性能稳定的共混物。     

离聚物Surlyn对PBT及PBT／PP共混体系热稳定性的影响及其动力学研究

制备了ＰＢＴ／ＰＰ／Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ的共混样品，用热重分析（ＴＧＡ）、差示热重分析（ＤＴＧ）等方法研究了离聚体Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ对ＰＢＴ及ＰＢＴ／ＰＰ共混体系热稳定性的影响，并进行了动力学处理。结果表明，在所研究的含量范围内（＜１０ＰＨＲ），Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ可提高ＰＢＴ的热稳定性，二者在热降解反应过程中不是彼此独立进行的，而是存在一定的相互作用；ＰＢＴ／ＰＰ共混物呈现一个较简单的热降解过程，Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ的加入可使ＰＢＴ／ＰＰ共混体系热稳定性有所提高，在Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ含量为４～６ＰＨＲ时达到最佳。ＰＢＴ／ＰＰ／Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ三元共混物的动力学参数是：在空气和Ｎ２中的热降解反应级数为１；频律因子为１０２１～１０２３数量级；表观活化能约为２９０ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。     

反应型增容剂PS-co-GMA在PA1010/ABS共混体系中的增容作用

以ＰＳ－ｃｏ－ＧＡＭ作为ＰＡ１０１０／ＡＢＳ共混体系的增容剂,探讨了增容剂的含量对共混体系力学性能的影响,同时,利用熔融共混法制备了ＰＡ１０１０／ＡＢＳ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ共混体系,比较了两种增容方式对共混体系力学性能的影响。     

含有液晶离聚物的PA1010和PP共混物热性能的研究

一种新型的主链聚硅氧烷侧链含有磺酸基团离子的热致液晶离聚物作为PA1010和PP共混体系的增容剂,用DSC、TGA和FTIR对共混体系的热性能进行了研究。结果表明,含有液晶离聚物的共混物的结晶有较大的改善,其中液晶离聚物含量为4%、8%的共混的结晶速率和结晶度高于其它含量的共混物。     

离聚物对PETP/LDPE共混物的力学性能和相形态的影响

本文通过用挤出机合成了低密度聚乙烯接枝马来酸镧(LDPE—g—MALa)离聚物,并考察了该离聚物对PETP/LDPE共混物的力学性能和相形态的影响。研究表明,离聚物通过改善PETP与LDPE之间的相容性,从而大幅度提高了共混物的冲击强度。     

含磺酸基近晶A型液晶离聚物的合成与表征

采用界面缩聚的方法,以联苯二酚、异山梨醇和癸二酰氯为主要原料,合成了含磺酸基热致性主链液晶离聚物。利用红外光谱分析（IR）对其结构进行了表征,采用偏光显微镜（POM）、和广角X射线（X-ray）等手段对其液晶性能进行了表征。结果表明：该离聚物为近晶A型液晶。     

溶液法液晶离聚物的制备及表征

以对苯二酚、复合二元酰氯、4-羟基萘偶氮对苯磺酸钠为反应基元,采用溶液缩聚法合成液晶离聚物(LCI)。用红外光谱仪、偏光显微镜、广角X射线衍射仪及热重分析仪对产物进行了分析,结果表明:在波数为1213,1017cm-1处出现了磺酸基团的特征峰,说明离子基团已成功引入到液晶聚合物中,合成了目标产物;LCI的熔点为197℃,相对分子质量为5607,具有热致液晶性,液晶织构为向列型,其清亮点高于分解温度,具有较宽的液晶态温度范围;LCI具有良好的热稳定性,初始分解温度可达296℃,热失重速率仅为0.71%/℃。     

PET/离聚物共混体系的结晶行为研究

利用WAXD对聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）与高聚物Surlyn和Aclyn系列组成的共混体系的结晶行为进行了研究。结果表明，离聚物先于PET结晶，两者分别以各自的晶型出现，没有形成混晶、结晶时两相间有相互干扰;在所研究的范围内，PET／离聚物Na盐井混体系结晶度与纯PET的基本相同，PET／离聚物Zn盐井混体系的结晶度大于纯PET的结晶度，且离聚物含量的变化对其共混体系的结晶度的影响不明显。     

离聚物增容PET/TLCP共混物的研究及应用

研究了聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)/热致液晶聚合物(TLCP)原位复合共混物的流变行为、相容性、熔体结晶、耐磨性和微观结构.结果表明,TLCP的加入降低了共混物的扭矩,而增容剂离聚物的加入却提高了扭矩;少量TLCP的加入提高了共混物的结晶速率和结晶度,但是离聚物的加入反而降低了其结晶速率和结晶度;TLCP的加入能提高PET的耐磨性,离聚物的加入使PET/TLCP共混物的耐磨性进一步提高,离聚物的质量分数为5%时,PET/TLCP共混物的耐磨性最佳;TLCP在PET中能原位形成微纤结构,离聚物加入使微纤变小,分布更均匀;利用离聚物增容PET/TLCP所制备的工业丝编织成的造纸网,其使用寿命延长了20%,经济效益显著.     

