不同脱硫剂脱除煤中硫的研究

在不同的条件下,考察了不同脱硫剂对煤中全硫和各形态硫的脱硫效果.结果发现,次氯酸钠和双氧水等氧化类脱硫剂对煤中无机硫的脱除效果明显,而甲醇和N,N-二甲基乙醇胺等萃取类脱硫剂对煤中有机硫的脱除效果较好;此两类脱硫剂具有协同效应,配合使用可以增强煤中硫的脱除效果;另外,超声波和微波的辐照作用可以增强有机硫的脱除效率.     

微波氧化脱除煤中有机硫

采用微波联合超声波分别对潞安煤、西山煤、云南煤和阳泉煤进行脱硫研究.考察了氧化剂配比、微波辐照时间、超声波联合微波等条件对煤中有机硫脱除效果的影响.实验结果表明,不同氧化剂配比有不同的脱有机硫效果.其中,V(HAc):V(H2O2)=1∶1时,脱硫效果最佳;微波辐照时间对脱硫率有明显的影响,随着微波辐照时间的延长,有机...     

微生物对脱除煤中有机硫的研究

本文对煤中有机硫的赋存状态,微生物脱除煤中有机硫的机理进行了探讨,并对国内外在微生物脱除有机硫的应用中存在的问题进行了分析,指明了脱除有机硫的研究方向及应用前景。     

应用XPS研究煤中有机硫在脱硫时的存在形态

应用Ｘ－射线光电能谱（ＸＰＳ）研究了几种煤中有机硫在脱硫过程中的存在形态。通过模型化合物（ｍｏｄｅｌｃｏｍｐｏｕｎｄｓ）中硫的２Ｐ层电子的ＸＰＳ结合能，可用来估算煤中硫的归属，如硫醇，硫醚及噻吩类硫，南桐东林煤中有机硫以噻吩型硫为主，亦存在少量硫醇以醚型硫，兖州北宿１６层煤则以噻粉硫硫氧化合物的为主，用乙醇超临界抽提及高能辐射处理２种煤样，均能脱除一定量的有机硫，初步认为乙醇超临界提法能脱除煤中硫     

煤中硫的化学稳定性和洁净煤技术的开发

煤中硫是给煤的加工利用造成麻烦和污染环境的主要杂质。着重考察了煤中无机硫和有机硫的化学稳定性，采用化学净化法无机硫一般可脱除，有机硫只能部分脱除。最后还对洁净煤技术的开发方向进行了探讨。     

中国煤中硫的赋存特征及脱硫

随酸雨而提出的控制ＳＯ＿２污染是洁净煤技术的主题。煤是中国的能源支柱，而燃煤造成的硫污染尤为突出。从空间、时间上讨论了中国煤中硫的分布特征，也从微观上说明了煤中有机硫的分布。统计数据表明：煤中有机硫污染的贡量与日俱增，脱除煤中有机硫是一项迫切任务。介绍了多种脱除硫的方法。开展直接测定煤中有机硫含量和制定有机硫类型的研究，也是一项十分迫切需要解决的课题。     

煤中硫的赋存状态及成因

煤中硫的赋存形态和结构对煤的脱除效率有很大影响,重点对煤中硫的化学形态进行了综述,详细讨论了煤中黄铁矿、有机硫的赋存状态、结构及成因,以加深对硫的认识,为脱除硫提供可靠的理论依据。     

利用四氯乙烯烯脱除煤中有机硫的机理探讨

介绍了利用四氯乙烯脱除煤中有机硫的试验，并根据电子能谱仪对用四氯乙烯处理前后的两种高硫煤样进行测试的结果，探讨了四氯乙烯脱除煤中有机硫的机理。     

酸性条件下电解脱硫对煤质的影响

为研究HCl电解质体系中电化学脱硫对煤质的影响,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FT-IR)等分析方法对原煤和脱硫后煤样进行成分分析,研究煤中矿物化学成分、矿物元素含量、黄铁矿分布形态、煤表面官能团变化等。结果表明,在电解质为HCl,电流密度0.044 A/cm2,煤浆质量浓度0.02 g/m L,电解质浓度0.75 mol/L,煤粒度小于0.5 mm的条件下,电化学脱硫法可有效脱除煤中硫,全硫脱除率为76.32%,其中有机硫、无机硫脱除率分别为62.32%和82.80%,基本实现无机硫和有机硫的同步脱除;煤中灰分较脱硫前降低了9.38%,精煤发热量增加了0.70 MJ/kg,表明电化学脱硫法基本不破坏煤的原有结构,有助于改善煤质。     

煤的生物脱硫（Ⅱ）—脱有机硫

2有机硫的脱除 2.1菌种的开发 70年代末,有关微生物脱除有机硫的研究陆续有所报道.1979年Rog等人用微生物脱除煤中硫时,发现也除掉了少量有机硫.由于对其化学性质还不十分清楚,故在其报告中未强调有机硫的脱除.     

