钒-氮微合金化超低碳贝氏体钢的连续冷却转变特性

研究N含量不同的2种超低碳Fe-Mn-Mo贝氏体钢的连续冷却转变特性.采用热膨胀法测试试验钢不同冷速下的连续冷却转变曲线,用40MAT型激光显微镜观察相应的显微组织转变特征,并进行硬度及强度测试.试验结果表明,Fe-Mn-Mo系超低碳贝氏体钢中添加V和N对贝氏体相变具有显著的影响.贝氏体相区明显扩大.其中高氮钢的贝氏体转变区更宽,晶粒大小为相同冷速下低氮钢的1/3左右,维氏硬度值高出低氮钢40HV,强度高出100 MPa.V-N微合金化超低碳贝氏体钢中析出的V(C,N)粒子促进了贝氏体转变、扩大了贝氏体相区.     

18Cr2Ni4WA钢不同冷速下的组织和性能——兼论获得良好综合性能的淬火方法

本文测定了18Cr2Ni4WA钢奥氏体连续冷却转变曲线,分析了不同冷速下的显微组织,研究了冲击疲劳、旋转弯曲疲劳、断裂韧性和常规机械性能,讨论了组织和性能的关系。结果表明:该钢的显微组织依冷速不同可分别获得板条马氏体、板条马氏体和贝氏体、贝氏体、以至全部为粒状贝氏体。冷却时间约一小时得到以粒状贝氏体为主的组织,其综合机械性能优于其他组织。不同冷速的组织中均存在一定数量和尺寸的(M/A)岛,对疲劳裂纹扩展有阻碍作用,可提高疲劳寿命。     

冷却速度对SA508-3钢显微组织与力学性能的影响

利用快速热膨胀仪测得SA508-3钢奥氏体化后以不同冷速冷至室温的热膨胀曲线,通过切线法分析热膨胀曲线并结合金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察不同冷速下材料的显微组织,确定了不同冷速条件下SA508-3钢的相变类型。发现冷却速度在0.01~0.05℃/s时,发生铁素体相变、珠光体相变和贝氏体相变;冷却速度在0.1~5℃/s时,发生贝氏体相变;冷却速度在10~50℃/s时,发生马氏体相变。使用炉冷、砂冷、油冷三种冷却方式模拟大型锻件不同部位的冷却条件,并测试了不同冷却方式下材料经880℃×1h淬火+640℃×2h回火处理后的力学性能。结果表明:随着冷却速度的增加,显微组织的类型逐渐从铁素体、珠光体组织变为贝氏体和马氏体组织。较快冷速条件下,SA508-3钢可以达到强度和低温冲击韧性的良好结合,而随着冷速降低,材料的强度和冲击韧性同时下降。     

核电SA508-3钢在不同冷速下的显微组织

针对由某公司生产首次应用到核电上的SA508-3钢,采用膨胀法在Gleeble1500D热模拟机上测定了其焊接连续冷却转变的膨胀曲线,结合显微组织和硬度,获得了每个冷速下对应的相变点温度.结果表明,在0.015～0.05℃/s冷速范围内.为高温转变的铁素体和珠光体区,0.1～7℃/s冷速范围内,为中温转变的贝氏体区,20～80℃/s的冷速范围内,为低温转变的马氏体区;随着冷却速度的增大,硬度值也越来越大,0.015℃/s对应的硬度值为199 HV,80℃/s对应的硬度值为546 HV,这为制定合理的焊接工艺提供了依据.     

一种微合金化马氏体不锈钢的连续冷却转变研究

用膨胀法结合金相与硬度分析研究了一种新型水轮机叶片用V、N微合金化CrNiMo不锈钢的连续冷却转变行为,获得了该钢的连续冷却转变（CCT）曲线及不同冷却条件下的显微组织和硬度。结果表明,试验用钢的1、3、和温度分别为580℃、730℃、295℃和190℃,其贝氏体和铁素体分别在冷速小于0.5和0.2℃/s时出现,冷速在0.056~0.5℃/s之间时,硬度随着冷速的增大迅速增加,尔后随着冷速的增大,硬度缓慢升高。     

X70管线钢的CCT曲线研究

利用Gleeble 1500热模拟实验机对低碳微合金X70管线钢进行连续冷却转变实验,并绘制未变形及变形条件下的连续冷却转变(CCT)曲线,同时研究冷速及变形对实验钢组织和硬度的影响。结果表明:实验钢的连续冷却转变产物主要有铁素体、珠光体及贝氏体组织;随冷速的增加,实验钢相转变温度下降;随变形程度的增加,相同冷速实验钢的相变温度略有升高。     

粒状贝氏体和粒状组织强韧化机理的研究

粒状贝氏体和粒状组织强韧化机理的研究本成果深入研究了Ｓｔ─Ｍｎ─Ｍｏ系低碳贝氏体钢成分、组织、热处理工艺和机械性能之间的关系，研究发现：该钢以０．９℃／ｍｉｎ和１５６℃／ｍｉｎ的冷速冷却时可分别获得以粒状组织（Ｇｓ）和粒状贝氏体（Ｂｇ）为主的组织，且...     

