微量元素对铜基块体金属玻璃形成能力的影响

研究微量元素的种类与添加量对Cu55Zr38Al7铜基块体金属玻璃形成能力的影响。X射线衍射仪和差示扫描量热仪的研究表明,添加2at%的Ag、Ti、Y或Nd都可以提高Cu55Zr38Al7的玻璃形成能力;6at%的Ag替代Cu,金属玻璃棒的临界直径可从2mm增加到4mm;而复合添加2at%的Ag和Y也可以明显提高Cu55Zr38Al7的玻璃形成能力。所以,替代化学性质相似的元素或者扩大合金系的原子尺寸范围可显著提高铜基块体金属玻璃的形成能力。     

添加微量Fe对Zr_(55)Al_(10)Ni_5Cu_(30)块体金属玻璃非晶形成能力和力学性能的影响(英文)

通过磁悬浮熔炼和铜模吸铸法制备直径3mm的(Zr0.55Al0.10Ni0.05Cu0.30)100-xFex(x=0,1,2,3,4)合金试样,研究Fe元素的微量添加对Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30块体金属玻璃非晶形成能力和力学性能的影响。研究表明,合理添加Fe元素(不超过3%,摩尔分数)导致约化玻璃转变温度Trg(=Tg/Tl)和参数γ(=Tx/(Tg+Tl))增大,因而其非晶形成能力增大,但添加过量的Fe元素(4%)会导致其非晶形成能力的降低。添加Fe元素也会显著地改善Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30块体金属玻璃的压缩塑性及提高其压缩断裂强度,当Fe元素的添加量为2%时,直径3mm、长度6mm的试样在压缩时出现一定的塑性及加工硬化现象。Fe元素添加量为4%形成的金属玻璃基复合材料,同样也显示良好的压缩塑性和高的压缩断裂强度。     

Effects of rare-earth elements on the glass-forming ability and mechanical properties of Cu46Zr47-xAl7Mx (M = Ce, Pr, Tb, and Gd) bulk metallic glasses

Cu46Zr47-xAl7Mx(M = Ce,Pr,Tb,and Gd) bulk metallic glassy(BMG) alloys were prepared by copper-mold vacuum suction casting.The effects of rare-earth elements on the glass-forming ability(GFA),thermal stability,and mechanical properties of Cu46Zr47-xAl7Mx were investigated.The GFA of Cu46Zr47-xAl7Mx(M = Ce,Pr) alloys is dependent on the content of Ce and Pr,and the optimal content is 4.at %.Cu46Zr47-xAl7Tbx(x = 2,4,and 5) amorphous alloys with a diameter of 5 mm can be prepared.The GFA of Cu46Zr47-xAl7Gdx(x = 2,4,and 5) increases with increasing Gd.Tx and Tp of all decrease.Tg is dependent on the rare-earth element and its content.△Tx for most of these alloys decreases except the Cu46Zr42Al7Gd5 alloy.The activation energies △Eg,△Ex,and △Ep for the Cu46Zr42Al7Gd5 BMG alloy with Kissinger equations are 340.7,211.3,and 211.3 kJ/mol,respectively.These values with Ozawa equations are 334.8,210.3,and 210.3 kJ/mol,respectively.The Cu46Zr45Al7Tb2 alloy presents the highest microhardness,Hv 590,while the Cu46Zr43Al7Pr4 alloy presents the least,Hv 479.The compressive strength(σc.f.) of the Cu46Zr43Al7Gd4 BMG alloy is higher than that of the Cu46Zr43Al7Tb4 BMG alloy.     

Y元素添加对CuZrAl块体金属玻璃的结构和力学性能的影响(英文)

研究添加Y元素对CuZrAl块体金属玻璃的结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明,添加Y元素提高CuZrAl体系的玻璃形成能力,而且由于添加Y元素可以降低该体系的结合能,从而降低其断裂强度。Cu45Zr48Al7块体金属玻璃的断裂表面主要呈脉状,而Cu46Zr42Al7Y5块体金属玻璃的断裂表面则很平滑。TEM观察表明,Cu45Zr48Al7的微观结构为非晶基体中含有纳米相,然而Cu46Zr42Al7Y5块体金属玻璃为全非晶结构。     

Role of yttrium in glass formation of Ti-based bulk metallic glasses

Starting with Zr of two different purities, Ti-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) with a nominal composition of Ti40Zr25Cu12Ni3Be20 were prepared. The effect of the addition of yttrium at levels of 0.2 at.%, 0.4 at.%, 0.5 at.%, 0.6 at.%, and 1 at.% on the glass forming ability (GFA) of the alloy has been investigated by means of metallography, X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry. Experimental data in-dicates that high impurity content dramatically reduces the glass forming ability. Microalloying with 0.5 at.% Y is effective in suppressing the crystalline phase formation and alleviating the detrimental effect of oxygen in the low-purity alloy. On the contrary, in the alloy contain-ing high-purity element, the effective yttrium addition is less than 0.4 at.%. The results indicate that the beneficial effect of the optimum dopants is mainly due to scavenging the oxygen impurity via the formation of innocuous phase.     