碱性体系中煤中有机硫的电化学脱除研究

以高硫煤为原料,用化学法将其无机硫脱除后,再以此作为电解煤样,在碱性条件下研究了煤中有机硫的电化学脱硫规律。讨论了电解电流、煤浆浓度、NaOH浓度等主要因素对煤中有机硫脱硫率的影响,并确定了适宜电解脱硫条件:NaOH质量浓度4.0mol/L,煤浆质量浓度0.04g/mL,反应温度70℃,电流强度1.0A,电解时间5h,获得了有机硫脱除率为32.50%的较好效果。     

川、渝地区高硫煤中硫的分布形态及其脱除率的初步研究

研究了川、渝地区主要高硫煤矿区各种硫的分布形态和经过实验室洗选后各种硫的脱除特性。试验表明,这些高硫煤中的硫大多数为硫铁矿硫,经过洗选大部分可以脱除,而有机硫含量较大的矿区,洗选脱硫的效果不甚理想。     

Supercritical desulfurization of high rank coal with alcohol/water and alcohol/KOH

A high rank coal with total sulfur of 4.90% was extracted employing alcohol/KOH and alcohol/water under supercritical conditions both in a semi-continuous reactor and in a batch reactor. In the semi-continuous reactor it was found that supercritical desulphurization is mainly taking place within about one hour at 400°C. Pretreatment of coal with KOH up to 5% concentration was favourable for sulfur removal, but greater KOH concentration and longer soaking time brought about the opposite results. When the ethanol concentration was 95 vol % the organosulfur removal achieved the maximum. Ethanol/KOH solution as supercritical solvent enhanced the desulfurization process, in which the inorganic sulfur was removed preferentially. In the batch reactor it was found that there was reincorporation of both organic sulfur and inorganic sulfur. KOH addition can improve the sulphur removal greatly. When KOH/coal ratio was greater than 0.5, the tendency for sulfur removal was gradually slow.     

The influence of process parameters on desulfurization of two Turkish lignites by selective oxidation

The chemical desulfurization of two high-sulfur Turkish lignites was investigated using a mixture of hydrogen peroxide in acetic acid. Sulfur removal was measured with respect to particle size, reaction time, reaction temperature and ultrasonic irradiation. In general, all inorganic sulfur and some organic sulfur were removed from these coals under mild conditions. Cayirhan lignite seemed more reactive towards peroxyacedic acid at slightly higher temperatures and longer reaction times, but under these conditions, solubility was high and yields of solid products declined. Reaction time and reaction temperature slightly changed the level of sulfur removal from Gediz lignite. The level of desulfurization was largely independent of the particle size for Gediz lignite, while sulfur removal from Cayirhan lignite seemed dependent of the particle size reaction temperature and reaction time.     

Desulfurization of a Turkish lignite at various gas atmospheres by pyrolysis. Effect of mineral matter

An investigation was made of the removal of pyritic and organic sulfur by pyrolysis at ambient pressure of a Turkish lignite under nitrogen and carbon dioxide atmospheres and the effect of mineral matter on the sulfur removal in pyrolysis of HCl and HCl/HF-treated coal under carbon dioxide atmosphere. Results obtained indicated that both pyritic and organic sulfur removal increased with increasing pyrolysis temperature. The pyrolysis in carbon dioxide atmosphere had more effect on the organic sulfur removal at high temperatures. As a consequence of treatment of coal with HCl, pyritic sulfur removal increased but organic sulfur removal decreased. This implies that the removal of carbonates from coal negatively affects the organic sulfur removal. The observed decrease in organic sulfur removal may be related to the decrease in pyrolytic conversion. It was observed that HCl/HF treatment has an increased effect on the pyritic removal and organic sulfur removal during pyrolysis. The increase in organic sulfur removal after HF-treatment therefore might be due to the removal of clay minerals in the raw coal structure. In addition, it may be said that the presence of silicate minerals in the coal matrix can be induced that the easily removable organic sulfur compounds are converted to thermally stable and non-removable organic sulfur compounds (thiophenic or condensed thiophenic compounds) at these temperatures. Increase in the pyritic sulfur removal of HCl-treated and HCl/HF-treated coal samples may be attributed to the fact that increase of mass and/or heat transport in comparison with untreated coal as a result of elimination of mineral matter.     

