难处理硫化矿生物湿法冶金研究进展（Ⅰ）微生物氧化工艺技术研究

生物湿法冶金技术与传统矿业氧化工艺相比，成本低、无污染，具有广阔的工业应用前景。本文着重评述了国内外在浸矿微生物、培养基的优化、细菌的接种量、温度、酸度、矿石粒度、矿浆浓度、浸出液中As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)浓度等方面的研究进展。     

硫铁化生物炭同步去除水体镉砷影响因素研究

以甘蔗渣为生物质原料制备生物炭,以硫铁纳米材料(FeS2、FeS和S-nZVI)为改性材料,制备黄铁矿-生物炭复合物、生物炭负载FeS和S-nZVI复合生物炭.通过室内模拟实验镉砷复合吸附,对这3种材料同步吸附镉砷的影响因素进行了探讨.实验表明:在酸性条件下,3种材料去除率均达到75％以上,且PH越低达到平衡所需时间越短;腐殖质浓度的增大对黄铁矿复合生物炭干扰最大;磷酸根离子浓度越大,硫铁化生物炭去除率越小,S-nZVI复合生物炭受影响最小;3种材料对As(Ⅲ)和Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附过程均符LangmuirEXT1等温线吸附模型.     

土著微生物参与下河套平原地下水中砷的还原作用

为查明土著微生物活动对高砷地下水形成的影响,利用河套平原高砷地下水中分离出的土著微生物(YH002)进行了微宇宙实验研究.实验结果表明:高砷地下水中加入的葡萄糖提供了微生物生长所需要的碳源,微生物大量繁殖,分泌的有机酸使溶液的pH值降低.在缺氧条件下,溶液中的OD值最高达到了0.189,pH值最低为6.22;在有氧条件下,OD值最高达到了0.286,pH值最低为6.04.溶液中As(Ⅲ)的初始质量浓度为74μg/L,占总砷质量浓度的11.2%,在加入微生物和葡萄糖后,在缺氧和有氧条件下,As(Ⅲ)的质量浓度分别为278μg/L和310μg/L,占总砷质量浓度的42%和47%.微宇宙实验说明地下水中的土著微生物能将As(V)还原成As(Ⅲ).     

抑制荧光猝灭法测定水中痕量砷研究

在硫酸介质中,高锰酸钾氧化吖啶黄,使其荧光猝灭,痕量As(Ⅲ)能抑制该反应,其抑制荧光猝灭程度在一定范围内与As(Ⅲ)的浓度呈线性关系,据此建立了一种抑制荧光猝灭法快速测定痕量As(Ⅲ)的方法。本文对该体系的实验条件进行了研究,结果表明,在最佳实验条件下,方法的线性范围为5.0μg.L~(-1)～500μg.L~(-1),吖啶黄的抑制荧光猝灭程度(△F)与As(Ⅲ)标准溶液的浓度C之间的关系为△F=25.26+75.18C(μg.mL~(-1))(R~2=0.9991)检出限为2.95μg·L~(-1)。该测定方法简便、快速、需样量少、灵敏度高,加标回收率在96%～98%之间,结果满意。     

地西他滨联合三氧化二砷对NB4细胞凋亡作用的研究

目的 研究去甲基化制剂地西他滨(DAC)单用或联合三氧化二砷(As2O3)对NB4细胞凋亡的作用机制.方法 将不同浓度的DAC、As2O3以及两药联合作用于NB4细胞,不加药为对照组,采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞增殖抑制作用,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡.结果 DAC与As2O3单药对NB4细胞的抑制作用呈浓度时间依赖性(DAC 1 μmol/L作用24、48、72 h的抑制率分别为12.18%、22.72%、35.54%;DAC 2 μmol/L作用24、48、72 h的抑制率分别增高为22.14%、31.18%、45.21%;As2O3 0.5 μmol/L作用24、48、72 h的抑制率分别21.09%、32.43%、44.93%;As2O3 1.0 μmol/L作用24、48、72 h的抑制率分别增高为31.69%、41.12%及54.27%),两药联合抑制作用较单药明显(DAC 1 μmol/L+As2O3 0.5 μmol/L作用24、48、72 h抑制率分别为42.10%、48.75%、60.78%)(P<0.05),各浓度组与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);As2O3 1 μmol/L作用于NB4细胞株48 h可见5.8%的细胞凋亡,联合组增高为17.3%.结论 DAC能显著抑制NB4细胞的增殖并诱导其凋亡,DAC联合As2O3对NB4细胞增殖抑制及诱导凋亡有协同作用.     