Cu50 Zr42 Al8块体金属玻璃的组织和力学性能

采用悬浮熔炼-铜模吸铸法制备了Cu50Zr42Al8块体金属玻璃,研究了其楔形试样的组织演变.随着熔体凝固过程中冷却速度的变化,楔形试样中存在表面全非晶区,中心晶体区以及二者之间的过渡区域,并确定Cu50Zr42Al8块体金属玻璃临界尺寸为4.8 mm.分别考察了φ4 mm铸态完全非晶棒和φ5 mm非晶复合棒的力学性能.φ4 mm非晶棒的压缩断裂强度,弹性应变和塑性应变分别为2260 MPa,2.0%,0.4%,几乎没有塑性变形.而φ5 mm铸态非晶复合棒的屈服强度、断裂强度分别为1670MPa、1849 MPa,弹性应变和塑性应变分别为1.6%和1.9%.非晶基体中存在的马氏体相CuZr和正交晶相Cu10Zr7的竞争影响了非晶复合棒的最终力学行为.     

Zr_(47)Cu_(44)Al_9大块非晶合金的制备及其力学性能

利用电弧炉制备一系列(Zr_(51.6)Cu_(48.4))_(100-x)Al_x(x=6.0～10.0, 摩尔分数,%)大块非晶合金,利用示差扫描量热仪、X射线衍射仪和金相显微镜研究Al的含量对其非晶形成能力的影响.结果表明:当铝的含量为9.0%时,合金具有最优的非晶形成能力.适量铝的加入不仅能够抑制初生相CuZr的析出,而且还能有效地抑制其长大.临界冷却速率的经验公式计算结果显示该合金的临界冷却速率为10 K/s,室温压缩力学性能显示其断裂强度为1.9 GPa,且有0.5%的塑性变形,式为韧性剪切断裂.     

Zr-Cu-Fe-Al合金的非晶形成能力、热稳定性及组织结构特征

采用铜模铸造法制备了Zr-Cu-Fe-Al非晶合金,利用X射线衍射仪、差热分析仪及高分辨透射电镜,系统研究了Al含量和Cu与Fe摩尔比对Zr59(Cu0.5Fe0.5)33Al8合金的非晶形成能力、热稳定性及组织结构的影响。结果表明,随着Al含量增加,Zr59(Cu0.5Fe0.5)41-xAlx和Zr67-x(Cu0.5Fe0.5)33Alx合金的非晶形成能力均呈现先增加后降低的趋势。对于Zr59(Cu1-xFex)33Al8合金,当Cu与Fe摩尔比在5∶5~8∶2之间时,合金非晶形成能力较好。γ参数及晶化温度研究表明,Zr59(Cu0.7Fe0.3)33Al8合金具有大的非晶形成能力及高的热稳定性。此外,Zr59(Cu0.5Fe0.5)33Al8合金的HRTEM结果表明,由于Cu与Fe混合焓为正,在快速冷却条件下,合金将会发生液-液相分离,形成富Fe和富Cu两液相,之后两液相分别发生玻璃转变,最终形成高数量密度的纳米富Fe非晶粒子分布在富Cu非晶基体上的组织结构。     

新型铜合金/非晶复合材料的挤压成形特性

基于大块非晶在过冷液相区间具有较好的热塑性成形特点,选择铜基非晶Cu40Zr44Ag8Al8和铜合金,通过挤压成形工艺,制备出一种新型的铜合金/非晶复合材料;在703 K和挤压速度为0.4 mm/min下对该复合材料进行挤压,获得铜合金、非晶复合材料棒材.通过光学金相(OM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、示差扫描量热分析(DSC)和维氏硬度测试(HV)对挤压变形前、后芯部非晶进行形貌观察和结构分析.结果表明:芯部非晶在挤压前期呈不均匀分布,而后分布非常均匀;结合XRD、DSC和硬度的结果分析,在703 K下挤压后,芯部非晶没有发生晶化.     