渣油在加氢处理中的硫分布和硫类型变化

采用硫分布和硫类型(GC-SCD)分析技术对渣油在加氢处理过程中硫含量及硫化物进行定量研究,结果表明:硫的总脱除率为86.98%,在上流式和固定床两个阶段的脱除率分别为51.11%和35.87%.渣油随馏分变重,硫含量增加.在<400 ℃渣油馏分中硫化物的类型为苯并噻吩类和二苯并噻吩类,结构复杂的硫化物在上流式反应阶段...     

Organic sulfur removal from coal by electrolysis in alkaline media

Coal slurries were electrolysed in a basic electrolyte (1 M NaOH) in a batch reactor. Platinum gauze electrodes were employed which were separated by a porous teflon frit that confined coal particles to the anode compartment. A three-electrode potentiostatic technique was used to measure rates of reaction.The amount of sulfur removed was found to be strongly dependent on the electrode potential applied. Over 60% of the total sulfur content can be removed by electrolysis. Moreover, it appears higher cell potentials promote organic sulfur removal (70% at 1.8 to 2.0 V), while lower cell potentials promote pyritic sulfur removal (85% at 1.2 to 1.4 V). In addition, hydrogen gas was observed to be produced at the cathode at about half the potential required for conventional water electrolysis, with current efficiencies higher than 96%. The anodic current, and reaction rates increased monotonically with temperature. An apparent activation energy of 12.05 kcal/mol was calculated for coal oxidation in 1M NaOH solution at an applied potential of 1.2 V versus SCE.     

Sulfur transformation during rapid hydropyrolysis of coal under high pressure by using a continuous free fall pyrolyzer☆

The behavior of sulfur transformation during rapid hydropyrolysis of coal was investigated using a pressurized, continuous free fall pyrolyzer under the conditions of temperature ranging from 923 to 1123 K and hydrogen pressure up to 5 MPa. The yields of sulfur converted to gas, tar and char were determined, together with the analyses of sulfur form distributions in coals and chars. The results showed that the decomposition of inorganic sulfur species was affected only by the temperature, while the increases in temperature and hydrogen pressure obviously enhanced the removal of organic sulfur from coal. The extent of organic sulfur removal was proportional to the coal conversion, depending on coal type. A significant retention of gaseous sulfur products by the organic matrix of the char was observed during hydropyrolysis of a Chinese coal above 1023 K, even under the pressurized hydrogen atmosphere. The kinetic analysis indicates that the rate of organic sulfur removal from coal was 0.2th-order with respect to the hydrogen pressure, and the activation energy for total sulfur removal and organic sulfur removal is 17-26 and 13-55 kJ/mol, respectively. The low activation energies suggest that the transformation and removal of sulfur from coal might be controlled by the diffusion and/or thermodynamic equilibrium during hydropyrolysis under the pressurized conditions.     

一种高有机硫煤的化学药剂脱硫研究

选择复合脱硫剂在酸性条件下研究脱硫条件（煤浆浓度、处理时间、复合脱硫剂的浓度及溶液酸度）对高有机硫煤总硫、无机硫和有机硫脱硫率的影响．研究表明,煤浆浓度越低、处理时间越长、复合脱硫剂的浓度越大、处理溶液的酸度越大,总硫、无机硫和有机硫的脱硫率越大,最后对处理液和脱硫精煤进行了组分分析,探讨了酸性条件下复合脱硫剂脱除煤中总硫的反应及脱硫机理．     

Removal of sulfur compounds from canola oil

The effect of a number of physical methods for the removal of sulfur compounds from canola oil was investigated. The methods tested included laboratory deodorization and use of catalyst and of bleaching earth. Nine temperature-time combinations were used for the deodorization. Bleaching earth had little effect on the removal of sulfur compounds from the oil. Other methods removed part of the sulfur. High temperature, longer time and high vacuum for deodorization facilitated the complete removal of volatile sulfur compounds. Treatment of oil with catalyst removed most of the volatile sulfur and part of the Raney nickel sulfur.