生物氧化提金生产氧化液中硫的测定方法

在生物氧化提金生产产生的酸性氧化液中含有Fe、As、Zn、Cu、Pb、S等元素,质量浓度分别为Fe 25.00~45.00 g/L、As 2.00~9.00 g/L、Zn 0.10~0.30 g/L、Cu 0.01~0.07 g/L、Pb 0.02~0.03 g/L、S 12.00~30.00 g/L。其中,硫和砷分别以SO2-4(少量SO2-3)和As O3-4的形式存在,为了更准确地检测酸性含砷氧化液中的硫,经过多次实验,建立了一种适用于生物氧化提金生产氧化液中硫的分析方法,为企业生产提供了可靠、及时、准确的分析数据。     

MoO_4~(2-)—I—As(Ⅲ)—Luminol化学发光反应测定砷

本文研究将As(Ⅲ)催化MoO_4~(2-)氧化Ⅰ-产生Ⅰ_2的反应,与Luminol—Ⅰ_2化学发光反应相偶合,建立了测定砷的化学发光新方法.此法的检测限达到0.4ngAs/ml,线性浓度范围为1×10~(-9)～1×10~(-5)g/ml.通过巯基棉分离富集As(Ⅲ),成功地应用于天然水及岩矿样品中痕量砷的测定.     

硫酸盐溶液电解镍过程中As(Ⅲ)和Sb(Ⅲ)的行为

<正>R.R.Samal等研究了质量浓度在0~1 000mg/L范围的As(Ⅲ)和Sb(Ⅲ)对从硫酸盐溶液中电解镍的影响。砷和锑的存在使阴极电流效率降低,同时能耗增加。当加入硫酸镍溶液时,砷和锑都使阴极去极化,导致在更大阳极电位条件下,镍在阴极上还原。X射线衍射仪研究结果表明,As(Ⅲ)和Sb(Ⅲ)     

Adsorption of arsenate and arsenite from aqueous solutions by cerium-loaded cation exchange resin

The removal of arsenic from water and wastewater is obligatory.Resin is one of the most effective adsorbents for the removal of arsenic.In order to improve the adsorption capacity of resin,a new cerium-loaded cation exchange resin arsenic adsorbent was prepared by impregnating cerium into the cation exchange resin.Batch adsorption experiments under various conditions,such as time,temperature,pH and with coexisting ions were carried out to evaluate the adsorption characteristics of cerium-loaded resin in the removal of As(Ⅴ)and As(Ⅲ) from aqueous solutions.The results showed that the adsorption kinetics of As(Ⅴ)and As(Ⅲ)obeyed a pseudo second-order kinetic model and the adsorption rate constants were 0.3159 and 0.5215 g·mg-1 ·min-1 ,respectively.The adsorption of As(Ⅴ)followed the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model and the adsorption isotherm data for As(Ⅲ)fitted well to the Langmuir equation model.The adsorption capacities were 1.0278 mg/g for As(Ⅴ)and 2.5297 mg/g for As(Ⅲ).Both the adsorption of As(Ⅴ)and As(Ⅲ)were found to be pH sensitive and the optimum pH was found to be 5-6.Except for the phosphate ion,the coexisting anionics,such as nitrate,chlorate,sulphate and carbonate,showed no remarkable effect on As(Ⅴ)and As(Ⅲ)adsorption.The desorption and regeneration study showed that the adsorption capacity of Ce-loaded resin for As(Ⅴ)and As(Ⅲ)could be restored to 97.80%and 69.61%,respectively,using 0.5 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution.     

铜阳极泥复合酸浸砷锑铋工艺研究

研究了铜阳极泥经盐酸-硫酸-氯化钠复合酸浸后As、Sb、Bi的浸出效果,考察了氯离子浓度、氢离子浓度、加热温度、搅拌时间、超声时间、固液比对As、Sb、Bi浸出率的影响.结果显示,在氯离子浓度6 mol/L、氢离子浓度6 mol/L、加热温度60 ℃、搅拌时间3 h、超声时间1.5 h、固液比1:9的条件下,As、Sb...     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.