Effect of ABS grafting degree and compatibilization on the properties of PBT/ABS blends

Blends of PBT/ABS and PBT/ABS compatibilized with styrene‐acrylonitrile‐glycidyl methacrylate (SAG) copolymer were prepared by melt blending method. Grafting degree (GD) of ABS influences the morphology and mechanical properties of PBT/ABS blends. ABS can disperse in PBT matrix uniformly and PBT/ABS blends fracture in ductile mode when ABS grafting degree is more than 44.8%, otherwise, agglomeration takes place and PBT/ABS blends fracture in brittle way. On the other hand, the grafting degree of ABS has no obvious influence on the morphology of PBT/ABS blends and PBT/ABS blends fracture in ductile mode when SAG is incorporated since the compatibilization effect. However, PBT/SAG/ABS blends display much lower impact strength values comparing with PBT/ABS when the blends fracture in ductile way. Side reactions in PBT/SAG/ABS blends were analyzed and which were the main reason for the decrease of impact strength of PBT blends. Tensile tests show that the tensile strength and tensile modulus of PBT blends decrease with the increase of ABS grafting degree due to the higher effective volume. PBT/SAG/ABS blends display much higher tensile properties than PBT/ABS blends since the compatibilization effect. POLYM. COMPOS., 28:484–492, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Miscibility enhancement of PP/PBT blends with a side‐chain liquid crystalline ionomer

Side‐chain liquid crystalline ionomer (SLCI) containing sulfonic acid groups with a polymethylhydrosiloxane main‐chain was used in the blends of polypropylene (PP) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) as a compatibilizer. The crystalline behavior, morphological, and mechanical properties of the blends were investigated in detail by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing optical microscope (POM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Revealed by the shift of T_m in DSC thermogram and the shift of the absorbed peak in FTIR spectra, specific interaction led to stronger interfacial adhesion between these phases, which resulted in much finer dispersion of the minor PBT phase in PP matrix. The SLCI containing sulfonate acid groups acted as physical crosslinking agent along the interface, which compatibilized PP/PBT blends. The mechanical property of the blends including 4 wt % SLCI contents was better than that of other SLCI contents in the blends. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

On the mechanism of compatibilization of polyolefin/liquid crystalline polymer blends with graft copolymers

The compatibilization mechanism of some compatibilizers for blends of polyolefins with a liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) was studied. Polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) were blended with a semirigid LCP (SBH) in a batch mixer, either with and without compatibilizers. The latter were two commercially available samples of functionalized polyolefins, that is, a PE‐g‐MA (HDM) and a PP‐g‐AA (Polybond 1001) copolymer and some purposely synthesized PE‐g‐LCP and PP‐g‐LCP copolymers. Microtomed films of the binary and the ternary blends were annealed at 240°C on the hot stage of a polarizing microscope and the changes undergone by their morphology were recorded as a function of time. The results indicate that the compatibilizers lower the interfacial tension, thereby providing an improvement of the minor phase dispersion. In addition to this, the rate of the coalescence caused by the high‐temperature treatment is appreciably reduced in the systems compatibilized with the PE–SBH and PP–SBH graft copolymers. Among the commercial compatibilizers, only Polybond 1001 displayed an effect comparable to that of the above copolymers. HDM improved the morphology of the as‐prepared PE blends, but failed to grant sufficient morphological stabilization against annealing‐induced coarsening. The results are discussed with reference to the chemical structure of the different compatibilizers. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 3027–3034, 2000     

Phase morphology development during processing of compatibilized and uncompatibilized PBT/ABS blends

The development of the multiphase morphology of uncompatibilized blends of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene terpolymer (ABS) and PBT/ABS blends compatibilized with methyl‐methacrylate glycidyl‐methacrylate (MMA‐GMA) reactive copolymers during compounding in a twin‐screw extruder and subsequent injection molding was investigated. Uncompatibilized PBT/ABS 60/40 (wt %) and compatibilized PBT/ABS/MMA‐GMA with 2 and 5 wt % of MMA‐GMA showed refined cocontinuous morphologies at the front end of the extruder, which coarsened towards the extruder outlet. Coarsening in uncompatibilized PBT/ABS blends is much more pronounced than in the compatibilized PBT/ABS/MMA‐GMA equivalents and decreases with increasing amounts of the MMA‐GMA. For both systems, significant refinement on the phase morphology was found to occur after the blends pass through the extruder die. This phenomenon was correlated to the capacity of the die in promoting particles break‐up due to the extra elongational stresses developed at the matrix entrance. Injection molding induces coarsening of the ABS domains in the case of uncompatibilized PBT/ABS blends, while the reactive blend kept its refined phase morphology. Therefore, the compatibilization process of PBT/ABS/MMA‐GMA blends take place progressively leading to a further refinement of the phase morphology in the latter steps, owing to the slow reaction rate relative to epoxide functions and the carboxyl/hydroxyl groups. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 102–110, 2007     

