光谱失配对太阳电池短路电流测量准确性影响分析

讨论了基于太阳模拟器和标准太阳电池校准被测太阳电池的方法中,光谱失配对其结果准确性的影响。分析了2块标准太阳电池在2台不同太阳模拟器下的短路电流测试结果,根据待测电池、标准电池的相对光谱响应度以及太阳模拟器光谱和标准光谱辐照度,计算其光谱失配因子,并对比了光谱失配修正前后所得测试结果的偏差。计算方法和实验数据,为太阳电池的校准和测试提供了相关依据。     

不同类型太阳电池光电参数的测量方法

作为太阳电池计量项目．通常从以下两方面进行测试：标准太阳电池在标准太阳光谱条件下的光谱响应度和在太阳模拟器下太阳电池安（I）-伏（V）特性的测量．进而计算出标准太阳光谱条件下太阳电池的标定值。太阳电池的光谱响应特性直接影响着组件能量转换效率．因此．光谱响应度测量对于研究开发太阳电池的响应特性具有重要意义．同时也为多结电池设计提供了参考。     

太阳电池光电性能参数校准方法研究

针对地面用太阳电池的光电性能(I-V特性)参数,建立了基于太阳模拟器法的校准装置,提出了准确的I-V特性参数校准方法。分析了光源辐照度、光源光谱失配、标准与被测太阳电池光谱响应度失配、温度等因素对关键性能参数校准结果的影响,并对其不确定度进行了评定。结果表明:建立的校准装置可实现短路电流(I_sc)、开路电压(V_oc)、最大输出功率(P_m)的相对扩展不确定度分别为1.2%(k=2),0.9%(k=2),1.5%(k=2)。     

标准太阳电池的研制

标准太阳电池通常用于日常校准或测试太阳模拟器的总辐照度,其稳定性及量值的准确性直接影响到被测电池或组件最大功率的确定。该文介绍了一种新型标准太阳电池的设计,较之国外产品增加温控及真空密封等功能,另外通过单晶硅电池叠加青蓝滤光片的方式,模拟制作出非晶硅标准电池,并对两类电池样品的光谱响应度、I-V特性曲线、温度系数等参数进行了测试。     

标准太阳电池标定值计量方法研究

基于差分光谱响应度法搭建了标准太阳电池标定值校准装置,分析了标准太阳电池绝对光谱响应度随电池温度和偏置光辐照度的变化关系,通过数值拟合得到太阳电池短路电流与偏置电流的关系,实现太阳电池标定值测量不确定度1.2%(k=2)。搭建了标准太阳电池标定值户外计量装置,实现测量不确定度2.38%(k=2)。差分光谱响应度法与户外总辐射法测量结果比对的比率值为0.95,表明2种方法测量结果在不确定范围内量值等效。     

稳态型太阳模拟器关键参数对光伏电池短路电流测试结果的影响分析

介绍了太阳模拟器性能等级分类标准,研究了稳态型太阳模拟器的光谱匹配度、辐照不均匀度和辐照不稳定度3个关键参数对光伏电池短路电流测试结果的影响。实验表明,对太阳模拟器进行光谱失配修正能够降低短路电流测试值与校准值的偏差;调整被测电池有效测试平面内的平均辐照度达到标准值要求,能够有效降低辐照不均匀度的影响;对模拟器的辐照不稳定度进行控制,能够降低短路电流重复性测试误差。     

太阳电池片的电性能测量技术

<正>国家光伏产业计量测试中心为了满足光伏产业工作参考太阳电池的测量和光伏产业不断提高的测量校准需求和测量准确度要求,配备整体性能达到行业一流水平的超稳型稳态3A+级稳态太阳模拟器,为光伏企业提供太阳电池片的测量校准服务。测量系统配备了更方便的升降测量平台和供WPVS参考太阳电池独立使用的水冷平台,更便于使用WPVS参考太阳电池作为标准器对太阳模拟器辐照度进行设置;探针     

