烧结规范对粉末冶金法制备的SiCp/Al复合材料挤压态力学性能的影响

实验研究了烧结规范对粉末冶金法制备的SiCp/Al复合材料挤压态力学性能的影响 ,测定了不同烧结规范下该材料在直接挤压态和挤压后T6态的力学性能 ,从而优化了该材料的烧结规范。     

铸造法制备纳米碳管增强镁基复合材料

采用正交试验方法研究了纳米碳管加入量、复合温度、搅拌时间等关键工艺参数对用铸造方法制备纳米碳管增强镁基复合材料过程的影响，并探讨了这些工艺参数对复合材料力学性能和显微组织的作用。试验结果表明，纳米碳管(CNTs)加入能明显细化复合材料的晶粒组织，提高了复合材料的抗拉强度和伸长率，且在所探讨的3个工艺参数中，CNTs对材料的力学性能影响最大，其含量约为1．0％时力学性能最好；其次是温度取较低(680℃)为好；搅拌时间在3min时，其综合性能较好。另外，给出了材料拉伸强度较好和伸长率较好的3个影响因素的最优组合。     

粉末冶金法制备粉煤灰/铝基复合材料的研究

采用粉末冶金法制备粉煤灰增强铝基复合材料。粉煤灰颗粒大多为球形，密度为2．75g／cm^3，颗粒直径主要集中在5～60μm，主要成分为SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3，三者质量分数总和超过85％。SEM分析表明铝基粉煤灰复合材料中存在着颗粒团聚，并有少量气孔产生。随粉煤灰颗粒含量的增加，复合材料的显微硬度相应减小。     

用粉末冶金法制备Cf-Al复合材料研究

以镀铜碳纤维和铝粉作原料,采用粉末冶金法制备了碳纤维增强铝基复合材料,并研究了压制力、烧结温度和碳纤维含量对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,碳纤维含量为5％（质量分数）、压制力小于150MPa时,坯体的密度随着压制力的增大而快速增大;若压制力超过150MPa,则坯体密度随着压制力增大而缓慢上升;低温下,随着烧结温度的上升,复合材料的密度缓慢增大,强度也上升;但高温下,随着烧结温度的上升,材料密度上升速度加快,强度略降。复合材料烧结前后的密度均随着碳纤维含量的增加而降低。     

粉末冶金制备铝及其复合材料的组织与性能

采用粉末冶金的方法分别在Ar气氛保护下及真空炉中制备铝及其复合材料，探讨了坯块的压制压力、烧结温度与时间对粉末冶金铝及其复合材料的影响，并研究了其显微组织与性能。结果表明，只有在足够高的压力和温度条件下（压应力700N/mm^2，温度640℃。700℃），才能获得外形完好、组织致密的铝及其复合材料；铝基复合材料比基体具有更高的致密度，真空炉中烧结的铝基复合材料的致密度达97．20％，其弹性模量、抗拉强度和屈服强度分别为67600N/mm^2、345．7N/mm^2和206．2N/mm^2。     

石墨烯纳米片增强铝基复合材料的制备与性能

采用高能球磨、放电等离子烧结以及热挤压工艺制备含量为5.0％(体积分数)的石墨烯增强铝基复合材料.分别采用X射线光电子能谱、透射电镜及拉伸试验研究挤压态复合材料的显微组织与力学性能,发现5.0％(体积分数)的石墨烯分散在铝晶界上,并且未与铝基体发生界面反应.最终,挤压态复合材料的屈服强度和抗拉强度高达462 MPa和4...     

高能球磨结合粉末冶金法制备碳纳米管增强7055Al复合材料的微观组织和力学性能

采用高能球磨结合粉末冶金工艺制备了碳纳米管(CNT)含量(体积分数)分别为0、1%和3%的CNT/7055Al复合材料。采用OM、SEM、TEM以及拉伸实验等方法研究了CNT/7055Al复合材料的CNT分布、晶粒结构、近界面结构及力学性能,分析了复合材料的强化机制和各向异性。结果表明,CNT/7055Al复合材料为无CNT的粗晶区与富集CNT的超细晶区组成的双模态晶粒结构;CNT在Al基体的超细晶区中分散良好,CNT-Al界面干净清洁,界面反应产物少;3%CNT/7055Al复合材料沿挤压方向的抗拉强度达到816 MPa,但延伸率仅为0.5%。细晶强化和Orowan强化是CNT/7055Al复合材料主要的强化机制。由于CNT沿不同方向的增强效率不同以及粗晶条带组织的存在,复合材料表现出比基体合金更强烈的各向异性,在垂直挤压方向的拉伸性能要弱于沿挤压方向的拉伸性能。     