高耐候热轧H型钢的连续冷却转变行为及其性能

在实验室利用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机对3种C、Cr成分体系的高耐候热轧H型钢进行连续冷却转变规律测试,研究冷却速度对试验钢组织与显微硬度的影响。结果表明:Cr含量较低的试验钢铁素体转变区域较大,而Cr含量较高的试验钢铁素体转变区域较小;C与Cr含量均较高时,贝氏体转变区域较小,C与Cr元素以一定比例协同作用可改变贝氏体转变动力学过程,增长转变孕育期,减慢长大速度;C含量较低时(质量分数低于0.02%时),在试验冷速范围内,未出现马氏体转变;低碳高铬成分体系试验钢对冷却敏感性较低,冷却速度在5℃/s以内时其性能均满足要求。     

冷却速度对热轧双相钢相变的影响及双相化的可行性

讨论了随着冷却速度的降低，Ｓｉ－Ｍｎ－Ｃｒ－Ｍｏ系热轧双相钢连续冷却转变的组织中多边形铁素体量增多，贝氏体量减少，且贝氏体由羽毛状向粒状转化，当冷速减小到１．２４－０．２℃／ｓ的范围时，组织中出现针状马氏体。此外，该钢的ＣＣＴ曲线上出现了温度间隔约１８０℃的奥氏体亚稳区，为实现双相化热轧工艺提供了理论依据。     

贝氏体钢的组织结构和性能

研究了不同含碳量的贝氏体钢的组织和性能，由于钢中含碳量的差别，在铸态和空冷条件下得到不同形态和数量的贝氏体。在低碳范围得到全部贝氏体组织。随碳量增加，贝氏体量减少，形态发生变化，同时，马氏体量增多．在合适成分，空冷可得到近于半贝氏体和半马氏体组织，这种钢具有优良的综合力学性能和高耐磨性，它比目前现场使用的几种典型耐磨材料有更高的耐磨性能．     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Nb-B bearing low carbon steel plate: Ultrafast cooling <Emphasis Type="Italic">versus</Emphasis> accelerated cooling

The microstructure and mechanical properties of low carbon bainite high strength steel plate were studied via different cooling paths at the pilot scale. There was a significant increase in mechanical properties, and notably, the yield strength, tensile strength, and toughness at -40 °C for the tested steel processed by ultra-fast cooling were 126 MPa, 98 MPa and 69 J, respectively, in relation to steel processed by accelerated cooling. The ultra-fast cooling rate not only refined the microstructure, precipitates, and martensiteaustenite (M/A) islands, but also contributed to the refinement of microstructure in thick plates. The large size M/A constituents formed at lower cooling rate experienced stress concentration and were potential sites for crack initiation, which led to deterioration of low-temperature impact toughness. In contrast, the acicular ferrite and lath bainite with high fraction of high-angle grain boundaries were formed in steel processed by ultra-fast cooling, which retarded cleavage crack propagation.     

管线钢控轧控冷组织与性能

研究超低碳管线钢控轧控冷显微组织及力学性能。对管线钢进行实验室控轧控冷,对轧后试样进行力学性能测试,用扫描电镜和透射电镜对显微组织进行观察。试验结果表明,采用制定的控轧控冷工艺轧制后的试验钢有较好的强度和优异的低温韧性。钢轧后显微组织主要由针状铁素体和粒贝组成;在铁素体板条的内部和品界处存在缠结、塞积、高密度的位错,显著提高了钢材的强韧性。     

Effect of TMCP parameters on the microstructure and properties of Q460qNH steel

The effects of TMCP parameters, consisting of finish cooling temperature and start rolling temperature in non-recrystallization region, on the final microstructure and mechanical properties of Q460 qNH steel were studied by tensile, Charpy impact tests and optical microscopy. The TMCP parameters for Q460 qNH steel were optimized by laboratory experiments. The results show that the yield strength and tensile strength increase with the finish cooling temperature, and the microstructure of Q460 qNH steel consists of ferrite and granular bainite.     

