含氟织物整理剂的发展概况及展望

综述了含氟织物整理剂的功能、发展简史、品种、特殊结构特点。包括含氟单体和非氟共聚单体的种类及作用．并展望含氟织物整理剂的发展方向,提出多功能化、低温干燥化、通用化以及与其它材料拼合应用的研究方向。     

含氟拒水整理剂对夜光涂层织物性能的影响

采用含氟拒水整理剂对织物先进行拒水整理,再对拒水整理后的织物进行夜光涂层。通过SEM、余辉亮度测试仪、织物风格仪对涂层织物性能进行表征,讨论了拒水剂质量浓度对涂层织物的发光性能、耐磨性能、悬垂性能、拉伸性能、抗皱性能以及厚度的影响。结果显示:随着含氟拒水剂质量浓度的增加,涂层织物的耐磨性能下降较明显,发光性能和涂层厚度均逐渐降低,但手感和抗皱性能明显改善,断裂强力和断裂伸长逐渐增大。当拒水剂质量浓度为30g/L时,夜光涂层织物各方面性能较好。     

无皂乳液聚合法合成含氟聚合物的研究进展

含氟聚合物由于其优异的物理和化学性能以及广阔的应用前景而受到关注,近年来成为研究的热点。基于含氟聚合物无皂乳液的最新研究进展,综述了含氟聚合物无皂乳液的制备方法,其中主要包括可聚合乳化剂共聚法、加入助溶剂法、水溶性单体共聚法、添加无机粉末法、加入两亲性聚合物法和采用两亲性结构RAFT试剂聚合法。系统地归纳了含氟聚合物无皂乳液在功能微球、表面施胶剂、皮革涂饰材料、织物整理剂和涂料粘合剂等方面的应用,并展望了其今后的发展方向。     

无皂乳液聚合法合成含氟聚合物的研究进展

含氟聚合物由于其优异的物理和化学性能以及广阔的应用前景而受到关注,近年来成为研究的热点。基于含氟聚合物无皂乳液的最新研究进展,综述了含氟聚合物无皂乳液的制备方法,其中主要包括可聚合乳化剂共聚法、加入助溶剂法、水溶性单体共聚法、添加无机粉末法、加入两亲性聚合物法和采用两亲性结构RAFT试剂聚合法。系统地归纳了含氟聚合物无皂乳液在功能微球、表面施胶剂、皮革涂饰材料、织物整理剂和涂料粘合剂等方面的应用,并展望了其今后的发展方向。     

CGF-亲水型有机硅织物整理剂

近年来,随着合纤工业的迅速发展,化纤织物的品种和产量日益增多。这些织物虽然强度大,耐穿,但普遍存在着吸湿性小、静电积聚严重、易沾灰坐、摩擦系数大、手感粗糙发硬等缺点。新的织物整理剂,尤其是有机硅织物整理剂的出现,对于解决上述问题具有十分重要的意义。有机硅织物整理剂能赋予织物柔软、滑爽的手感,提高织物     

含氟织物整理剂的制备

以顺丁烯二酸酐、八氟戊醇为原料合成马来酸单酯,并进一步探索了以马来酸单酯、苯乙烯为聚合单体,过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂,丁酮为溶剂合成含氟整理剂。研究了合成马来酸单酯和含氟整理剂的最佳工艺条件。研究结果表明,合成马来酸单酯的最佳优化条件为:顺丁烯二酸酐与八氟戊醇的质量配比为1.2∶1,反应温度为85~90℃,反应时间为4~5h,催化剂为无水乙酸钠,催化剂用量为八氟戊醇质量的6%,产物的转化率为98.87%。合成含氟整理剂的最佳条件是:马来酸单酯与苯乙烯的质量配比为2∶1,反应温度为79℃,反应时间为4~5h,引发剂的用量为马来酸单酯质量的6%,丁酮用量为30mL,烘干温度为90℃,整理剂防油级别为6级。     

基于电子束辐照加工的纯棉织物抗皱功能化研究

利用反应性有机硅整理剂结合电子束辐照加工技术提高纯棉织物的抗皱性能,以整理剂浓度、浸泡时间以及辐照剂量为因素进行正交试验,将织物的折皱回复角作为指标筛选出最佳工艺。结果表明,最佳工艺为:整理剂浓度160g/L,浸泡时间18h,辐射剂量43kGy,在该工艺参数下整理得到的纯棉织物的折皱回复角达到了175.6°,比原样增加了33.13%,接枝率为11.20%,白度下降到原样的88.24%,经纬向强力保留率分别为77.09%和84.27%,经过5次洗涤后织物的折皱回复角下降5.3%,耐洗性能较好。分析辐照前后织物的红外谱图以及扫描电镜图可知,有机硅与纤维素大分子链间发生反应,形成了稳固的交联结构,限制了大分子链的相对滑移,从而提高了纯棉织物的抗皱性能。     

