二维离散分数阶Fourier变换的双混沌图像加密算法

针对现今分数阶Fourier变换和传统混沌加密的不足,提出了一种基于二维离散分数阶Fourier变换的双混沌图像加密算法。该算法首先借助明文图像信息生成辅助密钥矩阵与输入密钥相结合得到混沌序列,再将生成的中间密文作为二维离散分数阶Fourier变换输入,最后进行置乱操作,使得明文信息得到很好的隐藏。通过实验仿真表明,该算法不仅能有效抵抗统计特征攻击、差分攻击,而且大大改善经传统分数阶Fourier变换后直方图像不平滑的缺点,达到很好的加密效果。     

基于整数小波变换和二维混沌系统的多图像加密算法

为提高当前混沌图像加密算法抵抗选择明文攻击的能力并减轻公用网络传输负担,提出一种基于整数小波变换和二维混沌系统的多图像加密算法.采用整数小波变换对多张明文图像进行数据压缩,对压缩以后的多张明文图像进行交叉组合,通过对同时置乱和扩散操作产生的密文图像进行动态分割,可以生成多张密文图像.所提加密算法可以抵抗选择明文攻击,实...     

基于混合混沌系统的图像加密算法

本文讨论了一种基于chen’s系统和指数映射的图像加密算法。该算法通过设置与明文相关的特定参数对两个混沌系统的输出序列进行变换。通过异或操作交替使用这两个混沌序列,实现了对图像的快速加密。实验结果表明,此算法密钥空间大,对密钥和明文很敏感,置乱效果好,对统计分析具有良好的安全性,并能抵抗已知明文攻击和选择明文攻击。     

对多混沌映射图像加密算法的分析与改进

对一种多混沌映射图像加密算法进行分析,分析结果表明,该算法不能抵抗选择明文攻击和差分攻击,为此提出一种改进的自适应多混沌分块图像加密算法。将图像分成上下两块,使加密因子与明、密文相关联;改进加密公式,使密文与明文、密钥的关系复杂化。实验结果表明,改进算法的安全性高,克服了原算法不能抵抗选择明文攻击和差分攻击的缺陷,拥有更好的密文统计特性,且密钥空间巨大、加密速度快。     

对超混沌系统的图像加密算法安全性的改进*

针对Gao等人提出的一种基于超混沌系统的图像加密算法的安全性缺陷,提出了一种改进的图像加密算法,该算法利用超混沌产生的超混沌序列对明文不同的像素点采用不同的方式进行加密。仿真实验结果表明,改进算法加密效果良好,加密效率更高,在保留原算法优点的基础上克服了其不能抵御选择明文攻击和选择密文攻击的缺陷,具有更高的安全性。     

基于复合混沌系统的图像加密新算法

提出了一种新的图像加密算法。该算法使用一维Logistic混沌映射与复杂的三维Lorenz混沌系统复合生成混沌序列加密矩阵,根据加密矩阵和图像的自身特征,对每个像素点选择不同的方式进行置乱变换和像素灰度变换。安全性分析表明,该算法加密效果良好,加密效率较高,对密钥及明文均十分敏感,密钥空间较大,且扩散性和扰乱性比较理想,能够抵御已知明文攻击和选择明文攻击。     

一种基于自适应参数的图像加密算法

现有的图像加密算法对选择明文攻击安全性较低。针对该问题,提出一种基于自适应参数的图像加密算法,对图像重心公式进行改进,将计算所得的重心坐标作为自适应参数,协同用户密钥输入四维超混沌系统产生混沌序列,进行图像加密,通过可逆数字水印技术将自适应参数保存到加密图像中。实验结果证明,该算法密钥管理方便,能够抵抗选择明文等攻击。     

