Personality characteristics of adult women with low and high profiles on the SCII or SVIB occupational scales.

Investigated how women (aged 25 yrs and over) with low profiles (LP) on the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory (SCII) or SVIB female Occupational Scales differ from women who have high profiles (HP) with respect to measured personality characteristics (California Psychological Inventory [CPI]) and vocational needs (Minnesota Importance Questionnaire [MIQ]). 467 Ss for both SCII and SVIB groups, LP Ss differed from HP Ss on 35 CPI items and scored significantly lower on 9 CPI scales (e.g., Dominance, Capacity for Status, Sociability) and on 3 MIQ needs (Authority, Creativity, and Responsibility). LP and HP Ss differed significantly on 96 of the 110 SCII scales that are relevant to women and on 52 of the 85 female SVIB scales. At a response difference of at least 28%, 70 SCII and 61 SVIB items best separated LP and HP Ss. Compared with LP Ss, HP Ss liked activities that involved writing, public speaking, and leadership. (23 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Validity studies of the Strong vocational interest inventories.

The concurrent validity of the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory (SCII) and the predictive validity of the SVIB were studied in an 18-yr follow-up of a university counseling center group of male college graduates. Results were compared with a previous 12-yr follow-up of the same Ss using C. McArthur's method (1954). The SCII had concurrent validity greater than the SVIB (T399) even after correction was made for a higher percentage of high standard scores on occupational scales. Predictive validity for 18 yrs was not quite as good as for 12 yrs. Although group data were similar for the predictive validity studies, classifications of individuals between studies varied substantially. A 6-yr predictive validity study for the SVIB (T399) had validity comparable to predictive studies using an earlier edition of the SVIB. Job satisfaction and satisfaction with type of work were statistically different, but resulted in no practical difference when used as a correlate with standard occupational scale score. (21 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Concurrent prediction from the Strong Vocational Interest Blank.

Compared the concurrent predictive accuracy of the Strong Vocational Interest Blank for Men (SVIB), Form T-399, for the same Ss (N = 163) on 3 sets of scales developed for the SVIB to reflect J. L. Holland's occupational-personality types: the SVIB-Holland scales, the Basic Interest scales, and the Occupational scales. Data are reported to provide comparison between the SVIB-Holland scales and Holland's Self-Directed Search with different Ss, between the Basic Interest scales and Occupational scales for the same Ss, between the criteria of single highest scale and scores above a cutoff, and between the 3 types of scales. When cutoff scores were used, the SVIB-Holland scales and the Basic Interest scales predicted occupation held for some 60% of these Ss; about 1/3 of these accurate predictions were considered to be attributable to chance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Occupational groupings of the Strong Vocational Interest Blank and the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory.

Occupational groupings on the Strong Vocational Interest Blank (SVIB) and Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory (SCII) are useful for (a) extrapolating the results to nonincluded occupations in the same family and (b) judging the reliability of a high score by other scores in the same group. These purposes can be accomplished only if the groups are shown to be homogeneous. For 337 male entering college freshmen tested on the SVIB, Form T399, and 201 tested on the SCII, Form T325, average intercorrelations were calculated for occupations within existing groups and also for new groups derived from a factor-analytic study. Average intragroup correlations of .40-.79 were found for the T399, .49-.73 with the T325, and .60-.68 with the factored groups. The average of all within-groups correlations was significantly higher for the latter than for the other two. The predominant groupings of the factor study were Interpersonal Manipulation, Technical and Scientific, and Verbal. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Same-sex and cross-sex reliability and concurrent validity of Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory.

Reliability and concurrent validity data for the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory (SCII) were developed for a total of 180 high school and college students, scored on appropriate sex norms and scales. These data were compared with data for the Strong Vocational Interest Blank (SVIB), data reported in the SCII Manual, and data for the same sample scored on the opposite sex's norms and scales and scored disregarding sex. 2-wk test-retest reliability correlations were approximately .90. Agreement between high scores and self-reported curriculum and occupational preferences ranged from 32% to 60%. The SCII had same-sex reliability and concurrent validity near those of the SVIB. Cross-sex scores were not significantly less reliable and valid. Scoring on all Occupational scales produced significantly higher concurrent validity. (16 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A verification scale for the Strong Vocational Interest Blank, Men's Form.

A new scoring procedure was constructed for the SVIB. Its purpose is to show the pattern of rare item-responses that differ from the chance pattern indicated by the shaded areas of the profile and from the scores typical of people in the various occupations. Ss were 192 freshmen at the University of Missouri. The cross-validation sample had 908 Ss. "At the present stage of development it is appropriate to recommend the V scale be included among the scales currently scored on the SVIB." From Psyc Abstracts 36:05:5LB18F. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Equivalence of the Kuder Occupational Interest Survey and the Strong Vocational Interest Blank revisited.

