铌添加对钛基大块金属玻璃的非晶形成能力、热稳定性及机械特性的影响(英文)

(Ti40Zr25Cu9Ni8Be18)100-xNbx(x=0,1,3,4,5 at%)钛基大块金属玻璃由铜模铸制得,制得的金属玻璃由直径大于6 mm的全非晶相构成。铌添加对非晶形成能力和热稳定性的影响由X射线衍射仪,透射电子显微镜和示差扫描热量计分析研究,机械特性由MTS810型力学特性测试仪在室温下以压缩模式测量,应变速率为2×10-4 s-1。实验发现:铌的添加对非晶形成能力几乎没有影响,但使得热稳定性有所提高。随着铌含量的增加,合金表现出很高的抗断强度,当x=4时,合金表现出最高的耐压强度1945 MPa和塑性延伸7%,塑性有明显提高。扫描电子显微镜分析表明,(Ti40Zr25Cu9Ni8Be18)96Nb4的高延展性是由于形成了高密度的剪切带的原因。     

Effect of addition of Zn and Al elements on glass-forming ability and thermal stability of Mg-Cu-Y bulk metallic glasses

After substituting partial Cu and Mg with Zn or Al elements for Mg65Cu25Y10 alloy, respectively, the metallic glass plate samples with thickness of 2-3 mm were prepared by water-quenching, their respective glass-forming ability and thermal stability were studied by using differential thermal analysis （DTA） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. Using Kissinger equation, the activation energies of crystallization of these metallic glasses heated with a constant rate were calculated. The results show that Al element is greatly harmful to the glass-forming ability of Mg-Cu-Y alloys and cannot acquire bulk amorphous alloys; nevertheless, the effect of Zn element addition is indeterminate for various components. The magnitudes of thermal stability are also revealed.     

Effects of rare-earth elements on the glass-forming ability and mechanical properties of Cu46Zr47-xA17Mx （M = Ce, Pr, Tb, and Gd） bulk metallic glasses

Cu₄₆Zr_47−x Al₇M _x (M = Ce, Pr, Tb, and Gd) bulk metallic glassy (BMG) alloys were prepared by copper-mold vacuum suction casting. The effects of rare-earth elements on the glass-forming ability (GFA), thermal stability, and mechanical properties of Cu₄₆Zr_47−x Al₇M _x were investigated. The GFA of Cu₄₆Zr_47−x Al₇M _x (M = Ce, Pr) alloys is dependent on the content of Ce and Pr, and the optimal content is 4 at.%. Cu₄₆Zr_47−x Al₇Tb _x (x = 2, 4, and 5) amorphous alloys with a diameter of 5 mm can be prepared. The GFA of Cu₄₆Zr_47−x Al₇Gd _x (x = 2, 4, and 5) increases with increasing Gd. T _x and T _p of all decrease. T _g is dependent on the rare-earth element and its content. ΔT _x for most of these alloys decreases except the Cu₄₆Zr₄₂Al₇Gd₅ alloy. The activation energies ΔE _g, ΔE _x, and ΔE _p for the Cu₄₆Zr₄₂Al₇Gd₅ BMG alloy with Kissinger equations are 340.7, 211.3, and 211.3 kJ/mol, respectively. These values with Ozawa equations are 334.8, 210.3, and 210.3 kJ/mol, respectively. The Cu₄₆Zr₄₅Al₇Tb₂ alloy presents the highest microhardness, Hv 590, while the Cu₄₆Zr₄₃Al₇Pr₄ alloy presents the least, Hv 479. The compressive strength (σ _c.f.) of the Cu₄₆Zr₄₃Al₇Gd₄ BMG alloy is higher than that of the Cu₄₆Zr₄₃Al₇Tb₄ BMG alloy.     

Glass--Forming Ability and Soft Magnetic Properties of Fe--Co--Nd--Nb—B Amorphous Alloys

Fe67Co10-xNd3B20(x=0,2,4,6,10)非晶合金中,当x=6时可以扩大过冷液相区到87 K,提高非晶合金的热稳定性.γ判据和过冷液相区判据具有相似性,均证实x=6时具有最大的玻璃形成能力.非晶合金具有较好的软磁性能,在低于玻璃转变温度40 K退火40 min,可使软磁性能得到显著改善,最大比饱和磁化强度提高到157.3 A·m2/kg,而矫顽力降低到0.2-1.2 A/m.非晶合金退火后的结构弛豫和超精细磁场的增加导致了软磁性能的提高.     