反复熔炼对Zr基大块非晶合金玻璃形成能力的影响

研究了反复熔炼对Zr60Al15Ni25和Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu17.5合金的玻璃形成能力的影响。DSC分析表明，随着熔炼次数的增多，Zr60Al15Ni25非晶合金的玻璃转变温度和晶化开始温度都提高，而Zr60Al7.5Ni10Cu17.5非晶合金的特征温度基本没有发生变化。Zr60Al15Ni25合金的熔化焓由于反复熔炼而降低，在热力学上有利于非晶相的形成。根据反复熔炼对铸锭凝固组织进而对合金熔体中的短程序的影响，讨论了玻璃形成能力的变化及原子间的结合力对短程序尺寸的影响，分析了2种合金对反复熔炼处理的敏感性的不同。     

TiNb颗粒增韧铜锆基非晶复合材料的机制

采用放电等离子烧结(Spark Plasma Sintering,SPS)方法成功制备得到10%(体积分数)TiNb/Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5和TiNb/Cu46Zr42Al7Y5非晶基体复合材料。压缩力学实验表明,TiNb颗粒对Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5的增韧效果明显好于对Cu46Zr42Al7Y5。究其原因是Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5的塑性转变区域的长度Rp值高于Cu46Zr42Al7Y5,这就意味着TiNb颗粒分布在Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5的塑性转变区域的几率明显高于Cu46Zr42Al7Y5基体。因此,TiNb颗粒对Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5基体的增韧效果明显要好于Cu46Zr42Al7Y5。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Zr-Cu-Al bulk metallic glasses

Zr49Cu46Al5 and Zr48.5Cu46.5Al5 bulk metallic glasses（BMGs） with diameter of 5 mm were prepared through water-cooled copper mold casting. The phase structures of the two alloys were identified by X-ray diffractometry（XRD）. The thermal stability was examined by differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）. Zr49Cu46Al5 alloy shows a glass transition temperature, Tg, of about 689 K, an crystallization temperature, Tx, of about 736 K. The Zr48.5Cu46.5Al5 alloy shows no obvious exothermic peak. The microstructure of the as-cast alloys was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. The aggregations of CuZr and CuZr2 nanocrystals with grain size of about 20 nm are observed in Zr49Cu46Al5 nanocrystalline composite, while the Zr48.5Cu46,5Al5 alloy containing many CuZr martensite plates is crystallized seriously. Mechanical properties of bulk Zr49Cu46Al5 nanocrystalline composite and Zr48.5Cu46.5Al5 alloy measured by compression tests at room temperature show that the work hardening ability of Zr48.5Cu46.5A15 alloy is larger than that of Zr49Cu46Al5 alloy.     

Formation and thermal stability of new Zr–Cu-based bulk glassy alloys with unusual glass-forming ability

The simultaneous addition of Al and Ag to Zr–Cu binary alloys increased in the stabilization of supercooled liquid, the reduced glass transition temperature and γ value, leading to greatly enhance the glass-forming ability (GFA). The Zr–Cu–Ag–Al glassy alloy samples with diameters above 15 mm were obtained in the wide composition range of 42–50 at% Zr, 32–42 at% Cu, 5–10 at% Ag, and 5–12 at% Al. The best GFA was obtained for Zr₄₈Cu₃₆Ag₈Al₈ alloy, and the glassy samples with diameters up to 25 mm were fabricated by an injection copper mold casting. The Zr₄₈Cu₃₆Ag₈Al₈ glassy alloy exhibited high tensile and compressive fracture strength of over 1800 MPa.     

微量元素对Cu-Zr-Al块体金属玻璃形成能力及力学性能的影响

研究微量元素Ag、Ti、Ga、Ni和Sn对Cu55Zr38Al7铜基块体金属玻璃形成能力及力学性能的影响。结果表明:添加2%(摩尔分数)的Ag、Ti或Ga均可以提高Cu55Zr38Al7合金的玻璃形成能力;用6%的Ag替代Cu,玻璃棒的临界直径可从2 mm增加到4 mm;因此,替代化学性质相似的元素或者扩大合金系的原子尺寸范围对提高玻璃形成能力具有显著的效果;然而,添加微量元素均不同程度地降低Cu-Zr-Al金属玻璃的硬度。断口表面形貌显示;微量相似元素替代影响基体在压缩过程中剪切带的繁殖;在微量元素替代的伪四元铜基块体金属玻璃中,2%Ti和2%Ag替代可分别获得最大压缩强度2 163 MPa和最大压缩应变8.7%。因此,通过添加微量元素可以调谐金属玻璃的玻璃形成能力和力学性能。     