Median within-S correlation of scores for a total of 332 Ss on the SVIB and Kuder Occupational Interest Survey was .57, representing an increase in congruent validity from that previously obtained by traditional procedure. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Female college students' scores on the men's and women's Strong Vocational Interest Blanks.

Administered the men's and women's forms of the SVIB and a career orientation questionnaire to a sample of 90 undergraduate women. Significant differences were found between mean scores on Occupational scales common to both forms and on mean number of B+ and A ratings on the men's and women's forms. Occupational scale scores and number of B+ and A interest ratings were examined in relationship to career vs. homemaker orientation. Ss differentiated on the basis of career orientation obtained significantly different mean numbers of B+ and A interest ratings on the women's SVIB. Implications for vocational counseling are discussed, and use of both forms of the SVIB is recommended in vocational counseling with college women. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Faking "chance" on the SVIB.

Are scores that fall within the so-called "chance" areas of certain occupational scales of the Strong Vocational Interest Blank for Men (SVIB) "easily obtainable by chance"? To answer this question, Ss were selected whose scores, under standard testing conditions, were either higher than chance, lower than chance, or in the chance area itself. These Ss were then instructed to "fake" directionally (in the direction of the chance area) and to "fake chance." The results indicated that Ss who can fake directionally cannot fake chance, even when the chance range is in the same direction as the one they have faked. It was concluded that rather than ignore scores within the chance area, it may be better to ignore the chance areas themselves. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

On the virtues of raw-scored interest inventories: Reaction to O'Neil, Price, and Tracey (1979).

J. M. O'Neil et al (see record 1979-27466-001) compared career-related outcomes following administration of the raw-scored Self-Directed Search (SDS), the "norm-scored" Strong-Campbell (SCII), and the 2 instruments in combination. The study was intended to address issues of sex bias in vocational-interest assessment. Ss who took the SDS were provided with the usual self-directed administration, scoring, and interpretation of raw scores. However, it is pointed out here that Ss in the SCII and SDS-SCII treatment groups received no SCII norm-based scores or interpretations. As discussed in this article, the principal conclusions in the earlier report regarding the relative effects and sex restrictiveness of "norm-scored instruments" and "raw-scored instruments" are not warranted by the study design. (6 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Concurrent validity of the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory for graduate students in counseling.

Examined the vocational interests of 114 graduate counseling psychology trainees and the concurrent validity of the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory (SCII) for this group. Ss were administered the SCII, and a subgroup of 43 Ss completed a questionnaire assessing satisfaction with their graduate program, interests in various types of coursework, and preferences for future professional employment. Results generally support the concurrent validity of the SCII in a group of counseling trainees but also indicate differences in the ordering of SCII Holland themes in this group vs psychologists in general. Relationships between certain SCII scores and Ss' preferences concerning coursework and future employment were found. Implications of the findings for both the training and the employment of counseling psychology trainees are discussed. (25 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

SVIB as a predictor of job satisfaction.

A study was made of 185 graduates of professional curricula to test the hypothesis that job satisfaction in a certain occupation is related to congruent or appropriate interests in that occupation. Occupations represented were medicine, law, dentistry, mechanical engineering, accounting, and journalism. Ss were contacted by mail and asked to fill out 3 job satisfaction blanks and the SVIB. 12th grade SVIB scores were also available for each S. Only 1 of 56 relationships between interests and job satisfaction scores was significantly different from 0. The lack of relationships was true for both earlier and current testing of interests and for all 3 job satisfaction blanks. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Are SVIB interests correlated with differential academic achievement?

Segel's (1934) finding that SVIB scores correlated more highly with differential academic achievement than with absolute academic achievement has been often quoted, but little studied. The relationship between SVIB scores and ACT test scores for 1875 university freshman males was compared with the relationship between SVIB scores and the differences between pairs of ACT tests. The SVIB scale scores were more highly correlated with differential achievement than with absolute achievement when scholastic aptitude scores were held constant; however, the relationship was slight. When only hypothesized relationships were considered, no difference was found. The interpretation of SVIB scores as reflecting variations in either absolute academic achievement or differential academic achievement should be highly guarded. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Change in vocational interests after spinal cord injury.

117 males (aged 20–72 yrs) with spinal cord injury (SCI) completed an SCI questionnaire and 2 versions of the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory (SCII), one with standardized instructions and one with instructions to recall interests from an earlier, preinjury age. Strong Vocational Interest Blanks taken prior to injury were located for 14 Ss. These provided direct evidence concerning stability of interests and suggested that the larger group was relatively accurate in the recall of preinjury interests. 130 age-matched males without SCI also completed the SCII twice to assess the presence of any variance uniquely associated with the preinjury recall method. Results show that the interests of SCI Ss were as stable as those of the non-SCI Ss and that changes that did occur were consistent with those found in nondisabled samples. It is suggested that the recall method is potentially useful for future research. (38 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparability of old and revised forms of the Strong Vocational Interest Blank for Women.