Development of grain boundary allotriomorphic ferrite/granular bainite duplex steel

A new hot-rolled low alloy high strength steel with grain boundary allotriomorphic ferrite/granular bainite duplex micro-structure has been developed through novel microstructure and alloying designs without any noble metal elements such as nickel and molybdenum. Its as-rolled microstructure and mechanical properties, fatigue crack propagation behavior compared with single granular bainitic steel as well as continuous cooling transformation, were investigated in detail. The measured result of CCT (continuous cooling transformation) curve shows that such duplex microstructure can be easily obtained within a wide air-cooling rate range. More importantly, this duplex microstructure has much better combination of toughness and strength than the single granular bainite microstructure. It is found that the grain boundary allotriomorphic ferrite in this duplex microstructure can blunt the rni-crocrack tip, cause fatigue crack propagation route branching and curving, and thus it increases the resistance to fati     

淬火温度对ZG1Cr10MoWVNbN耐热钢铸件组织和性能的影响

研究了淬火温度对ZG1Cr10MoWVNbN耐热钢铸件微观组织和力学性能的影响,结果表明：淬火温度对强度和冲击功有较大影响,1100℃前强度随淬火温度升高快速增加,1100℃后冲击功随淬火温度升高迅速降低。经1100℃×2h空冷＋730℃×3h炉冷至300℃出炉空冷后得到保持马氏体位向分布的回火索氏体组织,具有较好的综合力学性能．     

热处理工艺对低合金耐磨钢组织和性能的影响

通过对低合金耐磨钢热处理工艺试验．研究了不同淬火和回火温度对材料组织和性能的影响．结果表明：经过920℃／30min水淬＋260℃／2h回火处理后,试样晶粒细小,组织为板条马氏体、碳化物和少量残余奥氏体,并具有最佳的冲击韧性和硬度．     

优化热处理钢板冷却工艺的研究

对热处理钢板在冷床上的冷却工艺进行了分析及优化,在确保钢板组织、性能及外形质量基本不受影响的前提下,加快了钢板冷却速度,提高了生产效益。     

回火温度对25SiMnNi2CrMo钢组织和性能的影响

为提高钎具产品的性能和使用寿命,采用OM、TEM、冲击和拉伸试验,研究了正火后不同回火温度对25SiMnNi2CrMo钢组织与力学性能的影响．结果表明,25SiMnNi2CrMo钢920℃正火后不同温度回火,随着回火温度的提高,材料的硬度和抗拉强度呈逐渐下降的趋势,冲击韧度值呈先升高后降低、复又升高的变化趋势,300℃回火后冲击韧度出现峰值,450℃回火出现回火脆性．试验材料在300℃回火后,具有最佳的强韧性配合,具体性能为：抗拉强度σb1391MPa、硬度HRC40、冲击韧性AKV72．5 J．300℃以下回火的组织为回火马氏体＋贝氏体＋残余奥氏体;超过350℃回火,残余奥氏体开始发生分解,组织中有碳化物析出,随回火温度提高,碳化物有聚集和球化趋势．提出了25SiMnNi2CrMo钢最佳回火热处理工艺．     

Effect of fast cooling rate on the microstructure and mechanical properties of low-carbon high-strength steel annealed in the intercritical region

The effect of fast cooling rate on the microstructure and mechanical properties of low-carbon high-strength steel annealed in the intercritical region was investigated using a Gleeble 1500 thermomechanical simulator and a continuous annealing thermomechanical simulator. The results showed that the microstructure consisted of ferrite and bainite as the main phases with a small amount of retained austenite and martensite islands at cooling rate of 5 and 50 ℃/s, respectively. Fast cooling after continuous annealing affected all constituents of the microstructure. The mechanical properties were improved considerably. Ultimate tensile strength(UTS) increased and total elongation(TEL) decreased with increasing cooling rate in all specimens. The specimen 1 at a cooling rate of 5 ℃/s exhibited the maximum TEL and UTS×TEL(20% and 27 200 MPa%, respectively) because of the competition between weakening by presence of the retained austenite plus the carbon indigence by carbide precipitation, and strengthening by martensitic islands and precipitation. The maximum UTS and YS(1 450 and 951 MPa, respectively) were obtained for specimen 2 at a cooling rate of 50 ℃/s. This is attributed to the effect of dispersion strengthening of fi ner martensite islands and the effect of precipitation strengthening of carbide precipitates.     

Microstructures and properties of 550 MPa grade high strength thin-walled H-beam steel

The microstructures and mechanical properties of 550 MPa grade lightweight high strength thin-walled H-beam steel were experimentally studied. The experimental results show that the microstructure of the air-cooled H-beam steel sample is consisted of ferrite, pearlite and a small amount of granular bainites as well as fine and dispersive V（C,N） precipitates. The microstructure of the water-cooled steel sample is consisted of ferrite and bainite as well as a small amount of fine pearlites. The microstructure of the water-cooled sample is finer than that of the air-cooled sample with the average intercept size of the surface grains reaching to 3.5 gna. The finish rolling temperature of the thin-walled high strength H-beam steel is in the range of 750 ~C-850 ~C. The lower the finish rolling temperature and the faster the cooling rate, the finer the ferrite grains, the volume fraction of bainite is increased through water cooling process. Grain refinement strengthening and precipitation strengthening are used as major strengthening means to develop 550 MPa grade lightweight high strength thin- walled H-beam steel. Vanadium partially soluted in the matrix and contributes to the solution strengthening. The 550 MPa grade high-strength thin-walled H-beam steel could be developed by direct air cooling after hot rolling to fully meet the requirements of the target properties.