一种新的基于双向分数傅里叶变换和RGB映射图像保护算法

针对现有图像加密算法的缺点,提出一种新的图像加密算法。该算法采用混沌系统映射、分数傅里叶变换(FRFT)以及RGB映射。整个图像加密包括三个方面:第一是利用混沌系统产生的扰乱矩阵来打乱原始图像,第二是通过分数傅里叶变换对图像进行加密,第三是使用RGB映射规则转换成可视的RGB图像。由于相位掩码的随机性、FRFT阶和混沌系统对初始值的敏感性,算法的安全性得到了极大的保证。理论分析和实验结果表明,该算法安全性好,具有良好的研究价值。     

对一种基于比特置乱的超混沌图像加密算法的选择明文攻击

最近,一种基于比特置乱的超混沌图像加密算法被提出,其核心思想为:首先,用混沌序列对明文图像进行像素置乱操作;然后,根据一个随机序列中相邻两个元素的大小关系对像素进行不同的比特位置乱;最后,把经过比特置乱后的序列与另一个混沌序列进行扩散、混淆运算得到最终的密文图像,从而使明文图像达到更好的加密效果。对该加密算法进行了安全性分析,发现该算法的安全性完全依赖于3个混沌序列,通过选择明文攻击依次破解出原算法中的3个混沌随机序列,恢复出了明文图像。理论分析和实验结果验证了所选择明文攻击策略的可行性,同时对该算法进行了改进,在改进算法中混沌系统的初始值与明文图像的SHA-256哈希值有关,从而使得密钥流与明文图像相关,因此算法可以抵抗选择明文的攻击。     

细胞神经网络与改进AES的超混沌图像加密方案

针对当前一类基于混沌系统的图像加密算法的应用进行研究,提出了一种五维细胞神经网络和AES（高级加密标准）加密算法相结合的超混沌图像加密算法。该方法定义了五个数和提取一个与明文像素值相关的参数作为密钥,通过细胞神经网络生成的超混沌序列作为AES加密算法的目标密钥;将明文与目标密钥进行异或处理;将目标密钥代入算法进行若干次AES加密算法进行加密得到密文。通过实验仿真表明,该算法能较好地抵抗差分攻击、统计特性分析等,而且还能有效抵抗明文攻击,加密效果较好。     

基于改进cat映射与混沌系统的彩色图像快速加密算法*

针对已有基于混沌系统的图像加密算法计算复杂度较高的问题,基于改进cat映射提出一种计算复杂度较低、易于实现的彩色图像加密算法。本算法包括置乱与扩散两层,置乱层采用比特置乱代替传统的字节置乱,彻底打乱图像各像素的位置,并且对传统二维cat映射进行改进,大幅度地提高了计算效率,采用均匀的混沌伪随机产生器动态地改变加解密过程每轮的控制参数,提高了加密系统的安全性;扩散层则采用比特矩阵方法将每块扩散处理。基于真实图像的实验结果表明,本算法可抵御不同类型的攻击,计算效率较高。     

Visually meaningful image encryption using data hiding and chaotic compressive sensing

A visually secure multiple image encryption using chaotic map and compressive sensing is proposed. The existing image encryption algorithms transform a secret image into a random noise like cipher image which can lead to cryptanalysis by an intruder. In the proposed method, compressive sampling is done using a chaos based, key controlled measurement matrix. An image dependent key generation scheme is used to generate the parameters of the chaotic map. The secret images are transformed into wavelet coefficients, and scrambled along a zigzag path, so that the high correlation among them can be reduced and thereby provide increased security level. The sparse coefficients are measured using the chaotic map-based measurement matrix, whose initial parameters are obtained from the keys generated. Then the reduced measurements are embedded into the sub-bands of the wavelet transformed cover image. Therefore, the proposed algorithm is highly sensitive to the secret images and can effectively withstand known-plaintext and chosen-plaintext attacks. Additionally, the cipher image and the secret images are of same size and do not require additional transmission bandwidth and storage space.