Administered the old and revised forms of the SVIB for Women (W) to a volunteer sample of 124 female Ss aged 15-66 yr. old. The scores on the 29 occupational scales common to both forms of the SVIB-W were highly related (Median r=.83) for most of the scales. The level of scoring on some of the scales changed markedly, however, largely dependent upon the year of sampling of the original occupational group members. Because of the latter, correlations between individual profiles for the 2 forms were only moderately high (Median r=.71). Conclusions based upon profile analyses of the old form should not be generalized to the new form. A short form of the Basic Interest Scales, scorable on the old SVIB-W, may serve as a bridge between the old and new SVIB-W for use in longitudinal research projects. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Correction to Rotton, Tikofsky, and Feldman.

Reports an error in the original article by Rotten et al (Journal of Applied Psychology. Vol 67(2) Apr 1982, 230-238). The receipt date was incorrectly listed as May 11, 1982. The article was actually received on May 11, 1981.(The following abstract of this article originally appeared in record 1982-20688-001) In Exp I, 42 Ss (mean age 30.4 yrs) tracked a moving target and monitored lights after receiving sublingual drops that contained either water, sodium nitrate (4.5, 45, 450, or 4,500 ppm), or sodium fluoride (.1, 1, 10, or 100 ppm). Dosage levels equaled, exceeded, or fell below those of municipal waters. In Exp II, 20 females performed this task after receiving sublingual drops of the same test substances in a repeated measures design; dosage levels equaled or exceeded levels found in municipal waters by 100 or 500 times. Neither type nor amount of chemical affected primary task performance; however, after receiving sublingual drops in Exp I, Ss paid less attention to lights on their right. In Exp II, Ss made more errors and had longer response latencies after they received moderate and very high concentrations of test substances. It is concluded that challenge testing is a safe but effective technique for provoking and studying reactions to chemicals when combined with a sensitive measure of sensorimotor performance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Is math anxiety a local phenomenon? A study of prevalence and dimensionality.

Administered the Math Anxiety Rating Scale (MARS) and the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory (SCII) to 1,045 college freshmen. The relationship between MARS scores and performance in freshman mathematics was determined by partial correlation and multiple regression techniques. Correlations were computed between each of 3 scales of the SCII and the MARS. Most Ss reported only low levels of math anxiety, and there were no large sex differences on the MARS either for the total sample or within course levels. There were small but significant correlations between the MARS and 2 of the 3 SCII scales. The MARS was factor analyzed; 3 factors were identified and labeled Evaluation Anxiety, Arithmetic Computation Anxiety, and Social Responsibility Anxiety. Results are contrasted with findings of previous studies of math anxiety, and methodological and conceptual issues in the study of math anxiety are discussed. (14 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The stimulus value, treatment effects, and sex differences when completing the Self-Directed Search and Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory.

Assessed men's and women's immediate reactions to completing the Self-Directed Search (SDS) and the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory (SCII) and the impact of this testing on their subsequent behaviors 1 mo later. A random sample of 96 college freshmen completed either the SDS, SCII, or both instruments. Results indicate that (a) the SDS had significantly more perceived stimulus value than the SCII alone or the SCII and SDS combined, immediately after testing; (b) the SCII was perceived to have greater clarity of directions than the SDS; (c) there were no significant differences between groups on responses to testing or certainty about career planning; and (d) no sex differences between men and women on their immediate reactions to testing were found. A 1-mo follow-up of the Ss indicated that there were no significant sex or treatment differences between groups in satisfaction with career planning, clarity and certainty of ideas about career planning, and time spent thinking about career planning process. (30 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Expressed and inventoried vocational interests: A comparison of instruments.

Compared the responses of 84 female Ss to the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory (SCII) and the Vocational Card Sort (VCS). The VCS task included J. L. Holland's themes and used the basic interest and occupational scales from the SCII. The results from both measures were related. The VCS was not significantly different from the SCII in internal consistency. The VCS themes were better predictors of expressed choices than the SCII themes. Comparisons of the instruments by the Ss did not yield clear preferences, and there was a strong tendency for Ss to suggest that a friend take both instruments. Ss perceived sex bias in the SCII but not in the VCS. Overall, the results support the use of the VCS including the Holland themes and the SCII basic interest category. Findings are discussed in relation to their implications for vocational counseling and future research. (28 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Relationship between measured interest patterns and satisfactory vocational adjustment for Air Force officers in the comptroller and personnel fields.

Comparison of personnel data sheet responses and Strong VIB scores for 243 comptroller officers and 1155 personnel officers led to the conclusion that the SVIB reflects the degree of satisfactory adjustment for Air Force officers in each field. For both groups, a significantly larger proportion of those Ss with SVIB patterns most similar to the SVIB patterns of their civilian counterparts express a preference for the Air Force specialty in which they are and a preference to engage in the activity in civilian life. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)