光刻机曝光面辐照度的测量

本文叙述了用标准探测器方法对光刻机曝光面辐照度的准确测量。标准探测器绝对光谱响应度的确定及修正,给出了现场测量结果,还给出了对光刻辐射计的标定结果。并对测量结果进行了分析     

一种太阳模拟器检测装置的研制

本文介绍了一种太阳模拟器检测装置,以太阳电池模块作为太阳模拟器的辐照度检测模块,数据采集卡作为数据采集模块,所采集的数据经上位机处理,可对太阳模拟器的不稳定度、不均匀度等参数进行现场检测,使得检测流程更为便捷、可靠。     

光伏标准电池室外一级标定的不确定度分析

利用拉萨地区较好的阳光辐射条件,采用室外直接辐照度标定方法建立了标准光伏电池一级标定试验平台,提出了一级标定试验的实验条件及方法。对一级标定试验入射光辐照度、光谱失配修正、电池短路电流及温度等参数进行了不确定度分析及评定,标定结果具有较高的参考价值。室外一级标定采用绝对辐射计溯源至世界辐射基准,测量结果准确可靠,且具有较好的复现性。     

The 1996 North American Interagency Intercomparison of Ultraviolet Monitoring Spectroradiometers

Concern over stratospheric ozone depletion has prompted several government agencies in North America to establish networks of spectroradiometers for monitoring solar ultraviolet irradiance at the surface of the Earth. To assess the ability of spectroradiometers to accurately measure solar ultraviolet irradiance, and to compare the results between instruments of different monitoring networks, the third North American Interagency Intercomparison of Ultraviolet Monitoring Spectroradiometers was held June 17–25, 1996 at Table Mountain outside Boulder, Colorado, USA. This Intercomparison was coordinated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Participating agencies were the Environmental Protection Agency; the National Science Foundation; the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center; the Department of Agriculture; and the Atmospheric Environment Service, Canada. The spectral irradiances of participants’ calibrated standard lamps were measured at NIST prior to the Intercomparison. The spectral irradiance scales used by the participants agreed with the NIST scale within the combined uncertainties, and for all lamps the spectral irradiance in the horizontal position was lower than that in the vertical position. Instruments were characterized for wavelength uncertainty, bandwidth, stray-light rejection, and spectral irradiance responsivity, the latter with NIST standard lamps operating in specially designed field calibration units. The spectral irradiance responsivity demonstrated instabilities for some instruments. Synchronized spectral scans of the solar irradiance were performed over several days. Using the spectral irradiance responsivities determined with the NIST standard lamps, the measured solar irradiances had some unexplained systematic differences between instruments.     

In situ calibration technique for UV spectral radiometers

A technique for calibrating spectral radiometers measuring global (2π sr) irradiance using solar irradiance at the top of the atmosphere as the absolute irradiance reference is reported. In addition to providing a calibration at all measured wavelengths, the technique provides a direct measure of the angular response of the radiometer. For instruments that can be used to measure the ultraviolet-B region, the calibration also provides an estimate of the ozone column amount.     

The 1997 North American Interagency Intercomparison of Ultraviolet Spectroradiometers Including Narrowband Filter Radiometers

