耦合双槽单螺杆挤出机停留时间研究

提供了一种全新的分析挤出机停留时间的方法。在相同螺杆转速下,耦合双槽单螺杆挤出机物料的停留时间低于传统光滑机筒单螺杆挤出机和螺旋沟槽IKV单螺杆挤出机;耦合双槽单螺杆挤出机可以有效提高挤出机的熔融效率,实现高固体输送产量下的熔融效率与固体输送效率的匹配。     

沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机塑化特性的实验研究

采用剖分式机筒单螺杆挤出机实验平台,对熔融段沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机塑化过程中熔融起始点、熔融长度、熔体温度/压力等塑化性能及产量进行了实验研究,比较了不同物料在不同工艺条件下对沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机塑化特性的影响。结果表明,增大螺杆转速或提高机筒温度,塑化过程实际所需熔融长度增加,但对熔融起始点影响不大;熔融段机筒沟槽内熔体温度和熔体压力随螺杆转速增大无明显变化;随螺杆转速增大,沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机挤出产量呈线性增加,表现出良好的挤出特性。     

瞬态熔融理论在单螺杆挤出机中研究进展

总结了瞬态熔融理论的发展历程,并对比了其与螺杆挤出行业中的强制熔体移走的熔融理论。总结了瞬态熔融理论应用于单螺杆挤出机的相关熔融理论的研究,指出将瞬态熔融理论与沟槽机筒和分离型螺杆结合,理论上可提高单螺杆挤出机熔融能力的提升,从而匹配沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机的高固体输送效率,提升单螺杆挤出机的产量和制品质量。     

沟槽机简单螺杆挤出机塑化性能的模拟研究

对传统光滑机筒单螺杆挤出机、固体输送段沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机和熔融段沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机的结构特点、输送机理、熔融热源以及熔融模型进行了对比分析,并对其熔融过程中熔融速率、熔融长度和熔融起始点进行了数值模拟,根据模拟结果分析了机筒结构形式对单螺杆挤出机熔融性能的影响。结果表明,机筒内壁开设沟槽的单螺杆挤出机在结构、机理和性能等方面均优于传统光滑机筒单螺杆挤出机,且将机筒沟槽由固体输送段延伸至熔融段对单螺杆挤出机的熔融性能有显著的提高。     

沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机耦合双槽熔融理论研究

利用自制的液压剖分式沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机实验平台,研究了沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机的熔融长度和螺杆转速的关系,实验验证了单螺杆挤出机固体输送段和熔融段机筒均开设沟槽的耦合双槽熔融理论。结果表明,与传统光滑机筒单螺杆挤出机和IKV单螺杆挤出机相比,在熔融段机筒开设沟槽的单螺杆挤出机的熔融长度较短且熔融过程比较稳定,熔融效率得到较大提高。     

振动诱导单螺杆挤出机熔融过程实验研究

利用剖分式料筒振动诱导单螺杆挤出机以及透明料筒振动诱导单螺杆挤出机对振动力场作用下的熔融过程进行了可视化实验研究，获得了熔融过程的固体床宽度分布曲线；对比了不同振动参数条件下的熔融长度与无振动条件下的熔融长度。实验结果表明，振动的引入可加快熔融进程，缩短熔融长度。对应不同的材料，不同的螺杆转速、料筒温度设置等工艺条件存在一个振动强度范围，在此范围内随着振动强度的增加，熔融速度进一步加快。     

强制加料挤出机的出料计算

本文介绍了开槽机筒挤出机的强制加料机理，分析了开槽区固体物料与机筒之间的摩擦类型以及挤出特性，阐述了在强制输送和与背压相关两种情形下的挤出量计算。对强制加料挤出机的设计，研究及应用均具有参考价值。     

机筒沟槽和螺杆螺槽耦合作用下的熔融理论研究

对固体输送段和熔融段机筒开设螺旋沟槽的单螺杆挤出机,构建了基于反压缩比分离型螺杆和正压缩比沟槽机筒的耦合双槽熔融模型,并通过液压剖分式单螺杆挤出机实验平台对耦合双槽熔融模型进行了验证。结果表明:对于沟槽机筒单螺杆挤出机,利用熔融段沟槽固体塞和螺杆螺槽固体塞在机筒沟槽和螺杆螺槽界面处发生层间剪切产生的大量内摩擦热来实现物料的高效熔融是可行的;实验结果和理论模型相一致;螺杆转速对熔融长度影响不大,而螺杆结构参数则对其影响较大。     

单螺杆挤出机螺旋沟槽固体段产量的实验研究

在自制的测试仪上对单螺杆挤出机螺旋沟槽固体输送段的产量进行了实验研究,探讨了沟槽衬套、螺杆的结构参数,物料粒径大小及螺杆转速对单螺杆挤出机固体输送段产量的影响,同时将螺旋沟槽单螺杆挤出机与IKV挤出机固体输送段的产量进行了对比。实验研究表明：粒径越小,螺旋衬套沟槽越宽,固体输送段产量越高;螺杆螺距变化对挤出机固体输送段产量的影响很小;IKV直槽挤出机固体输送段的产量明显小于螺旋沟槽衬套挤出机的固体输送产量,而且随着转速的增加,趋势越明显。     

数值模拟研究螺筒结构对单螺杆挤出机性能的影响

通过数值模拟研究了机筒内壁开螺槽的螺筒结构对单螺杆挤出机性能的影响。采用POLYFLOW软件模拟了硬质聚氯乙烯(PVC-R)熔体在单螺杆螺筒挤出机以及传统单螺杆挤出机中的三维等温流场及混合过程,并对二者的混合挤出性能进行了比较。结果表明:机筒内壁为螺旋沟槽结构的单螺杆螺筒挤出机,其混合性能相对于传统单螺杆挤出机有所提高。     