纳米碳管增强镁基复合材料应力传递有限元分析

结合有限元的分析方法,建立了一个简化模型来模拟纳米碳管增强镁基复合材料在拉伸试验过程中的变形,研究了基体、增强体的应变和应力分布,以及界面对复合材料力学行为的影响,探讨了纳米碳管增强体与基体间的应力传递机制和断裂机理。模拟结果表明,纳米碳管整体上受力比较均匀,在轴向上的界面处出现应力集中;基体与纳米碳管在两端面的接触部位出现明显的应力集中,应力分布呈火焰状,中心大,逐渐向外围减小,在基体的其余部位应力大小则是相对均匀的,这说明复合材料的破坏是从界面处开始的,其破坏机制是界面脱开。     

粉末冶金法制备SiCp/6061Al复合材料的热释放现象

利用机械合金化-粉末冶金制备了SiCp/6061Al复合材料。对实验中发现的一种热释放现象进行了计算机在线测量和初步分析。实验表明，经机械合金化后制备的SiCp/6061Al复合材料中增强体分布均匀，在固溶水淬后有明显的热释放现象，而且热释放的程度与粉末的尺寸、试样的状态有关。试样在室温自然状态下，温度可升高至80℃左右。     

粉末冶金法制备SiC颗粒增强AZ81镁基复合材料性能研究

研究了粉末冶金法制备SiC颗粒增强AZ81镁基复合材料的力学性能及力学性能变化的机理。实验结果表明，与AZ81基体相比，通过加入一定合适体积的SiC颗粒，SiCp／AZ81复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂韧性、硬度均有了较大提高，其最大值分别达到271．61MPa，5．96MPa·m^1/2，2．52GPa。     

Mechanical properties of Al-based metal matrix composites reinforced with Zr-based glassy particles produced by powder metallurgy

Al-based metal matrix composites consisting of pure Al reinforced with different amounts of mechanically alloyed Zr₅₇Ti₈Nb_2.5Cu_13.9Ni_11.1Al_7.5 glassy powder were produced by powder metallurgy, and their mechanical properties were investigated by room temperature compression tests. The samples were consolidated into highly dense bulk specimens at temperatures within the supercooled liquid region in order to take advantage of the viscous flow behavior of the glassy powder. Compression tests show that the addition of the glass reinforcement increases the strength of pure Al from 155 to 250 MPa, while retaining appreciable plastic deformation with a fracture strain ranging between 70% and 40%. The yield strength and the elastoplastic deformation of such composites containing a high volume fraction of glassy particles were accurately modeled using a shear lag model and a self-consistent effective medium approach. Finally, the fracture characteristics of the reinforcing particles were rationalized using a proposed fracture criterion.     

Mechanical properties of Cu-based composites reinforced by carbon nanotubes

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粉末冶金法制备纳米颗粒增强Cu基复合材料

采用粉末冶金方法,以SiC、SiO2、Al2O3和AlN等纳米颗粒为增强相,制备出Cu/SiC、Cu/SiO2、Cu/Al2O3和Cu/AlN等铜基纳米复合材料;研究了各增强相的含量对复合材料的显微组织和性能的影响,比较了不同纳米颗粒对铜基复合材料的增强效果.结果表明,Cu基纳米复合材料随增强相质量分数的增加,密度降低,电阻率略有升高,强度和硬度先升高后降低;退火温度曲线表明,复合材料的软化温度都达到700℃以上,远高于纯铜的软化温度(150℃),大大提高了材料的热稳定性;通过比较得知,在质量分数相同时,所采用的各增强相纳米颗粒对铜基体的增强效果相近.     

激光熔铸多壁纳米碳管增强铝基复合材料

利用激光熔铸技术制备多壁纳米碳管增强铝基复合材料,并使用SEM、XRD对其熔铸成形性以及纳米碳管与基体金属界面结合行为进行观察和分析.结果表明,在单位面积激光能量为800×105J/m2时,纳米碳管增强铝基复合材料能够熔合而不破坏纳米碳管结构;在该复合材料中适量添加表面张力较低的金属Mg,可降低基体铝的表面张力,进而降低铝-纳米碳管的液固界面能,改善铝合金和纳米碳管的润湿性;当纳米碳管含量为5%(质量分数)时,并添加3%(质量分数)合金化元素Mg,激光熔铸的复合材料熔合性较好,铸块致密,在复合铸块的断口上能观察到增强体纳米碳管.     

Friction and wear properties of copper matrix composites reinforced by tungsten-coated carbon nanotubes

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were coated by tungsten layer using metal organic chemical vapor deposition process with tungsten hexacarbonyl as a precursor. The W-coated CNTs (W-CNTs) were dispersed into Cu powders by magnetic stirring process and then the mixed powders were consolidated by spark plasma sintering to fabricate W-CNTs/Cu composites. The CNTs/Cu composites were fabricated using the simi-lar processes. The friction coefficient and mass wear loss of W-CNTs/Cu and CNTs/Cu composites were studied. The results showed that the W-CNT content, interfacial bonding situation, and applied load could influence the friction coefficient and wear loss of W-CNTs/Cu com-posites. When the W-CNT content was 1.0 wt.%, the W-CNTs/Cu composites got the minimum friction coefficient and wear loss, which were decreased by 72.1% and 47.6%, respectively, compared with pure Cu specimen. The friction coefficient and wear loss of W-CNTs/Cu composites were lower than those of CNTs/Cu composites, which was due to that the interfacial bonding at (W-CNTs)-Cu interface was bet-ter than that at CNTs-Cu interface. The friction coefficient of composites did not vary obviously with increasing applied load, while the wear loss of composites increased significantly with the increase of applied load.     