The fourth North American Intercomparison of Ultraviolet Monitoring Spectroradiometers was held September 15 to 25, 1997 at Table Mountain outside of Boulder, Colorado, USA. Concern over stratospheric ozone depletion has prompted several government agencies in North America to establish networks of spectroradiometers for monitoring solar ultraviolet irradiance at the surface of the Earth. The main purpose of the Intercomparison was to assess the ability of spectroradiometers to accurately measure solar ultraviolet irradiance, and to compare the results between instruments of different monitoring networks. This Intercomparison was coordinated by NIST and NOAA, and included participants from the ASRC, EPA, NIST, NSF, SERC, USDA, and YES. The UV measuring instruments included scanning spectroradiometers, spectrographs, narrow band multi-filter radiometers, and broadband radiometers. Instruments were characterized for wavelength accuracy, bandwidth, stray-light rejection, and spectral irradiance responsivity. The spectral irradiance responsivity was determined two to three times outdoors to assess temporal stability. Synchronized spectral scans of the solar irradiance were performed over several days. Using the spectral irradiance responsivities determined with the NIST traceable standard lamp, and a simple convolution technique with a Gaussian slit-scattering function to account for the different bandwidths of the instruments, the measured solar irradiance from the spectroradiometers excluding the filter radiometers at 16.5 h UTC had a relative standard deviation of ±4 % for wavelengths greater than 305 nm. The relative standard deviation for the solar irradiance at 16.5 h UTC including the filter radiometer was ±4 % for filter functions above 300 nm.     

The 1994 North American Interagency Intercomparison of Ultraviolet Monitoring Spectroradiometers

Concern over stratospheric ozone depletion has prompted several government agencies in North America to establish networks of spectroradiometers for monitoring solar ultraviolet irradiance at the surface of the Earth. To assess the ability of spectroradiometers to accurately measure solar ultraviolet irradiance, and to compare the results between instruments of different monitoring networks, the first North American Intercomparison of Ultraviolet Monitoring Spectroradiometers was held September 19–29, 1994 at Table Mountain outside Boulder, Colorado, USA. This Intercomparison was coordinated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Participating agencies were the Environmental Protection Agency, National Science Foundation, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, and Atmospheric Environment Service, Canada. Instruments were characterized for wavelength accuracy, bandwidth, stray-light rejection, and spectral irradiance responsivity, the latter with a NIST standard lamp calibrated to operate in the horizontal position. The spectral irradiance responsivity was determined once indoors and twice outdoors, and demonstrated that, while the responsivities changed upon moving the instruments, they were relatively stable when the instruments remained outdoors. Synchronized spectral scans of the solar irradiance were performed over several days. Using the spectral irradiance responsivities determined with the NIST standard lamp, and a simple convolution technique to account for the different bandwidths of the instruments, the measured solar irradiances agreed within 5 %.     

The 1995 North American Interagency Intercomparison of Ultraviolet Monitoring Spectroradiometers

Concern over stratospheric ozone depletion has prompted several government agencies in North America to establish networks of spectroradiometers for monitoring solar ultraviolet irradiance at the surface of the Earth. To assess the ability of spectroradiometers to accurately measure solar ultraviolet irradiance, and to compare the results between instruments of different monitoring networks, the second North American Intercomparison of Ultraviolet Monitoring Spectroradiometers was held June 12 to 23, 1995 at Table Mountain outside Boulder, Colorado, USA. This Intercomparison was coordinated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Participating agencies were the Environmental Protection Agency; the National Science Foundation; the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center; the Department of Agriculture; and the Atmospheric Environment Service, Canada. Instruments were characterized for wavelength uncertainty, bandwidth, stray-light rejection, and spectral irradiance responsivity, the latter with a NIST standard lamp operating in a specially designed field calibration unit. The spectral irradiance responsivity, determined once indoors and twice outdoors, demonstrated that while the responsivities changed upon moving the instruments, they were relatively stable when the instruments remained outdoors. Synchronized spectral scans of the solar irradiance were performed over several days. Using the spectral irradiance responsivities determined with the NIST standard lamp and three different convolution functions to account for the different bandwidths of the instruments, the measured solar irradiances generally agreed to within 3 %.     

标准光伏电池在拉萨自然阳光下的一级标定

为解决光伏电池和光伏组件在测量中的量值溯源问题,在拉萨地区采用室外直接辐照度标定方法建立了标准光伏电池一级标定试验平台,能够同时测量入射光直接辐照度、大气光谱辐照度分布、电池短路电流及温度,并提出了一级标定试验所需的实验条件及实验方法。实验表明:光伏电池一级标定试验平台性能准确可靠,可获得较为理想的标定不确定度结果。