(Cu50Zr50)92Al8块体非晶合金高温塑性变形过程中的晶化行为

采用水冷铜模吸铸法制备直径2mm的(Cu50Zr50)92Al8块体非晶合金。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、差示扫描量热分析仪(DSC)对该非晶合金的结构及热力学参数进行表征。利用万能试验机在过冷液相区内对该非晶合金进行压缩变形,研究变形量(20%,60%和80%)对非晶合金显微结构和热稳定性的影响。结果表明,塑性变形使得该非晶合金的热稳定性降低,并导致其部分晶化,其晶化程度取决于合金的变形量的大小,当变形量为80%时,该合金的XRD图谱中出现了明显的晶化峰。晶化相的析出使得变形后的非晶合金的显微硬度有明显提高。     

Y对Cu基非晶合金形成能力和腐蚀行为的影响

采用铜模吸铸法制备出成分为(Cu50Zr45Al5)100-xYx(x=0,1,2,3,4,5)的合金试样。利用X射线衍射,金相显微镜,差热分析和电化学极化曲线的方法研究了Y对Cu-Zr-Al系非晶合金的结构、玻璃形成能力和腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明,适量Y的添加提高了非晶合金的玻璃形成能力和热稳定性,当Y含量为2%时合金的过冷液相区宽度为ΔTx=Tx-Tg=64K,约化玻璃转变温度Trg=Tg/T1=0.601,玻璃形成能力γ=Tx/(Tg+T1)=0.409(Tg,Tx,T1分别为非晶合金的玻璃转变温度,晶化开始温度和熔化温度)。非晶合金在3.5%的NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性随Y含量的增加而降低。     

微合金化对U-Co金属玻璃形成能力的影响

U-Co系具有较宽非晶成分区间,但其玻璃形成能力(GFA)较差。针对该体系的U_(69.2)Co_(30.8)合金,选择不同类型的元素M(M=Sn,Si,Be,Cu,Pd,Y,Zr)进行微合金化,采用铜辊甩带方法制备U_(69)Co_(30)M_1非晶合金条带样品,结合X射线衍射与差示扫描量热技术研究了微合金化对合金GFA的影响。结果表明,Sn添加对U-Co合金的GFA具有明显改善作用,Si次之,Be、Cu影响不大,Pd、Y、Zr起到恶化效果。结合合金熔化行为的改变和GFA与M元素的熔点、电负性、原子尺寸及M-C混合焓等参数的关联性分析,初步揭示出微合金化对U-Co合金GFA的影响机制,其本质应该与改变合金液体稳定性和晶化驱动力有关。     

新型铜基块体非晶合金Cu55-xZr37Ti8Inx的制备及性能

利用铜模吸铸法合成Cu—ZrTi—In非晶棒。块体非晶合金Cu50Zr37Ti8In5的△瓦值最大,为66K。从原子尺寸大小和热力学角度分析在铜基非晶合金中添加适量In元素后能够提高其非晶形成能力的原因。在所测的块体非晶合金Cu55．Zr37Ti8Inx（x≤〈5）,Cu52Zr37Ti8In3表现出最高的抗压强度（1981MPa）和最佳的塑性,其在压缩断裂前的总塑性变形量约为1．2％。     

Sc提高锆基块体非晶合金玻璃形成能力的机理

以Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5五元锆基非晶合金为研究对象，在以工业级海绵锆为原料制备的合金中加入元素Sc，制备出楔形试样，从微观角度分析了元素Sc提高非晶合金玻璃形成能力的机理。结果表明，元素Sc的加入可显著改变Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5五元锆基块体非晶态合金在非晶态-晶态过渡区中先析相的相结构及组织形态。元素Sc强烈的脱氧作用可减少合金中锆氧化物／锆氧团簇，从而消除了过冷液体中异质形核的核心，提高了Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5五元锆基块体非晶态合金的玻璃形成能力。     

Enhanced glass forming ability and refrigerant capacity of a Gd55Ni22Mn3Al20 bulk metallic glass

In this work, a small amount of Mn was added to a Gd₅₅Ni₂₅Al₂₀ glass forming alloy, as a replacement for Ni, and a Gd₅₅Ni₂₂Mn₃Al₂₀ bulk metallic glass (BMG) was obtained by suction casting. Its glass forming ability (GFA) was characterized by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry, and its magnetic properties were measured using a magnetic property measurement system. It is found that the minor Mn addition can significantly improve both the GFA and the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of the alloy. The refrigerant capacity (RC) of the BMG can reach a high value of 825 J kg⁻¹ under a field of 3979 kA/m, which is about 29% larger than that of a Gd₅₅Ni₂₅Al₂₀ BMG. The effect of the minor Mn addition on the GFA and MCE of the BMG was investigated in the study.