对称三角线性调频连续波雷达应用于风速探测

提出将对称三角线性调频连续波雷达应用于风速探测中,首先分析了对称三角线性调频连续波雷达信号波形,阐述了雷达测距测速原理,针对单个散射点和多个散射点的情况进行了仿真测试。结果表明能够从对称三角线性调频连续波雷达回波信号中获取风速信息,其探测范围为3 km,测速精度为0.1 m/s,具有较高的实用价值和广阔的应用前景。     

小型化高频地波雷达的波形及解调研究

主要讨论了小型化高频地波雷达在海上目标检测方面的波形特性。深入研究了线性调频中断连续波(FMICW)进行硬目标探测的基本原理和信号处理方法,分析了高频地波雷达提取目标距离和速度的原理,在不同波形参数下对解调结果进行仿真。仿真结果显示脉冲压缩对提取距离和速度信息的性能,以及发射波形参数对测距测速的影响。最后利用实际回波数据对目标距离进行了解算,并与仿真结果比较,使之对小型化岸基地波雷达探测目标的波形设计和工程应用具有重要参考意义。     

基于固定WiMAX的被动雷达系统研究

WiMAX信号作为被动雷达的照射源具有高距离分辨率和大探测距离的优势.率先设计并实现了基于固定WiMAX的被动雷达双通道接收机,提出了基于最小二乘的自适应直达波/杂波干扰消除算法,实现了基于相参体制的运动目标检测算法,并将基于固定WiMAX的被动雷达系统应用于室内运动目标检测.实验结果表明:所设计的实验系统和所提出的算法能准确获得目标的运动轨迹信息,从实验角度进一步证明了固定WiMAX信号作为被动雷达照射源的可行性.     

基于DSP的防撞雷达系统设计与实现

为保证汽车在高速公路上的行车安全,根据线性调频连续波雷达的基本原理,设计实现一种基于数字信号处理技术的毫米波车载前向防撞雷达系统。雷达系统根据简化的二维恒虚警率降低目标检测时的虚警概率,用MTD频域配对法找出同一目标出现在上、下扫频的频谱。实验结果表明,该系统能实时准确地检测前面目标车辆的距离与速度信息,运行稳定可靠。     

调频连续波合成孔径雷达系统设计与实现

与脉冲体制相比,线性调频连续波合成孔径雷达在小型化方向具有明显的优越性。针对在无人机等运动平台对雷达小型化的实际需求,设计并实现了一种小型化、低成本的调频连续波SAR系统。分析了调频连续波体制雷达高分辨率成像的基本原理,详细阐述了该雷达系统的设计思想和关键技术。最后给出了雷达系统校飞实验的成像结果,验证了系统的有效性。     

基于DSP的防撞雷达信号采样系统设计

针对线性调频连续波汽车防撞雷达回波信号的特点,选用串行差分ADC,设计了一种基于DSP的SPORT口的I、Q双通道采样系统,并通过实验验证了系统的正确性。     

车载LFMCW雷达多运动目标探测算法研究

针对传统的线性调频连续波(LFMCW)雷达在进行运动多目标配对的局限性,提出结合变周期LFMCW作为发射信号波形,采用质心凝聚处理进行多目标配对的新方法,有效提高了处理算法的实时性,合理设置凝聚中心宽度阈值,可实现目标的准确配对和距离速度去耦合,测试结果显示:配对误差均控制在5%以内.     

调频连续波SAR数字接收机技术研究

针对调频连续波合成孔径雷达系统误差提取和校正困难的问题,提出了一种基于数字接收机的调频连续波合成孔径雷达系统方案.分析了去调频接收模式下调频连续波合成孔径雷达的回波特性,研究了系统误差对回波信号的影响,推导了在数字时域对回波信号进行正交解调、去调频接收处理以及系统误差提取的实现过程.数字接收处理的方法可以简单有效地提取系统的幅相误差,并进行校正.最后,通过实验仿真证明了该方法的有效性和正确性.     

复杂战场环境雷达探测模型研究

基于雷达功能仿真的方法,以及雷达与其作战环境的耦合过程,对雷达的探测模型进行了研究;建立了战场实时态势数据库、数据预处理模块、环境信号功率计算模块,构建了雷达信号耦合模型;利用C波段雷达对某隐身目标的实时RCS,仿真分析了遮盖性干扰和杂波信号对雷达探测范围的影响,结果显示无干扰时雷达的最大探测距离能够达到114km左右,遮盖性干扰和杂波能够将其距离压制到70km以内,且在其中的47～53km目标具有"隐身"能力,而采用相应的抗干扰措施后,雷达能够在106km左右发现目标,雷达的抗干扰措施起到了改善干扰和杂波影响的效果,并且目标在47～53km处不再具有"隐身"效果。仿真结果验证了模型的有效性和可行性。     

毫米波汽车防撞雷达波形设计

为了增强汽车行驶的安全性,国外自20世纪60年代已经开始研制汽车雷达;它没能像其它汽车电子产品一样得到广泛应用,除了成本等方面的因素,最主要问题是在应用中遇到的频繁的虚警,这是由汽车运行的环境复杂造成的;从国际研究来看,采用具有良好性能的雷达信号是解决这个问题的主流方法;文章分析了频率键控雷达信号测距的原理以及在实际应用中的不足,分析了线性调频连续波的测距、测速原理,以及在多目标探测时的缺点;文章最后提出了在多目标环境下,为准确探测前方目标,减少路面、防护栏或旁车道车辆所造成的干扰,设计了三角波加入恒频连续波,以及变周期三角波雷达信号,应用于多目标识别。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。