     

结合超混沌系统和Logistic映射的视频图像加密算法

对视频图像使用传统的单幅图像加密算法,容易出现算法耗时长、效率低等问题。为提高视频图像加密效率,通过使用细胞神经网络（CNN）超混沌系统和Logistic混沌映射,提出一种单帧逐一加密和多帧组合加密相结合的算法。根据视频帧使用SHA-256生成Logistic初值,经过Logistic映射迭代得到Logistic混沌序列,利用生成的混沌序列对视频帧逐帧扩散。将视频帧以二进制的形式组合成一个矩阵,把根据组合矩阵产生的初值代入CNN超混沌系统,利用得到的混沌序列对组合矩阵进行置乱,视频所有帧各像素点扩散、置乱一步完成,从而缩短加密时间。在此基础上,将组合矩阵重新分解为单帧图像,得到最终加密的视频图像。实验结果表明,在算法中使用高维超混沌系统安全性更高,能够有效缩短加密视频图像的耗时,且能抵抗统计攻击、差分攻击和暴力攻击,具有较好的安全性。     

Image cryptosystem based on plain image correlation rate and selective chaotic maps

In this paper, a new image encryption algorithm is introduced for encrypting grayscale digital images of any size. To improve the encryption evaluation parameters, we suggested that the value of the plain image correlation coefficient be effective in the cryptographic process, so plain images with different properties and correlation coefficient rates are encrypted in different ways. According to the average absolute value of correlation coefficient of plain image, Logistic or Tent maps is selected to generate chaotic sequences to expand plain image matrix. As the first step of the diffusion phase, the plain image matrix is developed with larger size by proper selected chaotic sequences, and simultaneously a chaotic matrix with the same size is generated by chaotic Sine map sequences. In confusion phase, the modified Lorenz map changes pixel locations of new developed matrix by means of certain equations. Then bitwise XOR is applied between developed matrix include plain image and Sine map chaotic matrix, as second step of diffusion phase. Finally, encrypted image is generated after applying exchange operations on the content of pixels, as third step of diffusion phase. Experimental results and comparisons with some of the existing methods, show that the proposed image cryptosystem is able to resist common cryptanalytic attacks and can be used as a secure method for encrypting digital images.

     

An image encryption algorithm based on irregular wave representation

For a gray image, every row (column) can be seen as an irregular wave. Activated by the architecture of permutation-diffusion based image encryption scheme, a chaotic image encryption algorithm is proposed to change the representation of irregular waves in the plain-image. To reduce the high correlation, permutation for both rows and columns is taken in the first stage. Due to the transposition of pixels in row/column, wave shapes will be changed according to the pseudo-random sequences generated from chaotic map. Specifically, pixels in each wave (row or column) are divided into two groups by energy (a bigger one and a smaller one). Then different groups are employed to manipulate the production of chaotic sequence. As a result, the chosen-plaintext and known-plaintext attacks will be difficult due to the plain-image dependent keystream. In the second stage, wave-by-wave diffusion in column is carried out such that any tiny change in the plain-image spreads out uniformly to the whole cipher-image. The keystream used in diffusion is designed again dependent on the permuted image obtained from the first stage. In this way, the security of the proposed algorithm can be further strengthened compared with some existing algorithms. Related security analyses also show that our method can satisfy common requirements of secure communication for daily images.

     

Efficient implementation of chaotic image encryption in transform domains

The primary goal of this paper is security management in data image transmission and storage. Because of the increased use of images in industrial operations, it is necessary to protect the secret data of the image against unauthorized access. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for image encryption based on employing a cyclic shift and the 2-D chaotic Baker map in different transform domains. The Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT), the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), and the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) are exploited in the proposed encryption approach. The characteristics of the transform domains are studied and used to carry out the chaotic encryption. A comparison study between the transform-domain encryption approaches in the presence of attacks shows the superiority of encryption in the DWT domain.     

