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三种纤维改性超高分子量聚乙烯复合材料的力学性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以未处理和偶联剂KH550处理的C纤维、SiC纤维和Al2O3纤维为填充材料,以超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)为基体,用模压成型法制备了三种纤维改性UHMWPE复合材料,对复合材料的硬度、弯曲强度、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率进行了实验研究,用光学显微镜观察分析了拉伸断面形貌。结果表明,未处理的C纤维、SiC纤维和Al2O3纤维改性UHMWPE复合材料硬度较纯UHMWPE分别提高了11.76%、21%和6%。经KH550处理的三种纤维改性UHMWPE复合材料弯曲强度和拉伸强度均优于未处理纤维的复合材料,已处理的SiC纤维/UHMWPE复合材料弯曲强度和拉伸强度提高较大。KH550处理的三种纤维与UHMWPE基体界面粘接紧密,未处理纤维与UHMWPE基体粘接较差。 相似文献
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从工程化应用角度研究了常压空气等离子体改性对超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维/环氧树脂复合材料界面性能的调节机制,主要分析了不同处理时间对UHMWPE纤维表面状态变化的影响,及其对UHMWPE/环氧树脂复合材料界面黏结性能的影响规律。采用SEM及纤维吸水测试研究了等离子体处理对UHMWPE纤维表面物理形貌及纤维表面浸润性能的影响,分别以拉伸和弯曲的方式,通过纤维表面脱黏力及层合板层间剪切强度对UHMWPE/环氧树脂复合材料的界面黏结性能进行表征。结果表明,仅经过4 s的空气等离子体处理之后,UHMWPE纤维表面脱黏力的提高幅度为84.0%,UHMWPE/环氧树脂复合材料层合板的层间剪切强度由未处理的7.01 MPa提高至15.81 MPa,增幅高达125.5%。研究发现,通过常压空气等离子体处理改变了UHMWPE纤维的表面状态,可以显著高效地调节UHMWPE/环氧树脂复合材料的界面性能,为扩大该材料的后续工程化应用提供了理论基础。 相似文献
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《材料研究学报》2015,(11)
采用紫外接枝和与芳纶纤维混杂的方式改善UHMWPE纤维的缺点,详细研究了接枝单体种类、浓度和纤维混杂等对UHMWPE纤维/环氧树脂复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,以丙酮为溶剂采用一步接枝法在紫外光辐射下将丙烯酸接枝到UHMWPE纤维表面上,可显著提高UHMWPE纤维增强的复合材料的弯曲强度、冲击强度和拉伸强度;随着接枝单体浓度的提高弯曲强度和冲击强度没有明显的变化,而拉伸强度不断提高。同时,将UHMWPE纤维与芳纶纤维混杂可提高其与树脂基体生成的复合材料的耐热性。UHMWPE纤维与芳纶纤维按1∶1的质量比混杂,混杂纤维增强的复合材料在90℃的形变量比UHMWPE纤维增强的复合材料减少66.7%,显著提高了复合材料的耐热性。 相似文献
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为增强超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维与环氧树脂(EP)基体之间的界面粘结强度,采用重铬酸钾溶液对UHMWPE纤维进行表面改性并制备UHMWPE纤维/EP复合材料。结果表明,UHMWPE纤维经液相氧化后表面刻蚀痕迹明显,表面粗糙度明显增加,结晶度增加了11.3%,与乙二醇的接触角减小了14.12°。与纯环氧树脂相比,纤维含量为0.4%的未改性UHMWPE纤维/EP复合材料的拉伸强度降低18.04%,纤维含量为0.6%的液相氧化改性UHMWPE纤维/EP复合材料的拉伸强度降低51.55%,未改性UHMWPE(纤维含量0.5%)和液相氧化改性UHMWPE(纤维含量0.4%)纤维/EP复合材料的冲击强度分别提升了3.29%和4.39%。当纤维含量为0.3%时,液相氧化改性UHMWPE纤维/EP复合材料的弯曲强度比纯环氧树脂增加6.55%,比未改性UHMWPE纤维/EP复合材料增加19%。当纤维含量由0增大到0.5%时,改性和未改性UHMWPE纤维/EP复合材料的摩擦系数先增加后减小。 相似文献
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链延长的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维(UHMWPE)在环氧树脂、乙烯基酯类和聚乙烯基体复合材料中的应用,不仅提高了材料的比强度和韧性,而且使其它性能得到改善。其突出的抗冲击性和介电性赋予它在防护屏蔽、电子和结构材料方面应用的巨大潜力。Allied-Signal公司开发的UHMWPE纤维的密度只相当于芳酰胺纤维的2/3,而实验表明,它的冲击性能比芳酰胺纤维高25%。UHMWPE纤维复合材料能有效地吸收低速冲击能量,可将冲击所造成的破坏降低到最低限度。 相似文献
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研究了两种高强合成纤维在工程用纤维/水泥复合材料制备过程中的适用性,其中,芳纶纤维的表面为亲水性,超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维的表面为憎水性。研究结果表明:工程用芳纶纤维/水泥复合材料拉伸破坏过程中无应变硬化能力且表现为单裂纹破坏现象;工程用UHMWPE纤维/水泥复合材料拉伸破坏过程中表现出良好的应变硬化能力和多裂纹开裂特性。因此,两种纤维相比,UHMWPE纤维适宜于工程用纤维/水泥复合材料的制备。随着水胶比的降低,工程用UHMWPE纤维/水泥复合材料抗拉强度增大,但应变硬化能力降低,因此,在制备工程用UHMWPE纤维/水泥复合材料的过程中,应协调纤维抗拉强度和基体与纤维之间界面过渡区的品质。 相似文献
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以超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维为原料,在电脑横机上编织出较理想的UHMWPE纤维纬平针、罗纹、畦编针织结构织物.采用VARTM工艺、(0°,90°)3s铺层方式成功制备了六层纬平针、六层罗纹以及六层畦编UHMWPE纤维纬编针织复合材料板.对三种复合材料板的弯曲性能及其影响因素进行研究,比较并分析其弯曲应力-挠度变化曲线和破坏形式.结果表明:三种UHMWPE纤维纬编针织结构增强复合材料的弯曲应力-挠度曲线具有非线性特征,曲线均类似于抛物线;其中,纬平针织结构复合材料的弯曲强度最大,罗纹次之,畦编最小;承受弯曲破坏的主要是树脂基体,没有出现增强体断裂、撕开等现象,表明由高强聚乙烯纤维制成的增强体材料具有较强的韧性与较高的强力. 相似文献
