循环流化床锅炉Loop Seal型返料装置的试验研究

通过大量的冷态试验,系统地研究了循环流化床锅炉ＬｏｏｐＳｅａｌ型返料装置的外部充气、结构因素对其运行特性的影响,由试验数据回归得到了不同运行条件下外部充气量、固体颗粒循环量以及结构尺寸间的经验关系式,与试验数据比较,吻合较好     

油页岩循环床锅炉中温分离回输系统Loop Seal工作特性的研究

在目前世界上投入商业运行最大容量的 65t/h油页岩循环流化床锅炉上 ,进行了全尺寸的中温分离系统中LoopSeal型返料装置的工作特性热态试验 ,得到了油页岩循环流化床燃烧中温分离回输系统中LoopSeal型返料装置的运行参数、温度特性及其循环物料的颗粒特性和含碳量分布 ,试验结果对油页岩循环流化床锅炉的放大设计与运行调节具有一定的参考价值     

全自动压力试验机数据查询系统的改进

1原数据查询系统及结构缺陷 我公司的全自动压力试验机采用了计算机控制系统，该系统具有良好的人机交互界面，操作方便，控制精度高，加荷速率稳定，能够自动判断试样破碎，自动保存试验数据，试验过程中操作人员只需在压力机操作界面中设置每组试体相应的编号、龄期和类别，试验完毕后运行其数据查询系统，输入要查询的检验日期，     

预排气UASB反应器的优化设计

建立了一种改进结构的ＵＡＳＢ反应器有机质转化率与反应器结构尺寸之间的稳态关系，求解得到了反应器的最佳结构尺寸及相关工艺操作条件，为反应器在高负荷下稳定运行提供了依据。     

渗透诱导结构演化的微流控双重乳液为模板合成聚合物微颗粒的研究

利用渗透压诱导的水分子跨界面传质过程实现了双重乳液尺寸和结构的调控，并将可控演化的双重乳液液滴作为模板，可控制得到中空结构、孔壳结构等多种结构的功能微颗粒。利用微流控技术产生均一尺寸的双重乳液，通过在双重乳液内部液滴和外部水相中采用不同盐浓度来构建渗透压差，使得双重乳液在渗透压差驱动下经水分子跨界面传质发生收缩/膨胀过程，实现对双重乳液尺寸结构的演化和调控，推导了其在演化平衡时内部水滴尺寸的计算公式。利用不同演化阶段的双重乳液为模板，成功制得了具有中空结构和孔壳结构且壳层具有多孔结构的聚合物微颗粒。该研究为新型聚合物微颗粒的设计和可控构建提供一种有效策略。     

超细雾化喷嘴的试验研究

对内混式空气雾化喷嘴和三流路临界空气雾化喷嘴进行了试验研究，得到有关几何结构尺寸和工况参数对雾化细度ＭＭＤ的关系曲线和数据，找出了实现超细雾化喷嘴的一些有意义的参数，为此类喷嘴应用于超细雾化技术提供了可靠的依据和方法。     

超细雾化喷嘴的试验研究

对内混式空气雾化喷嘴和三流路临界空气雾化喷嘴进行了试验研究，得到有关几何结构尺寸和工况参数对雾化细度MMD的关系曲线和数据，找出了实现超细雾化喷嘴的一些有意义的参数，为此类喷嘴应用于超细雾化技术提供了可靠的依据和方法。     

油水分离用水力施流器特性的试验研究

油，水分离用水力旋流器是一种高效、节能的新型分离装置，其结构及尺寸与固、液分离用水力旋流器有较大的差别。通过研究，计算确定了水力旋流器的几何结构及各部分尺寸，并制造了一台样机，在自行设计的试验台上进行了试验研究，分离效率达９５％。同时试验了不同参数（压力Ｐ，流量Ｑｉ，浓度Ｃｉ，分流比Ｆ，尾管长度ｌ３等）对分离性能的影响，找出了一些规律，为进一步深入的研究及试验打下了基础。     

