板坯连铸动态控制软件的研究与实现

针对板坯连铸过程中二冷区水量控制的复杂性及铸坯温度场各种工艺参数的优化要求,开发了一种基于实时动态连铸控制方面的软件.采用了实时跟踪定位、均匀切割铸坯时间片的思想.通过建立板坯凝固传热数学模型,并进行离散化处理,优化出合理的温度场分布模型.本软件经模块化处理,集动态铸坯跟踪、二冷水量优化、铸坯温度场计算于一体.经验证,该软件在动态二冷控制过程中实时性强、精度高、鲁棒性好,实际应用前景广阔.     

Novel mold breakout prediction and control technology in slab continuous casting

To realize smooth and high speed continuous casting, the urgent problem is to control the sticking-type breakout efficiently. In addition to improving casting process conditions of inducing stickers, the key is to develop active and accurate breakout prediction and healing control technology. In this paper, a novel logic judgment model for predicting stickers is presented, which is designed for more rows of thermocouples (TCs) in high density, and uses temperature change rate and vertical and horizontal detections to well recognize sticker propagation. Simulation results indicate that new model can accurately and timely detect all stickers, and has a good robustness. After sticking alarm, dynamic control strategies of casting speed according to the location of alarmed thermocouples are proposed for breakout prevention, by investigation on formation mechanism and recovery behavior of sticking-type breakout. The proposed model and control strategy have been validated through its application on a steel plant. The results show that the detection ratio for stickers and frequency of false alarm are 100% and 0.15% times/heat respectively, and the healing rate of the stickers has reached 100%. The case in which breakout still occurs after alarm has been eliminated. The present technology has achieved better performance in prediction and control of the sticking-type breakout and satisfies the requirement for field application.     

基于MPI的连铸模拟并行计算

鉴于连铸模拟计算量大和耗时较长的特点,提出了基于cluster计算环境下的一种并行算法,该算法基于“分而治之”的策略,采用主从模式对模拟计算的SIMPLER算法进行了并行化。通过在cluster并行计算机系统上的数值实验表明,该算法取得了较好的并行计算效果。     

关于板坯连铸拉矫机负荷分配的几种主流解决方案之比较

板坯连铸拉矫机负荷分配技术经过多年的发展,在国内外设计院、工程公司的共同努力下,形成了多种解决方案。本文总结了当前几种主流的解决方案,也对一些较为久远的方案进行了回顾,从性能指标、技术难度、经济性等方面进行了比较。对方坯等其他类型的连铸机也有几件意义。     

Koala 3D: A continuous climbing 3D printer

The size of manufactured parts is naturally bound by the size of their production machines. In this paper, we explore the alternative of making a machine that can continuously navigate along an object being fabricated, producing objects larger than itself. The machine combines a climbing robot and a 3D printer. It uses an infinite fabrication loop which includes printing, reanchoring to a new station, and printing again. We present the design, construction, and characterization of the machine along with experiments on the fabrication of vertical columns. We also demonstrate the freeform fabrication capabilities of the machine by printing a moai statue. The results obtained have a wide range of applications for construction, product fabrication and promisingly broaden the current applications of 3D printing.     

炼钢连铸作业计划的混合遗传优化与仿真分析

为提高炼钢连铸作业计划制定的效率和质量,面向生产工艺流程网络图,建立了一种基于遗传算法与蚁群算法相结合的混合智能优化方法,进行炼钢连铸生产作业计划的编制,并可实现常见扰动情况下的重计划制定;利用基于元胞自动机思想建立的炼钢连铸流程仿真模型,进行生产作业计划的仿真分析和评价。将计划编制模型与仿真模型有机结合,为作业计划的在线动态评价和自动调整提供了一种有效手段。针对某钢厂的仿真实验研究表明：提出的智能优化方法能较好地解决炼钢-连铸生产作业计划的时间不确定性优化问题,可快速生成炉次间作业无冲突的优化生产作业计划。     

板坯连铸机自动控制系统应用

讨论了板坯连铸机的控制系统的分级、基础自动化硬件构成及功能分担等，并以安川自动化系统为例进行了系统配置的描述，同时介绍了应用在连铸机上的典型技术。     

An Overview of 3D Software Visualization

Software visualization studies techniques and methods for graphically representing different aspects of software. Its main goal is to enhance, simplify and clarify the mental representation a software engineer has of a computer system. During many years, visualization in 2D space has been actively studied, but in the last decade, researchers have begun to explore new 3D representations for visualizing software. In this article, we present an overview of current research in the area, describing several major aspects like: visual representations, interaction issues, evaluation methods and development tools. We also perform a survey of some representative tools to support different tasks, i.e., software maintenance and comprehension, requirements validation and algorithm animation for educational purposes, among others. Finally, we conclude identifying future research directions.     

Adaptive robust stabilization of continuous casting

Continuous casting processes can suffer from a disturbance effect, called “dynamic bulging”, that causes large oscillations of the mold level, significantly reduces the quality of the final product and may cause instability and damages. In this paper this effect is analyzed and a new integrated control strategy is presented capable of significantly reduce the dynamic bulging without slowing down the process. The strategy is based on the superposition of two effects, one derived from the prediction of the periodic components of the oscillations and the second based on a robust adaptation scheme. Simulation and experimental results underline the advantages of the proposed method.     

利用OpenGL实现连铸模拟的可视化

连铸技术是借助有效的冷却控制,使钢水连续并逐渐转变为钢坯的工艺过程,连铸坯内钢液的流动和传热直接影响着铸坯的表面质量及内部质量。从可视化角度研究了连铸结晶器内温度场和流场的显示原理及方法,利用Visual C＋＋和OpenGL混合编程技术加以实现,并将屏幕上显示的图像保存为位图文件。     

三维烟雾的实时模拟

提出了一种基于流体力学方程并采取欧拉法实时模拟三维真实感烟雾的算法。通过Navier-Stokes方程建立烟雾流场的物理模型,以保证视觉的真实感。为了保证运算的实时性,烟雾流场划分为三维网格空间,并将烟雾速度场的分布定义于每个立方网格单元的中心点;通过线性插值获取整幅图像中每个像素的烟雾浓度。将烟雾模拟技术用于图像的显示特技中,以产生图像消散成烟雾的视觉效果,得到了比较满意的模拟效果。