生物质高分子织物整理剂应用和发展趋势

生物质作为可再生资源的重要组成部分,具有原料来源广泛、成本低廉、环境危害较低的优点,在高分子材料领域具有重要的地位。结合国内外生物质高分子织物整理剂的研究现状,综述了壳聚糖及其衍生物、环糊精、酪素以及丝素等生物质在高分子多功能织物整理剂合成中的应用现状和今后的发展趋势。     

含氟有机硅拒水整理剂的合成及应用

以十三氟辛氧丙基甲基二氯硅烷和二甲基二氯硅烷为原料,通过催化缩合制备了混合环硅氧烷,再加入四甲基二乙烯基二硅氧烷作为封端剂,通过开环聚合制备了3种不同氟含量的氟硅拒水整理剂,并以氢基硅油作交联剂应用于棉织物整理。通过红外光谱(FT-IR)和核磁共振(1H-NMR)表征了产物的结构,研究了整理剂的种类及用量对整理效果的影响。结果表明,该拒水整理剂对棉织物的拒水效果明显,当浓度为15 g/L时,拒水等级均可达到5级。与甲基有机硅整理剂相比,含氟有机硅整理剂整理后的棉织物具有更好的拒水性和耐洗性。     

夜光涂层拒水织物的制备及其性能

采用30g/L的含氟和有机硅拒水剂分别对织物先进行拒水整理,再对拒水整理的织物进行夜光涂层,讨论两种不同拒水剂整理对夜光涂层织物的牢度性能、发光性能、耐水洗性能、防水透湿透气性能以及表面形态的影响。结果显示,未经拒水整理的夜光涂层织物的牢度、发光性能和透湿性比经拒水整理的要好,但是耐水洗、透气性和拒水性能要差;有机硅拒水剂整理的夜光涂层织物的牢度、发光性能、耐水洗性和透湿性均比含氟拒水剂整理的要好,但是透气性和拒水性均不如含氟拒水剂整理的夜光涂层织物。     

全氟聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯聚合物的制备与应用

为了得到具有优良防水防油性能的织物整理剂,以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚酯二元醇(PE1000)、N-甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)为原料合成出交联聚氨酯,再以苯乙烯(St)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、全氟丙烯酸酯(FA)为单体、偶氮二异丁腈(BPO)为引发剂,通过溶液聚合制备了全氟聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯聚合物织物整理剂。本文对聚合物进行了表征并讨论了其对织物防水、防油的应用效果。实验表明,通过阳离子全氟聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯聚合物处理的织物表面对水的接触角可达136°,对石蜡油的接触角可达120°。     

微胶囊技术在纺织行业中的应用

介绍了国内外微胶囊在纺织品染色、印花和化学后整理的发展近况、应用及前景     

让人们穿得更好——21世纪纺织科学与工程学科的前沿概述

“纺织科学与工程”学科多年来有了很大发展，中国人民告别了缺吃少穿的历史。纺织品和服装在我国的国民经济中占相当重要的地位，出口创汇和顺差占显著的位置。为了迎接新世纪的挑战，21世纪的纺织科学与工程学科的前沿将主要围绕着发展开发新品种，实现新功能；引进高新科学技术，加速改造纺织科学与工程学科；新型纺织染整加工新技术与设备的发展；纺织生产、经营、销售、交付、运输、资金等新的管理运转模式的转变等四个方面。21世纪将是产业用纺织品飞速发展的时代。     

基于氧化石墨烯及其复合材料的纺织品抗菌整理研究进展

作为石墨烯的含氧衍生物,氧化石墨烯(GO)因其优异的物理、化学性能而受到广泛关注。本文首先分析了GO的抗菌机制,其次总结了GO与金属粒子、金属氧化物和有机物的抗菌复合材料的研究进展,然后探讨了基于GO及其复合材料的纺织品抗菌整理方法及其优缺点,最后提出了GO及其复合材料在纺织品抗菌整理方面的研究方向。      

Functionalization of textile materials with silver nanoparticles

Nanoparticles gained much scientific attention in the past decade due to their specific surface chemistry and properties which are significantly different from that of the corresponding bulk materials. Silver nanoparticles were the most extensively studied and they can be already found in a wide range of commercially available products. This article reviews the latest developments in finishing of textile materials with differently synthesized silver nanoparticles. Although antimicrobial activity of functionalized textile materials was primarily discussed, the possibilities to apply silver nanoparticles as a colorant or antistatic agent were also evaluated. In addition, the effect of chemical and physico-chemical activation of fibers before loading of silver nanoparticles on their binding efficiency was considered. Taking into account the importance of environmental impact of novel technologies, potential environmental risks emerging from silver release during washing of textile materials have been also discussed.     