Fabrication,microstructures, and properties of copper matrix composites reinforced by molybdenum-coated carbon nanotubes

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes(CNTs) were coated by a molybdenum layer using carbonyl thermal decomposition process with a precursor of molybdenum hexacarbonyl.The Mo-coated CNTs(Mo-CNTs) were added into copper powders to fabricate Mo-CNT/Cu composites by means of mechanical milling followed by spark plasma sintering.The Mo-CNTs were uniform dispersion in the Cu matrix when their contents were 2.5 vol.%-7.5 vol.%,while some Mo-CNT clusters were clearly observed at additions of 10.0 vol.%-15.0 vol.% Mo-CNTs in the mixture.The mechanical,electrical,and thermal properties of the Mo-CNT/Cu composites were characterized,and the results showed that the tensile strength and hardness were 2.0 and 2.2 times higher than those of CNT-free specimens,respectively.Moreover,the Mo-CNT/Cu composites exhibited an enhanced thermal conductivity but inferior electrical conductivity compared with sintered pure Cu.The uncoated CNT/Cu composites were fabricated by the similar processes,and the measured tensile strength,hardness,thermal conductivity,and electrical conductivity of the CNT/Cu composites were lower than those of the Mo-CNT/Cu composites.     

Preparation and properties of Cu matrix composite reinforced by carbon nanotubes

Cu matrix composites reinforced by carbon nanotubes(CNTs) were prepared. The effect of carbon nanotubes on mechanical and tribological properties of the Cu matrix composites were investigated. The chemical method for coating CNTs was reported. The morphology of the fracture surfaces and worn surface were examined by SEM.The results show that Cu/coated-CNTs composites have higher hardness, much better wear resistance and antifriction properties than those of the reference Cu alloy (Cu-10Sn) and Cu/uncoated-CNTs composite sintered under the same conditions. The optimal mechanical properties of the composites occurred at 2. 25%(mass fraction) of CNTs. The excellent wear resistance and anti-friction properties are attributed to the fiber strengthening effect of CNTs and the effect of the spherical wear debris containing carbon nanotubes on the tribo-surface.     

Mechanical properties of beryllium fabricated by powder metallurgy

A general survey of the mechanical properties of commercially pure beryllium fabricated from powder by vacuum hot pressing and other consolidation methods is presented. The effect of fabrication method, grain size, strain rate, and directionality upon both room and elevated temperature tensile properties is reported.     

Mechanical property enhancement of kinetic sprayed Al coatings reinforced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Significant mechanical property enhancement was observed when kinetic sprayed (KS) Al coatings were reinforced by the addition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Embedding the MWCNTs in a ductile Al matrix through mechanical milling to fractions of 0.5 and 1.0 wt.% led to significant improvements in elastic modulus, micro-hardness, and wear resistance. Reinforcement of the Al matrix with MWCNTs is based on the mechanical interaction of MWCNTs with the Al, i.e. elastic wave reflection and dispersion hardening and toughening. These effects were able to overcome the innate ductility of the Al, thereby widening the potential applications of Al coatings. This study provides insight into the strengthening mechanisms of KS MWCNT reinforced Al composite coatings with respect to the spray process, microstructure and mechanical properties.     

粉末冶金Al3(Zr,Ti)/Al复合材料的组织与性能

为了研究Zr含量变化对Al-Ti-Zr铝基复合材料组织与力学性能的影响,以纯Al粉末作为基体材料,纯Ti粉和纯Zr粉作为增强体材料,采用粉末冶金原位合成法在750℃烧结制备了Al-Ti-Zr复合材料。随后将烧结制备的复合材料加热到400℃进行热压变形处理,测试其组织和性能的变化。结果表明:在Al-Ti-Zr三元体系中,复合材料内部通过置换反应生成Al3(Zr,Ti)化合物;随着Zr含量的增加,复合材料的组织更加均匀、致密化,其抗拉强度、硬度逐渐增加,抗拉强度最大值为227.66 MPa,硬度最大值为132.83 HV0.025;复合材料的耐腐蚀性能随着Zr含量的增加呈现下降趋势,在Zr含量为5%时,复合材料的耐腐蚀性能最佳,其腐蚀电位为-0.67661 V,腐蚀电流密度为1.0214×10^-6 A/cm^2。