Melting performance of single screw extruders with a grooved melting zone

A novel melting model for single screw extruders with a grooved melting zone was established. The whole solid plug, which came from the grooved feed zone, was ruptured and melted mainly by continuously changing the volume of the barrel grooves and the screw channel in the grooved melting zone. A new single screw extruder platform with hydraulic clamshell barrels was constructed to investigate the melting of solid polymer with different combinations of barrels and screws. The melting model was verified by experiments. The results showed that the melting started earlier and finished in a shorter length for single screw extruders with a grooved melting zone than that for conventional single screw extruders and the melting efficiency was improved by introducing a grooved melting zone to a single screw extruder. The theoretical values are consistent with experimental results. The novel single screw extruder with grooved melting zone can dramatically increase the plasticizing efficiency and the throughput.     

Melting model for modular self wiping co-rotating twin screw extruders

A model for the melting process in a self wiping co-rotating twin screw extruder is described. Self-wiping co-rotating twin screw extruders are modular and starve fed. This leads to melting mechanisms that are different from single screw extruders. The melting process in the modular screw configurations generally occurs in specialized sections such as kneading disk blocks. The model, based on our previous experimental observations, considers the formation of two stratified layers of melt in contact with the hot barrel and solid pellets in contact with the relatively colder screw. In the kneading disk blocks, a part of the solid bed is blocked because of the relative stagger between successive disks. The model predicts both the location of melting and melting lengths in a screw configuration. Calculations for individual screw elements and kneading disc elements are presented first. Melting in a modular configuration of these elements is then considered. The effect of operating variables such as mass flow rate and screw speed on melting is then studied. The model is put in a dimensionless form and the effect of various dimensionless groups is discussed. We make a comparison to the experiment and agreement is good.     

Melting process and mechanism for vibration induced single‐screw extruder

The effect of a vibration force field on the melting process of an extruder is studied. It is shown that the mechanism for melting differs from conventional theory. Experimental studies of melting of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) pellets in a vibration‐induced single‐screw (VISS) extruder show that melting is initiated on the inside of the barrel and the surface of screw. Models were developed that explain the melting mechanism in those regions. The melting at the surface of the screw is mainly initiated by frictional work on the pellets by the vibration and rotation of the screw. The melting action at the barrel is induced by a barrel temperature higher than the melting point and propagated by viscous dissipation heating of the melt film produced. The theory is supplemented by a calculation sample, which shows good agreement with experimental data obtained on a transparent barrel VISS (T‐VISS) extruder and a half‐open barrel VISS (H‐VISS) extruder with LDPE. The results of the experiment and calculation sample indicate that the introduction of vibration‐induced field can improve the melting capacity of extruder to a great extent. The present model enables the prediction of processing parameters for VISS extruders, from which the optimum operating conditions can be obtained. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 2504–2514, 2007     

Modeling heat transfer in screw extrusion with special application to modular self‐wiping co‐rotating twin‐screw extrusion

This paper proposes two important models useful for describing heat transfer and temperature profiles in single and modular self‐wiping co‐rotating twin‐screw extruders. One model predicts heat transfer coefficients. Calculations of the barrel and screw heat transfer coefficients are made for various modules in different diameter extruders. We compare the values of the heat transfer coefficients from the model with those from literature. The second model predicts the axial screw temperature profile when the barrel, but not the screw, is heated, Example calculations of the cup mixing and screw temperature profiles are also made for different diameter extruders.     

非啮合异向旋转双螺杆挤出过程可视化研究Ⅱ—熔融过程分析

本文在全程装有视窗的异向旋转、非啮合双螺杆挤出机上进行的可视化实验基础上,描述了这种双螺杆熔融过程的基本特征及熔融现象与操作变量之间的相互关系。     

Increasing the efficiency of the extrusion process

The article presents constructional methods of increasing the efficiency of the polymer extrusion process. Increasing the efficiency of the polymer extrusion process consists in the increase of the flow rate of the processed polymer and the energy efficiency of polymer processing extruders and the decrease of the specific energy consumption and the pulsation of the flow rate and polymer pressure, as well as quality improvement of the received extrudate as a result of better homogenization of mechanical and thermal properties and polymer structure. Therefore, the improvement of the constructional solution of the screw and barrel of the extruder plasticating system was discussed. The improvement of the construction of the screw lies in using the active and passive grooved barrel section. Original constructional solutions of the active grooved section with both longitudinal and helical grooves were shown. The devices increasing the efficiency of the extrusion were also shown, which included a screen changer, a melt pump, and a static mixer. Appropriate conclusions were drawn. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Melting of thermoplastics in single screw extruders

Some experiments on the melting of thermoplastic polymeric materials in single screw extruders are described. Although these were of the now familiar screw extraction type, special care was taken to distinguish between material melted by screw rotation and that melted during the subsequent cooling operation. A barrel which could be split longitudinally was also used, thus avoiding some of the disadvantages of axial extraction. A theoretical model is proposed which, unlike previous models, allows the solid bed of material in the screw channel to accelerate naturally, and also allows for the presence of a film of molten material between the bed and the screw. This model gives satisfactory predictions of melting performance. Comparison with experimental results shows that break-up of the solid bed occurs when the model predicts rapid acceleration of the bed. Bed break-up and the resulting surging may be reduced or prevented by the use of screw cooling which has the effect of inhibiting the formation of a melt film at the screw surface.