湿化学法制备微晶（Y,Mg）—PSZ／MgAl2O4陶瓷的研究

研究了用湿化学法制备Ｙ２Ｏ３－ＭｇＯ－ＺｒＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３四元系超细粉的工艺技术，探讨了包裹沉和包裹沉淀－乙酸镁混合两种制备工艺组成对微晶ＰＳＺ材料结构、性能的影响。经１１００℃适当时间的热处理获得了在ｃ－ＺｒＯ２中具有ｔ－ＺｒＯ２梭形析出体的微晶ＰＳＺ复相陶瓷，其室温强度达８００ＭＰａ，断裂韧笥在１４ＭＰａ，Ｍ＾１／２左右，１０００℃下高温强度可达４５８ＭＰａ。     

湿化学法制备微晶（Y，Mg）－PSZ／MgAl_2O_4陶瓷的研究

研究了用湿化学法制备Ｙ_２Ｏ_３－ＭｇＯ－ＺｒＯ_２－Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３四元系超细粉末的工艺技术，探讨了包裹沉淀和包裹沉淀－乙酸镁混合两种制备工艺及组成对微晶ＰＳＺ材料结构、性能的影响。经１１００℃适当时间的热处理获得了在ｃ－ＺｒＯ_２中具有ｔ－ＺｒＯ_２梭形析出体的微晶ＰＳＺ复相陶瓷，其室温强度达８００ＭＰａ，断裂韧性在１４ＭＰａ·ｍ１／２左右，１０００℃下高温强度可达４５８ＭＰａ。     

Y2O3、MgO复合稳定微晶PSZ陶瓷热处理过程的研究

本文采用工业级ＺｒＯ２作主要原料,利用机械球磨混合工艺,在Ｙ２Ｏ３－ＭｇＯ－ＺｒＯ２－ＡＩ２Ｏ３四元体系中,利用ＭｇＯ、Ｙ２Ｏ３的复合稳定制备出微晶（Ｙ,ｇ）－ＰＳＺ／ＭｇＡＩ２Ｏ４陶瓷。探讨了热处理工艺过程对材料力学性能、相组成及显微结构的影响。     

CGPSZrO2—Si3N4复合材料性能的研究

本文研究了ＧＰＳ ＺｒＯ２－Ｓｉ３Ｎ４复合材料的烧结性能,相组成,显微结构和力学性能,ＺｒＯ２－Ｓｉ３Ｎ４复合材料在１７７０－１８００℃,氮气压力分别为１ＭＰａ,２ＭＰ,３ＭＰａ下烧成,获得相对密度〉９５％烧结体。     

添加剂Y_2O_3对Mg-PSZ显微结构及力学性能的影响

研究了添加Ｙ２Ｏ３对ＭｇＰＳＺ显微结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明,ＭｇＰＳＺ中引入Ｙ２Ｏ３有利于降低烧结温度,促进立方化完全,但烧结体的力学性能有所降低。在１４００℃下热处理,（Ｍｇ,Ｙ）ＰＳＺ材料与ＭｇＰＳＺ一样发生ｃＺｒＯ２→ｔＺｒＯ２的析出过程,析出纺锤状四方ＺｒＯ２晶体。１４００℃热处理１０ｈ获得最大抗弯强度达６４８ＭＰａ,断裂韧性Ｋ１ｃ为８．３ＭＰａ·ｍ１／２。Ｙ２Ｏ３的加入使获得优异力学性能的热处理范围变宽,因而工艺上容易控制。但Ｙ２Ｏ３加入过多使析出困难。最佳加入量为１．０％（摩尔百分数）。Ｙ２Ｏ３的加入还使材料的Ｗｅｉｂｕｌ模数增高至１８．４６,表明（Ｍｇ,Ｙ）ＰＳＺ经热处理后能消除内部缺陷,使材料可靠性提高。     

GPSZrO_2-Si_3N_4复合材料性能的研究

本文研究了ＧＰＳＺｒＯ２－Ｓｉ３Ｎ４复合材料的烧结性能、相组成、显微结构和力学性能。ＺｒＯ２－Ｓｉ３Ｎ４复合材料在１７７０～１８００℃,氮气压力分别为１ＭＰａ,２ＭＰａ,３ＭＰａ下烧成,获得相对密度＞９５％烧结体。实验结果表明：少量的工业ＺｒＯ２对氮化硅有助烧作用,增大氮气压力有利于改善氮化硅陶瓷材料的烧结性能和力学性能;ＺｒＯ２可提高氮化硅基体的断裂韧性,在３ＭＰａ下烧成条件下,添加１５％ＺｒＯ２的Ｓｉ３Ｎ４复合材料断裂韧性可达８．０８ＭＰａ．ｍ１／２,与基体相比提高２１．５％,第二相粒子增韧和微裂纹增韧为主要增韧机理。     

Y2O3改性的MgO—ZrO2共析陶瓷

共析ＭｇＯ－ＺｒＯ２陶瓷添加Ｙ２Ｏ３可以获得高温热稳定性和较佳的力学性能，添加２％Ｙ２Ｏ３时断裂韧性为７．６ＭＰａ．ｍ＾１／２，弯曲强度为６１８ＭＰａ，用透射电子显微镜详细研究和讨论了上述材料的时效显微组织和韧化的原因。     

ZrO2（Y—TZP）和氮气压力对GPSSi3N4材料烧结性能的影响

本文研究了工业Ｚｒｏ２、Ｙ－ＴＺＰ（３ｍｏｌ％Ｙ２Ｏ３）以及氮气大无畏对气氛加压烧结氮化硅陶瓷材料的烧结性能的影响。添加５，１０，１５，２０ｗｔ％ＺｒＯ２或者Ｙ－ＴＺＰ的氮化硅复合材料在１７７０－１８００℃，氮气压力分别为１ＭＰａ、２ＭＰａ、３ＭＰａ下烧成，获得相对密度〉９５％烧结体，少量的工业ＺｒＯ２或者Ｙ－ＴＺＰ对氮化硅有助烧作用，在同一氮气压力下烧成的Ｙ－ＴＺＰ－Ｓｉ３Ｎ４复合的烧结性能均高     

MgO－ZrO_2材料的烧结、显微结构和性能

对会ＺｒＯ２５ｍｏｌ％～２５ｍｏｌ％的ＭｇＯ－ＺｒＯ２材料的烧结，显微结构和力学性能进行了研究。与纯ＭｇＯ材料相比，ＺｒＯ２的添加能起到促进烧结和提高材料强度和抗热震性的作用。１７８０℃烧结试样的显气孔率由１６％降至１％．常温抗折强度由５６ＭＰａ提高到９０ＭＰａ以上，１４００℃高温抗折强度由７．２ＭＰａ提高到４７ＭＰａ以上，热震稳定性也随着ＺｒＯ２含量的增加而提高。     

氧化锆增韧堇青石陶瓷的研究

添加分散的氧化锆对多晶体堇青石进行了增强和增韧。含１０％（按质量计，下同）ＺｒＯ２的氧化锆增韧堇青石陶瓷（ＺＴＣＣ）的抗弯强度（１３０ＭＰａ）较１４００℃，６ｈ制备的人工合成高纯多晶堇青石的（７４．３ＭＰａ）有明显提高。含有５％ＺｒＯ２和１％ＣａＯ二元弥散相粒子的ＺＴＣＣ的断裂韧性增大至２．８３ＭＰａ·ｍ＾１／２。当加入１５％Ｙ－ＴＺＰ，样品的抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别高达１８８ＭＰａ和３．２ＭＰａ·     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。