PBT／ABS共混体系研究进展

选用适当的ABS对PBT进行改性,不加增容剂也能得到性能较好的共混物,但该共混物的性能对加工条件依赖程度较大,且加工窗口较窄,用含环氧官能团的一类聚合物对PBT／ABS共混体系进行反应增容后的有效地改善PBT的性能,使共混体系相分散好,共混物的形态结构稳定,加工窗口变宽,有利于得到性能稳定的共混物。     

离聚物Surlyn对PBT及PBT／PP共混体系热稳定性的影响及其动力学研究

制备了ＰＢＴ／ＰＰ／Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ的共混样品，用热重分析（ＴＧＡ）、差示热重分析（ＤＴＧ）等方法研究了离聚体Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ对ＰＢＴ及ＰＢＴ／ＰＰ共混体系热稳定性的影响，并进行了动力学处理。结果表明，在所研究的含量范围内（＜１０ＰＨＲ），Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ可提高ＰＢＴ的热稳定性，二者在热降解反应过程中不是彼此独立进行的，而是存在一定的相互作用；ＰＢＴ／ＰＰ共混物呈现一个较简单的热降解过程，Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ的加入可使ＰＢＴ／ＰＰ共混体系热稳定性有所提高，在Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ含量为４～６ＰＨＲ时达到最佳。ＰＢＴ／ＰＰ／Ｓｕｒｌｙｎ三元共混物的动力学参数是：在空气和Ｎ２中的热降解反应级数为１；频律因子为１０２１～１０２３数量级；表观活化能约为２９０ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。     

反应型增容剂PS-co-GMA在PA1010/ABS共混体系中的增容作用

以ＰＳ－ｃｏ－ＧＡＭ作为ＰＡ１０１０／ＡＢＳ共混体系的增容剂,探讨了增容剂的含量对共混体系力学性能的影响,同时,利用熔融共混法制备了ＰＡ１０１０／ＡＢＳ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ共混体系,比较了两种增容方式对共混体系力学性能的影响。     

含有液晶离聚物的PA1010和PP共混物热性能的研究

一种新型的主链聚硅氧烷侧链含有磺酸基团离子的热致液晶离聚物作为PA1010和PP共混体系的增容剂,用DSC、TGA和FTIR对共混体系的热性能进行了研究。结果表明,含有液晶离聚物的共混物的结晶有较大的改善,其中液晶离聚物含量为4%、8%的共混的结晶速率和结晶度高于其它含量的共混物。     

LLDPE-g-PGMA对PBT/LLDPE共混物的增容作用

用线性低密度聚乙烯接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（LLDPE－g-PGMA,简称LG）作为反应型增容剂,来改善聚对苯二甲酸本二酯（PBT）与LLDPE共混物的相容性,考察了LG的加入对PBT端羧基含量的影响,以及LG的加入量对不同配比共混体系力学性能的影响,并用扫描显微镜（SEM）对共混物形态结构进行了表征。研究结果表明,LG的加入降低了共混物中PBT的端羧基含量,改善了共混物中两相的相容性,使共混物的冲击强度提高58％以上。     

离聚物对PETP/LDPE共混物的力学性能和相形态的影响

本文通过用挤出机合成了低密度聚乙烯接枝马来酸镧(LDPE—g—MALa)离聚物,并考察了该离聚物对PETP/LDPE共混物的力学性能和相形态的影响。研究表明,离聚物通过改善PETP与LDPE之间的相容性,从而大幅度提高了共混物的冲击强度。     

含磺酸基近晶A型液晶离聚物的合成与表征

采用界面缩聚的方法,以联苯二酚、异山梨醇和癸二酰氯为主要原料,合成了含磺酸基热致性主链液晶离聚物。利用红外光谱分析（IR）对其结构进行了表征,采用偏光显微镜（POM）、和广角X射线（X-ray）等手段对其液晶性能进行了表征。结果表明：该离聚物为近晶A型液晶。     

溶液法液晶离聚物的制备及表征

以对苯二酚、复合二元酰氯、4-羟基萘偶氮对苯磺酸钠为反应基元,采用溶液缩聚法合成液晶离聚物(LCI)。用红外光谱仪、偏光显微镜、广角X射线衍射仪及热重分析仪对产物进行了分析,结果表明:在波数为1213,1017cm-1处出现了磺酸基团的特征峰,说明离子基团已成功引入到液晶聚合物中,合成了目标产物;LCI的熔点为197℃,相对分子质量为5607,具有热致液晶性,液晶织构为向列型,其清亮点高于分解温度,具有较宽的液晶态温度范围;LCI具有良好的热稳定性,初始分解温度可达296℃,热失重速率仅为0.71%/℃。     