基于BO-DNN模型的混凝土抗压强度尺寸效应研究

尺寸效应对混凝土材料力学性能和结构设计有重要影响。目前试验测试仍是混凝土尺寸效应研究主要手段，受限于样本制作周期及复杂的边界和加载条件，综合成本高，结果离散性较大。本文基于深度学习和贝叶斯优化算法，以大量试验数据为基础，建立了不引入任何简化计算假设的混凝土抗压强度尺寸效应深度神经网络模型(BO-DNN),并与已有尺寸效应模型进行了比较分析，通过改变选定特征参数的值来考察各参数对抗压强度尺寸效应的影响。结果表明：水胶比对抗压强度尺寸效应影响显著，水胶比越小，尺寸效应越明显；抗压强度尺寸效应随骨料粒径的增大呈递增趋势，但增幅随粒径的增大有所减缓；高宽比小于2的试件抗压强度尺寸效应随高宽比的增大而增大，超过2以后尺寸效应基本不再增大；试件形状对抗压强度尺寸效应的影响较小；龄期越大，尺寸效应越显著，但龄期超过90 d后尺寸效应现象趋于稳定。本文提出的预测模型泛化能力强，具有更高的精度和稳定性，能较好地挖掘各特征参数之间复杂的非线性关系，为混凝土材料和结构的工程设计提供理论依据和参考。     

陶氏煤气化工艺概况

得要介绍美国陶氏化学公司（Dow Chemical Co.）煤两段气化工艺的运行原理与特点，说明陶氏原型气化炉结构概况与部分试验数据，提供陶氏煤气化工业装置概略流程及生产数据。     

有侧吹风环流料封阀水平孔口流动阻力特性

引　言循环流化床锅炉由于具有诸多优点 ,使其在国内外得以迅速发展 .然而在已投运的循环流化床锅炉中也暴露出一些亟待完善解决的问题 .环流料封阀是目前在循环流化床锅炉上应用最多的一种固体颗粒回送控制装置 .实际运行表明 ,这种返料装置结构简单、运行可靠 ,能够很好地满足稳定返料和密封的要求 ,是一种很有发展前途的返料器 .但它缺乏对循环物料的调节和控制能力 ,返料室有时会出现局部流化不良从而导致结焦 .试验研究表明[1～ 3],只要环流料封阀在结构上设计合理 ,它就能像Ｌ阀一样 ,对固体颗粒循环量具有调节和控制作用 ,且可在较宽…     

环流料封阀水平孔口流动阻力特性

通过冷态试验详细研究了环流料封阀水平孔口面积对返料特性的影响,获得了不同条件下环流料封阀水平孔口的阻力特性.根据试验结果和理论分析建立了水平孔口压差与通过孔口处的固体流率之间的经验关系式.定义了孔口流量系数新的关系式.这将为环流料封阀的设计与运行提供依据.     

Reasonable Aeration Tap Setting of Burned Oil Sand Particles in Standpipe of a Fluidized Bed

A large scale cold model apparatus of CFB riser reactor was established according to the method of directly fluidized coking oil sand. By changing the position of aeration orifice and amount of aeration air, the solids flux was measured and the location of sensitive aeration orifice above a butterfly valve was fixed(50 mm above the valve). At last, the amount of aeration air for allocation(1~1.5 m3/h) was known and the distance between each pair of consecutive general aeration orifices(about 3 m). And a prediction equation for estimating the relation between the amount of aeration air and the solids flux was established based on experimental data and theoretical analysis, which was Q=6.17Ws0.8529(D/Do)2(L/Lo). The prediction was in good agreement with the experimental data. By using a multi-point pressure pulsation instrument to measure the pulsation at different altitudes of the standpipe, the pressure pulsation curves at different aeration orifices under different amounts of aeration air were drawn. By Fourier transformation, it was found that there was no obvious dominant frequency when oil sand flowed through the circulation standpipe, and each frequency seemed to make equal contribution to the pressure pulsation. The periodical concentration fluctuation of the particles did not exist in the circulating standpipe, and the pulsation intensity was small.     

用活性炭处理焦化废水的研究

研究了活性炭处理焦化废水的规律,考察了活性炭的粒径、投加量和曝气量的影响。结果表明,活性炭对焦化废水具有显著的去除作用,而且恬性炭的粒径越小,曝气量越大,效果越好,达到平衡的时间越短。     

微藻柱状式光生物反应器流动特性及结构的数值模拟优化

微藻作为最具潜力的可再生生物质能源,在生物固碳和生物燃料生产领域优势显著,有助于碳达峰、碳中和目标的实现。通过改善反应器曝气装置的性能可以大幅度提高微藻的培养效率,本工作采用数值模拟方法对柱式光生物反应器的球型曝气结构进行了优化。模拟采用欧拉模型,湍流模型选取k-ε模型,研究分析了不同曝气装置条件下气含率、平均液相速度、湍流动能几种参数的变化和光生物反应器内的流场情况。结果表明,曝气装置结构的变化对光生物反应器内的流动特性具有很大的影响,通过曝气装置向反应器内通气,气含率、平均液相速度、湍流动能随着曝气量的增大而增大,随着曝气装置孔径的增大而减小。综合各相关参数得到当总曝气量为1400 mL/min、曝气孔数为50、曝气孔径为30μm时,曝气装置性能最好,此时测得气含率为68.6%,平均液相速度为0.905 m/s,湍流动能为0.149 m²/s²。     