Thermal,morphological, and mechanical characteristics of polypropylene/polybutylene terephthalate blends with a liquid crystalline polymer or ionomer

Thermotropic side‐chain liquid crystalline polymer (SLCP) and corresponding side‐chain liquid crystalline ionomer (SLCI) containing sulfonate acid were used in the blends of polypropylene (PP) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) by melt‐mixing respectively, and thermal behavior, morphological, and mechanical properties of two series of blends were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy, and tensile measurement. Compared with the immiscible phase behavior of PP/PBT/SLCP blends, SLCI containing sulfonate acid groups act as a physical compatibilizer along the interface and compatibilize PP/PBT blends. FTIR analyses identify specific intermolecular interaction between sulfonate acid groups and PBT, and then result in stronger interfacial adhesion between these phases and much finer dispersion of minor PBT phase in PP matrix. The mechanical property of the blend containing 4.0 wt % SLCI was better than that of the other blends. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 4712–4719, 2006     

Compatibilization by main‐chain thermotropic liquid crystalline ionomer of blends of PBT/PP

The miscibility and mechanical properties of the blends of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and polypropylene (PP) with a liquid crystalline ionomer (LCI) containing a sulfonate group on the terminal unit as a compatibilizer were assessed. SEM and optical microscopy (POM) were used to examine the morphology of blends of PBT/PP compatibilized by LCI. DSC and TGA were used to discuss the thermal properties of PBT/PP blends with LCI and without LCI. The experimental results revealed that the LCI component affect, to a great extent, the miscibility and crystallization process and mechanical property of PBT/PP blends. The fact is that increasing LCI did improve miscibility of PBT/PP blends and the addition of 1% LCI to the PBT/PP blends increased the ultimate tensile strength and the ultimate elongation. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 1110–1117, 2002     

Mechanical properties and morphology of LCP/ABS blends compatibilized with a styrene–maleic anhydride copolymer

A co‐polyester liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) was melt blended with an acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymer (ABS). LCP fibrils are formed and a distinct skin/core morphology is observed in the injection moulded samples. At higher LCP concentration (50 wt%), phase inversion occurs, where the dispersed LCP phase becomes a co‐continuous phase. While the tensile strength and Young's modulus remain unchanged with increasing LCP content up to 30 wt% LCP, a significant enhancement of the modulus at 50 wt% LCP is observed due to the formation of co‐continuous morphology. The blend modulus is lower than the values predicted by the rule of mixtures, suggesting a poor interface between the LCP droplets and ABS matrix. A copolymer of styrene and maleic anhydride (SMA) was added in the LCP/ABS blends during melt blending. It is observed that SMA has a compatibilizing effect on the blend system and an optimum SMA content exists for mechanical properties enhancement. SMA improves the interfacial adhesion, whereas excess of SMA reduces the LCP fibrillation. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

ABS/PBT/弹性体三元共混合金的研究

研究了弹性体NBR和SBS对ABS／PBT共混合金体系的力学性能和熔体质量流动速率的影响,并对共混合金的相容性进行了研究。结果表明：加入弹性体NBR后,共混合金在保持较好刚性的同时,断裂伸长率和韧性得到了较大的改善。当NBR用量为20份时,共混合金的断裂伸长率提高了313％,冲击强度提高了54％;SBS对ABS／PBT共混合金的增韧效果不明显,加入弹性体后,ABS／PBT共混合金体系的粘度增大,MFR降低,但仍明显好于纯ABS。     

阻燃PBT/ABS合金增韧改性的研究

利用双螺杆挤出机制备了阻燃PBT/ABS系列合金,探讨了甲基丙烯酸甲酯/丁二烯/苯乙烯共聚物(MBS)和乙烯/丙烯酸甲酯/甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯无规三元共聚物(EMA-GMA)对阻燃PBT/ABS合金的增韧和增容作用,采用力学测试方法、差示扫描量热分析仪(DSC)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了MBS和EMA-GMA对阻燃PBT/ABS合金的力学性能和相容性的影响。结果表明:在阻燃PBT/ABS合金(80/20)体系中,加入6%MBS,合金的的缺口冲击强度为9.8 kJ/m2,是没加MBS时的1.5倍左右,而EMA-GMA与MBS复合后,具有一定的协同效应,当EMA-GMA、MBS质量分数分别为4%、4%时,合金的拉伸强度为36.5 MPa,1.6 mm阻燃等级为V-0,缺口冲击强度达到13.5 kJ/m2。     

ABS/PBT合金的研究进展及其在汽车领域的应用

综述了国外有关ABS／PBT合金的商品化进展及其应用，并介绍了上海锦湖日丽塑料有限公司对于ABS／PBT合金系列产品的研制工作。讨论了合金形态与性能的关系及组分的相容性，对ABS／PBT合金的发展前景作了描绘。