PET/离聚物共混体系的结晶行为研究

利用WAXD对聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）与高聚物Surlyn和Aclyn系列组成的共混体系的结晶行为进行了研究。结果表明，离聚物先于PET结晶，两者分别以各自的晶型出现，没有形成混晶、结晶时两相间有相互干扰;在所研究的范围内，PET／离聚物Na盐井混体系结晶度与纯PET的基本相同，PET／离聚物Zn盐井混体系的结晶度大于纯PET的结晶度，且离聚物含量的变化对其共混体系的结晶度的影响不明显。     

On the mechanism of compatibilization of polyolefin/liquid crystalline polymer blends with graft copolymers

The compatibilization mechanism of some compatibilizers for blends of polyolefins with a liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) was studied. Polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) were blended with a semirigid LCP (SBH) in a batch mixer, either with and without compatibilizers. The latter were two commercially available samples of functionalized polyolefins, that is, a PE‐g‐MA (HDM) and a PP‐g‐AA (Polybond 1001) copolymer and some purposely synthesized PE‐g‐LCP and PP‐g‐LCP copolymers. Microtomed films of the binary and the ternary blends were annealed at 240°C on the hot stage of a polarizing microscope and the changes undergone by their morphology were recorded as a function of time. The results indicate that the compatibilizers lower the interfacial tension, thereby providing an improvement of the minor phase dispersion. In addition to this, the rate of the coalescence caused by the high‐temperature treatment is appreciably reduced in the systems compatibilized with the PE–SBH and PP–SBH graft copolymers. Among the commercial compatibilizers, only Polybond 1001 displayed an effect comparable to that of the above copolymers. HDM improved the morphology of the as‐prepared PE blends, but failed to grant sufficient morphological stabilization against annealing‐induced coarsening. The results are discussed with reference to the chemical structure of the different compatibilizers. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 3027–3034, 2000     

ABS/PBT/弹性体三元共混合金的研究

研究了弹性体NBR和SBS对ABS／PBT共混合金体系的力学性能和熔体质量流动速率的影响,并对共混合金的相容性进行了研究。结果表明：加入弹性体NBR后,共混合金在保持较好刚性的同时,断裂伸长率和韧性得到了较大的改善。当NBR用量为20份时,共混合金的断裂伸长率提高了313％,冲击强度提高了54％;SBS对ABS／PBT共混合金的增韧效果不明显,加入弹性体后,ABS／PBT共混合金体系的粘度增大,MFR降低,但仍明显好于纯ABS。     

阻燃PBT/ABS合金增韧改性的研究

利用双螺杆挤出机制备了阻燃PBT/ABS系列合金,探讨了甲基丙烯酸甲酯/丁二烯/苯乙烯共聚物(MBS)和乙烯/丙烯酸甲酯/甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯无规三元共聚物(EMA-GMA)对阻燃PBT/ABS合金的增韧和增容作用,采用力学测试方法、差示扫描量热分析仪(DSC)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了MBS和EMA-GMA对阻燃PBT/ABS合金的力学性能和相容性的影响。结果表明:在阻燃PBT/ABS合金(80/20)体系中,加入6%MBS,合金的的缺口冲击强度为9.8 kJ/m2,是没加MBS时的1.5倍左右,而EMA-GMA与MBS复合后,具有一定的协同效应,当EMA-GMA、MBS质量分数分别为4%、4%时,合金的拉伸强度为36.5 MPa,1.6 mm阻燃等级为V-0,缺口冲击强度达到13.5 kJ/m2。     

ABS/PBT合金的研究进展及其在汽车领域的应用

综述了国外有关ABS／PBT合金的商品化进展及其应用,并介绍了上海锦湖日丽塑料有限公司对于ABS／PBT合金系列产品的研制工作。讨论了合金形态与性能的关系及组分的相容性,对ABS／PBT合金的发展前景作了描绘。     