The effect of bubble size on oil-water separation efficiency for a novel oil-water separation column

Bubble size is a key factor in froth flotation for oil-water separation. In this paper, the bubble size which impacts on oil removal efficiency for a novel oil-water separation column was researched systematically. The bubble size distribution was researched by using the photographic method and Matlab software. In addition, several operating parameters which impact on the bubble size were investigated, including circulating pressure, aeration rate, and the foaming agent. Based on the results of experimental data and image analysis, the frother consumption and aeration rate has important influence on the bubble size. The bubble size can be controlled by adjusting the operation conditions including the circulating pressure, aeration rate, and the frother consumption. The optimum operating conditions for the oil-water separation column were determined. Furthermore, the mathematical model of oil removal efficiency for the oil-water separation column was established.     

Effect of entrapped air bubbles on fine coal dewatering via filtration

An experimental study was conducted to obtain detailed information concerning entrapped air bubbles in fine coal filter cakes and their effects on filtration and the dewatering process. Four size fractions of coal samples (?80 mesh, ?42 mesh, ?82 mesh and ?100 +200 mesh) were investigated. An image analyzer with the aid of quantitative stereology was used to measure the entrapped air bubbles in relation to the microstructure of the filter cake (i.e., the particle and pore size distribution in the filter cake).The results show that the size and number of air bubbles entrapped in the filter cake can be controlled by the degree of aeration/deaeration of the coal slurry prior to filtration. Both the rate of filtration and the extent of dewatering are adversely affected by the presence of air bubbles in the filter cake. These adverse effects can best be understood in terms of the alteration of cake structure caused by air bubbles. Specifically, the reduction in connectedness of pores within the cake matrix tends to impede the flow of filtrate through the filter cake.     

Hopper discharge of cohesive powders using pulsated airflow

An aerated hopper with pulsated aeration was designed to study the effect of square-wave pulsated airflow on the discharge characteristics of cohesive and non-cohesive powders. Experiments were carried out with pulsation frequencies between 0 (continuous) and 50 Hz. Two flow patterns were observed at different aeration rates and pulsation frequencies: intermittent and smooth. For non-cohesive powders, pulsated aeration has a worsening effect on discharge flow. For cohesive powders, results revealed that pulsated aeration can reduce the minimum aeration necessary to allow continuous discharge. And the maximum discharge rate that can be attained applying pulsated aeration is higher than that of continuous aeration and it is significantly more uniform. The aggregates size of the powder was estimated and used to understand the stabilizing mechanism of pulsated aeration on the aggregative discharge. The model value of the minimum aeration rate and the discharge rate were obtained and compared with the experimental values.     

补气料仓中宽筛分粒煤的下料特性

在自行设计的有机玻璃补气料仓系统上对宽筛分粒煤下料特性进行了实验研究,结果表明,料仓出口直径、粒煤粒径和外水分对宽筛分粒煤在补气料仓中的下料特性有显著影响.宽筛分粒煤的下料流率随料仓出口直径的增大而增加,但增加量随着补气量的增加而减小.增加宽筛分粒煤的平均粒径使料仓出口有效尺寸减小,导致物料下料流率减小.增加宽筛分粒煤...     

改性TiO_2电极光电催化降解罗丹明B

以泡沫镍为载体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出负载型Fe-N共掺杂TiO_2光催化剂。使用扫描电镜和X射线衍射对其表面形貌、颗粒大小和晶体结构进行表征。通过实验确定n(Fe)∶n(N)∶n(Ti)=0.001∶0.02∶1时制备的TiO_2催化剂催化性能最好。当初始废水p H为8、外加偏电压为2 V,光电催化降解120 min时,罗丹明B去除率可达到96.8%。在静态实验基础上,利用自制的升流式光电催化三相流化床反应器对罗丹明B进行动态光电催化降解实验,当停留时间为120 min、曝气量为0.5 m3/h、进水流量为120 m L/min时罗丹明B的去除率可达到97.2%。