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以弹道防护用超高分子量聚乙烯(Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene,UHMWPE)纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料作为研究对象,通过热压工艺制备单向正交结构的复合材料层压板。基于自主设计的拉伸试验装置,开展UHMWPE纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料在宏观尺度和准细观尺度上的面内拉伸试验,研究其面内拉伸力学性能及失效模式。研究结果显示:弹道防护用UHMWPE纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料在准细观尺度上的面内拉伸力学性能是其本征性能;随着偏轴角度的增加,拉伸断裂强度呈现指数型下降,这是由于失效模式由纤维的拉伸断裂破坏转变为纤维-树脂基体的界面破坏;此外,其在宏观尺度上的拉伸破坏强度比在准细观尺度上的拉伸断裂强度降低了50.52%,这是由于宏观尺度上的面内拉伸力学响应是其面内拉伸变形和层间分层破坏的耦合结果,即层压板的叠层效应。 相似文献
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The viscoelastic characteristics of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibres are investigated, in terms of creep-induced recovery strain and force output, to evaluate their potential for producing a novel form of prestressed composite. Composite production involves subjecting fibres to tensile creep, the applied load being removed before moulding the fibres into a resin matrix. After matrix curing, the viscoelastically strained fibres impart compressive stresses to the surrounding matrix, to produce a viscoelastically prestressed polymeric matrix composite (VPPMC). Previous research has demonstrated that nylon fibre-based VPPMCs can improve mechanical properties without needing to increase mass or section dimensions. The viability of UHMWPE fibre-based VPPMCs is demonstrated through flexural stiffness tests. Compared with control (unstressed) counterparts, these VPPMCs typically show increases of 20–40 % in flexural modulus. Studies on the viscoelastic characteristics indicate that these fibres can release mechanical energy over a long-timescale and fibre core–skin interactions may have an important role. 相似文献
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采用复合处理工艺对三维混杂超高分子量聚乙烯纤维/碳纤维编织体进行表面处理, 通过RTM工艺制备了环氧树脂基混杂复合材料(UHMWPE/CF/ER), 并研究了其力学性能及混杂效应。结果表明, 在纤维总体积分数一定的情况下, 随着超高分子量聚乙烯纤维/碳纤维混杂比的减小, 复合材料的弯曲强度、 弯曲模量及压缩强度增大, 而其纵向剪切强度及冲击韧性降低。三维编织混杂复合材料的断裂机制由混杂纤维的混杂比及其性质决定, 通过调节混杂比可实现对复合材料力学性能的有效调控。 相似文献
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During the last few years, natural fibres have received much more attention than ever before from the research community all
over the world. These natural fibres offer a number of advantages over traditional synthetic fibres. In the present communication,
a study on the synthesis and mechanical properties of new series of green composites involving Hibiscus sabdariffa fibre as a reinforcing material in urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin based polymer matrix has been reported. Static mechanical
properties of randomly oriented intimately mixed Hibiscus sabdariffa fibre reinforced polymer composites such as tensile, compressive and wear properties were investigated as a function of fibre
loading. Initially urea-formaldehyde resin prepared was subjected to evaluation of its optimum mechanical properties. Then
reinforcing of the resin with Hibiscus sabdariffa fibre was accomplished in three different forms: particle size, short fibre and long fibre by employing optimized resin.