Photocatalytic activity and UV-protection of TiO2 nanocoatings on poly(lactic acid) fibres deposited by pulsed magnetron sputtering

The application of nanocoatings in the textile finishing is increasingly being explored because they open a whole new vista of value-addition possibilities in the textile sector. In the present work, low temperature pulsed DC magnetron sputtering method was used to create functional TiO2 nanocoatings on poly(lactic acid) textile fibres surfaces. In this study, the principal objectives in the application of TiO2 nanocoatings to textile materials are to impart UV protection functions and self-cleaning properties to the textile substrates. The TiO2 films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy and contact angle analysis. The Photocatalytic activity of the films was tested by measuring the photodegradation rates of rhodamine-B dye aqueous solution under UV light irradiation. The ultraviolet protection function was tested according to the Australian/New Zealand standards. It was observed that the TiO2 nanocoatings on poly(lactic acid) fibres showed an excellent ultraviolet protection (> 40) function and the photocatalytic efficiency was maintained even after a strong washing treatment.     

聚醚/二苯甲酮类紫外吸收基聚硅氧烷应用性能研究

对有机硅抗紫外线整理剂侧基聚醚/二苯甲酮类紫外吸收基聚硅氧烷(PE-PUVSi)在100%棉布上的应用性能进行了研究.结果表明:经PE-PUVSi整理后的棉织物具有明显的抗紫外效果,柔软性能有很大改善.研究还发现,PE-PUVSi中二苯甲酮紫外吸收基(UV)质量分数由4.67%增至26.58%时,整理后织物的紫外光透过率由71.0%降至38.1%,但整理后织物的吸湿性下降,白度变略有下降.柔软性能在UV质量分数为19.29%时达到最好,此时紫外光透过率为43.6%.     

Development and antibacterial performance of silver nanoparticles incorporated polydopamine–polyester-knitted fabric

Metallization is one of the finishing processes in textile treatment that can produce multifunctional effects. The present study dealt with the development of an antibacterial polyester-knitted fabric via facile and green impregnation of silver nanoparticles (SNPs). This was done by applying a polymeric foundation on the polyester-knitted fabric by simply dip-coating in the aqueous solution of dopamine. Then the SNPs were in situ fabricated and impregnated on the surface of polydopamine-modified polyester-knitted fabric in an aqueous solution of AgNO₃ at room temperature. Thus, a multi-functional finishing of polyester-knitted fabric was done. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was done to confirm the polymer attachment. Scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray was done to confirm the presence of SNPs on treated fabric. The crystallography of the treated surface was examined by X-ray diffraction. The antibacterial properties of treated fabrics against broad spectrum bacterial strains were investigated and found significant.     

Haftfeste Metallisierung von Filtermedien mit Vakuum‐Arc‐Technologie

Adhesive metallization of filter media by means of vacuum arc technology Textile filter media made of high‐performance fibres are used for separation of pollutants from industrial exhaust gases with higher temperatures. PVD‐coating is an innovative process for antistatic finishing of high‐temperature resistant textiles. PVD‐metallizations are extremely adherent, conductive and does not affect the throughput of gas. The results are the base for the industrial use in different textile applications.     

Dielektrische Barrierenentladung zur Behandlung von Sonnenschutzgeweben

Dielectric Barrier Discharge for the Treatmentof Sun Protection Fabrics In order to optimize the performance properties of textiles, in particular with respect to resistance toward sun light, about 60 percent of the awning fabrics produced at Schmitz‐Werke are pretreated by means of atmospheric pressure plasma. Focus of the current development efforts is to find new potentials for the products of tomorrow by exploitation of the possibilities using innovative combination processes. In addition, the aim is to further improve existing fabric materials with respect to both visual and functional properties. Formerly sun protection fabrics were made of yarns of pure cotton and later also of polyacrylonitrile. For awning fabrics polyester yarns have gained importance have been modified by a combination of a plasma treatment and nanotechnology including advanced textile auxiliaries and finishing processes to produce a modern and robust sun protection system.