基于时空混沌和小波变换的图像加密算法

本文提出一种基于时空混沌系统的图像加密算法。首先对明文图像进行Zigzag方式扫描置乱,再对置乱后的图像分块;然后用Logistic混沌系统生成的伪随机序列对其进行置乱,置乱结束后对其进行整数小波变换,利用基于耦合映像格子CML的混沌系统生成三个伪随机序列对低频小波系数进行置乱操作,同时对低频小波系数进行扩散,然后进行整数小波逆变换;最后再由基于CML的混沌系统生成两个伪随机序列对图像像素值进行扩散操作,得到最终的加密图像。经测试,该算法具有良好的加密性能,可以有效抵挡差分、明文等攻击。     

Image encryption based on a combination of multiple chaotic maps

Recent years have seen a rapid evolution of digital communications and an immense use of image transmissions over unsecured links. More specifically, some domains require the exchange of images depicting sensitive information, such as fingerprints, medical records and government or military satellite images. This creates a major challenge for researchers to come up with efficient and effective image encryption schemes. On the other hand, chaotic maps have proven suitable for such applications. This is because they exhibit characteristics such as ergodicity and sensitivity to control parameters and initial conditions. In this paper, an image encryption confusion-diffusion technique is proposed. First, the image pixels are disarranged resulting in a shuffled one which is then diffused through XORing its pixels with a secret key. This key is generated from a combination of different chaotic maps. Performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated utilizing various metrics. The proposed scheme is shown to be robust against differential attacks and resistant to statistical attacks. Its running time is very small which guarantees its efficiency and suitability for real time applications.

     

基于一维混沌映射的高效图像加密算法

随着多媒体技术的发展,基于数字图像的应用日益普及,图像本身的安全问题及图像所有者的隐私问题愈发严重。不同于文本数据,数字图像作为一种二维数据,其数据量大,冗余度高,像素间相关性强,将传统的一维数据加密方法直接应用于图像加密中难以达到加密的效果。当前,基于混沌理论的加密方法是图像加密领域的主流方法之一,其往往采用置乱-扩散的经典结构,利用所生成混沌序列的高随机性保证加密结果的安全性,同时具备较高的加密效率。然而,为了进一步增强加密算法的安全性,此类方法提出了大量复杂的混沌映射,如超混沌、多级混沌等,但它们的计算复杂度较一维混沌映射有了大幅增加。对此,文中设计了一种高效的一维复合混沌映射SPM,其将Sine映射和PWLCM映射结合,扩大了混沌映射的范围并保证了结果的遍历性,在不降低安全性的前提下极大地提升了混沌序列的生成效率;基于此,提出了一种新型结构下的高效图像加密算法,该算法仅需一轮置乱-扩散-置乱过程即可完成图像的加密,相较于传统方法减少了加密的轮数,进一步提升了加密的效率。实验表明,所提方法能够有效抵御选择明文/密文攻击,相较于已有算法,加密效率平均提升了约58%,具备较强的实用性。     

一类广义混沌映射和矩阵非线性变换的图像混合加密

目的 为完善图像加密的理论及算法体系,并为图像加密实践提供性质优良的可行方案。基于Henon映射,构造了一类广义混沌映射：H-S（Henon Sine）映射,并以H-S混沌映射、矩阵非线性变换、矩阵点运算和取整运算为工具,运用序列重排和灰度变换技术设计了一种图像混合加密算法。方法 首先,将第1混沌密钥矩阵与像素矩阵进行非线性变换,通过对变换结果的随机排序,给出原始图像的置乱加密方法;其次,在置乱图像和第2混沌密钥矩阵之间实施与第1阶段参数不同的变换并应用取整运算实现灰度加密。再次,通过逆运算和逆变换实现图像解密。结果 由于混沌密钥、非线性运算和随机因素的联合作用,加密算法具有1次1密的特征,因而具有完备的抗攻击性能;同时算法结构简单、计算复杂度低而便于程序实现;算法规避了常用混沌加密对映射的可逆性要求,对任意大小的矩形图像都有效,具有广泛的适用性。结论 加解密仿真实验验证了算法的可行性和有效性,针对加密时间、图像灰度曲面、图像信息熵、加解密图像的相关性和相似性、密钥敏感性、差分攻击等展开全面的加密性能分析,佐证了加密方案的安全性和鲁棒性。同其他类型的置乱加密算法的比对佐证了算法的优越性。本文算法为任意大小的矩形灰度图像加密提供了参考方案,此方案经过适当调整即可应用于矩形彩色图像加密。