Present work reveals that mechanical properties such as tensile strength, compressive strength and wear resistance etc of
the urea-formaldehyde resin increases to considerable extent when reinforced with the fibre. Thermal (TGA/DTA/DTG) and morphological
studies (SEM) of the resin and biocomposites have also been carried out. 相似文献
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J. Nitanda K. Wakasa H. Matsui Y. Kasahara M. Yamaki A. Matsui 《Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine》1991,2(2):101-105
The mechanical properties at transverse deflection, bending and impact tests were examined in three fibre reinforced resins including reinforcing materials such as inorganic glass fibre and cloth, organic Kevlar fibre and combined fibres. Both heat-cured and microwave-cured reinforced materials had almost the similar pattern to the changes in the mechanical properties, as compared with those in visible light-cured reinforced resin. Their reinforcing materials increased modulus and impact energy by about two times as compared with the bases. The visible light-cured resin was, however, not effective as a base resin when reinforced with fibres tested here, indicating that the transverse deflection and modulus values in light-cured reinforced resin were similar to that in the plain base resin. 相似文献
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《Composites》1994,25(8):797-805
The thermal residual microstresses generated during the processing of unidirectional carbon fibre/epoxy resin composites are predicted, assuming regular fibre arrays. Stresses are determined in unit cells covering a range of fibre coordinations, fibre diameters, minimum interfibre distances and fibre volume fractions. The method of calculation involves the finite element method. Elastic material behaviour with temperature-dependent epoxy resin properties are assumed, together with transversely isotropic carbon fibres. Of the parameters studied, the greatest effect on the maximum principal stress was produced by the minimum thickness of epoxy resin between the fibres and the ratio of this thickness to the fibre radius. Values of the maximum principal stress were found in some cases to exceed the tensile strength of the epoxy resin. However, there was little experimental evidence to support this prediction. Cracks occurred only to a limited extent and occurred around the fibre/epoxy interface, rather than between the fibres, as predicted by the model. Reasons suggested for this discrepancy include relatively weak fibre/epoxy resin bonds and limitations on the accuracy of the stress generation model. Methods by which the model may be improved are discussed. 相似文献
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The objective of this study is to compare the mechanical and water absorption properties of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) fibre reinforced laminates made of three different resin systems. The use of different resin systems is considered so that potentially complex and expensive fibre treatments are avoided. The resin systems used include a polyester, a vinyl ester and an epoxy. Laminates of 15%, 22.5% and 30% fibre volume fraction were manufactured by resin transfer moulding. The laminates were tested for strength and modulus under tensile and flexural loading. Additionally, tests were carried out on laminates to determine the impact energy, impact strength and water absorption. The results revealed that properties were affected in markedly different ways by the resin system and the fibre volume fraction. Polyester laminates showed good modulus and impact properties, epoxy laminates displayed good strength values and vinyl ester laminates exhibited good water absorption characteristics. Scanning electron microscope studies show that epoxy laminates fail by fibre fracture, polyester laminates by fibre pull-out and vinyl ester laminates by a combination of the two. A comparison between kenaf and glass laminates revealed that the specific tensile and flexural moduli of both laminates are comparable at the volume fraction of 15%. However, glass laminates have much better specific properties than the kenaf laminates at high fibre volume fractions for all three resins used. 相似文献