Cu﹑Nb对多元Fe基非晶合金的形成及热稳定性的影响

以具有宽过冷液相区成分的Fe-Al-Ga-P-B-(C)-Si合金作为研究对象,研究了Cu﹑Nb元素及其加入量对合金非晶形成能力和热稳定性的影响。结果表明,当Cu加入量超过2%(原子百分比)时,合金中有晶化相析出,而低于2%时则表现为完全的非晶态。与不加铜的非晶合金相比,含铜非晶态合金的玻璃转变温度Tg和晶化温度Tx均向高温区移动,过冷液相区ΔTx减小,表明非晶合金的热稳定性下降。在非晶合金形成方面,Nb也有类似的效果。含铌0.5%合金的过冷液相区ΔTx大于不含铌元素的合金,表明具有较大的玻璃形成能力和稳定性。     

Cu、Nb对多元Fe基非晶合金的形成及热稳定性的影响

以具有宽过冷液相区成分的Fe-Al-Ga-P-B-（C）-Si合金作为研究对象，研究了Cu、Nb元素及其加入量对合金非晶形成能力和热稳定性的影响。结果表明，当Cu加入量超过2％（原子百分比）时，合金中有晶化相析出，而低于2％时则表现为完全的非晶态。与不加铜的非晶合金相比，含铜非晶态合金的玻璃转变温度瓦和晶化温度瓦均向高温区移动，过冷液相区△Tx减小，表明非晶合金的热稳定性下降。在非晶合金形成方面．Nb也有类似的效果。含铌0、5％合金的过冷液相区△Tx大于不含铌元素的合金，表明具有较大的玻璃形成能力和稳定性。     

Effects of Oxygen Increasing/Decreasing Processes on Surface Characteristics of Superalloy Powders and Properties of Their Bulk Alloy Counterparts: Powders Storage and DegassingEI北大核心CSCD

采用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、X射线光电子谱(XPS)、高角环形暗场扫描透射电镜(HAADF-STEM)以及程序升温脱附与质谱联用(TPD-MS)等表征手段研究了不同窄粒度范围镍基高温合金粉末的原始表面状态以及存储和脱气等增/降氧过程对合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明：不同粒度原始态粉末的表面组成均为Ni O/Ni(OH)₂、TiO₂、CoO和Cr₂O₃,0～15μm粒径粉末(细粉)和150～180μm粒径粉末(粗粉)平均氧化膜厚度分别为3.32和10.90 nm。细粉和粗粉在空气环境中存储后氧含量逐渐增大,在3～10 d达到稳定值,分别约为250×10^-6和40×10^-6。存储后0～53μm粉末制备的块体合金氧含量升高,室温、650℃和750℃拉伸强度变化不大,但塑性下降,合金在650℃、890 MPa和750℃、530 MPa的持久性能均下降。0～15μm细粉加热过程中(室温～1000℃)会发生气体脱附,存在明显脱附峰的气体包括CO₂     

APPLICATION OF d-ELECTRON ALLOY DESIGN THEORY TO DEVELOPMENT OF HOT CORROSION RESISTANT Ni-BASE SINGLE CRYSTAL SUPERALLOYS——Ⅱ. Effects of Refractory Metals Ti, Ta and Nb on Microstructure and Properties

本文系统地研究了Ti,Ta和Nb三个γ′形成元素在抗热腐蚀合金系统Ni-16Cr—9Al-4Co—2W—1Mo—Ti-Ta—Nb(at-％)中的作用该合金系统是根据d-电子合金设计理论和镍基高温合金合金化的特点选出的根据DTA和图象仪分析结果确定了凝固反应温度以及共晶(γ+γ′)体积分数在Ti-Ta—Nb浓度三角形中的等值线分布,与参考合金IN738LC相比较,在所研究的大部分成分范围内,设计合金表现出很低的共晶(γ+γ′)析出(<0.4v-％),较低的凝固范围(<65℃)和较宽的热处理温度范围(>100℃),说明合金具有良好的组织稳定性,单晶铸造性能和热处理工艺性能.经长期时效(900℃/500h)后,无TCP相析出,在很宽的成分范围内,试验合金表现出良好的抗热腐蚀性能(900℃/24h坩埚试验,失重<20mg/cm~2)综合各项结果,给出了可供选择合金成分进行最后单晶生长及力学性能评价的具有较好综合性能的成分范围