ABS共混物界面形态研究方法

对研究ABS及ABS共混物界面形态方法进行了比较详细的论述，并对拟采用的研究ABS共混物界面的方法进行了分别论述。     

硅油粘度对ABS／硅油混合物性能的影响

通过硅油粘度对ABS／硅油混合物性能的影响进行比较深入的研究,从而最终确定了制作门内基板、门立柱等轿车内装件用ABS／硅油混合物专用料所使用的硅油粘度范围。     

Improvement of mechanical properties for PP/PS blends by in situ compatibilization

The effect of the in situ compatibilization on the mechanical properties of PP/PS blends was investigated. The application of Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction to the PP/PS-blend compatibilization was assessed. Styrene/AlCl₃ was used as catalyst system. The graft copolymer (PP-g-PS) formed at the interphase showed relatively high emulsifying strength. Scission reactions, occurring in parallel with grafting, were verified for PP and PS at high catalyst concentration, but no crosslinking reactions were detected. Tensile tests were performed on dog-bone specimens of the blends. Both elongation at break and toughness increased with catalyst concentration. At 0.7% AlCl₃, a maximum was reached, which amounted to five times the value of the property for the uncompatibilized blend. At higher catalyst concentrations these properties decreased along with the PP molecular weight due to chain-scission reactions. On the other hand, the tensile strength did not change with the catalyst concentration. The in situ compatibilized blends showed considerable improvement in mechanical properties, but were adversely affected by chain scissions at high catalyst contents.     

A study on blends of liquid crystalline copolyesters with polycarbonate. III. Mechanical properties of compatibilized blends

Blends of liquid crystalline poly(oxybenzoate-co-oxynaphthalate) (Vectra A950) and polycarbonate (PC) were prepared by adding a compatibilizer to the two polymers in a melt-blending process. The compatibilizer was based on controlled transesterification between synthesized poly(oxybenzoate-co-terephthalate) (40/60) and PC. The compatibilizer exhibited birefringence, and its thermal property was analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry. The maximum increase in tensile modulus and tensile strength of these compatibilized Vectra blends were 24% and 54%, respectively, as compared with those of binary Vectra blend without compatibilizer resulting from an injection-molding process. The tensile properties of the compatibilized Vectra blends decreased once the concentration of the compatibilizer exceeded 2 phr. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 63: 1527–1533, 1997     

Crystallization and compatibilization of polypropylene–liquid crystalline polyester blends

A liquid crystalline polyester, LC3000, has been blended with polypropylene. These polymers form an incompatible and immiscible blend. Polypropylene grafted with epoxy via glycidyl methacrylate forms an effective compatibilizer. The dispersed liquid crystalline polyester particle size was decreased when the compatibilizer was used. The polyester influenced the morphology of the polypropylene continuous phase by increasing the nucleation, and the effect was enhanced when the compatibilizer was present. This was demonstrated using continuous cooling DSC where the crystallization temperatures were increased. Isothermal crystallization showed decreased crystallization half‐times with the polyester present, and these were further reduced with compatibilizer. Avrami analysis showed that the exponent values increased by an average of 0.1–0.2, so nucleation was assisted by the LC3000, and the rate coefficients were increased. The continuous cooling and isothermal DSC measurements provided complementary results. Optical microscopy showed that the spherulite size of the polypropylene was reduced. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 2229–2236, 2000     

Interfacial compatibilization for PSF/TLCP blends by a modified polysulfone

Maleic anhydride-grafted polysulfone (PSF-g-MAH) was prepared by copolymerization in a solution. Compared to polysulfone, the surface tension and its polar fraction of PSF-g-MAH were increased by modification. The PSF-g-MAH was used to compatibilize polysulfone (PSF)/thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (TLCP) (Vectra B950) blends. DRS-FTIR investigations showed that the special interaction between PSF and TLCP phases was enhanced due to the incorporation of PSF-g-MAH. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and PLM studies revealed that some chemical reactions had occurred between PSF-g-MAH and TLCP components, which produced PSF-VB copolymers. It is suggested that the improvement of compatibility should be attributed to some interactions including both chemical and physical ones. The improvement of compatibility was also confirmed by DMA and TGA analysis. Morphological observation showed that the addition of compatibilizer significantly reduced the size of the dispersed TLCP phase, and in case of injection molding, PSF-g-MAH promoted the TLCP fibrillation and improved their dispersion within the matrix. The processabilities of PSF/TLCP blends before and after compatibilization were investigated. It was found that the melt viscosities were increased by the addition of PSF-g-MAH, which also gave an evidence of the occurrence of interaction between phases.