Estimating Drilling Parameters for Diamond Bit Drilling Operations Using Artificial Neural Networks

Diamond bit drilling is one of the most widely used and preferable drilling techniques because of its higher rate of penetration and core recovery in the hardest rocks, the ability to drill in any direction with less deviation, and the ability to drill with greater precision in coring and prospecting drilling. Conventional bit analysis techniques include mathematical methods such as specific energy and formation drillability. In this study, artificial neural network (ANN) analysis as opposed to conventional mathematical techniques is used to estimate major drilling parameters for diamond bit drilling, i.e., weight on bit, rotational speed, and bit type. The use of the proposed methodology is demonstrated using an ANN trained with information obtained from 45,000?m of diamond bit drilling operations conducted on several formations and locations in Turkey. The studied formations include shallow carbonates as well as sandstones in the Zonguldak hard coal basin. The neural network results are compared to those obtained from conventional methods such as specific energy analysis. It was observed that the proposed methodology provided satisfactory results both in relatively less documented and drilled formations as well as in well-known formations.     

井巷机具伤害事故的分析与对策

文章采用事故树分析方法对井巷机具伤害事故进行分析,从人的不安全行为、物的不安全状态和管理缺陷三个方面入手,找出引起事故发生的25个基本原因（事件）,根据各个基本事件之间的逻辑关系,编制出井巷机具伤害事故树。求出事故树最小割集、最上径集和各基本事件结构重要度。最后根据事故分析结果,提出了预防事故的六条对策。     

双点后方交会在矿区测量中的应用

对《测量学》课本上"双点后方交会法"的求解公式作了进一步的推演;结合CASIOfx-4800p(或fx-4500p)计算器的特点,编制程序计算法,解决了野外作业计算复杂、山区测量引点困难的问题。     

Earthbound Civil Engineering Experience for Space Applications

Since the dawn of civilization, the civil engineering profession has served mankind. Civil engineers have provided humanity with safe, reliable, and economical facilities and a livable environment. This paper seeks to outline the potential applications of various Earth‐based civil engineering fields for the engineering, construction, and operation of facilities in space stations in Earth orbit, bases on the Moon and Mars, and the exploration of other extraterrestrial bodies. On Earth, civil engineers have played a key role in design, construction, and operation of ground‐support facilities since the beginning of the space program. The vast and diverse Earth‐based knowledge and experience earned by civil engineers could be applied to create a suitable infrastructure in space to satisfy human needs. Therefore, civil engineers can play a significant role in the future expansion of human endeavors into space. The time has come for civil engineers throughout the world to come together; take the challenge posed by time, human needs, and ambition; and extend their joint expertise toward large‐scale projects in space for the benefit of all.     

三维可视化技术在矿山工程中的应用

介绍了矿山工程的特点和三维可视化技术应用矿山工程的优越性以及三维可视化面临的技术难点,以某露天矿山工程为实例,探讨了露天矿山工程三维可视化建模的基本步骤。     

无切井扇形中深孔爆破拉槽法在红旗沟—深水潭金矿的应用

切割拉槽是无底柱分段崩落法重要的采矿工艺之一,拉槽质量严重影响着后续矿房间柱爆破回采效果。对于矿岩破碎松软的采场,采用常规的有切井拉槽方法存在施工切井、平台搭设及爆破顺序交替等重大安全隐患。无切井扇形中深孔爆破拉槽法能够克服上述缺点,施工工艺简单,拉槽质量高,节省了切割天井的施工,并从根本上保证了人员作业的安全,具有很好的推广应用价值。     

物探综合方法在××矿区找矿应用

金、银贵金属是人类最早发现和使用的金属资源,也是迄今为止应用最广泛的金属之一。通过物探综合勘探方法(重力、磁法、电法),结合地质信息进行综合研究分析,推断矿体平面和深部赋存状态。利用次级断裂成矿的原理,寻找金、银矿床资源。     

Junction Flow between Drop Shaft and Diversion Tunnel in Lyss, Switzerland

A diversion tunnel is planned for flood protection in the City of Lyss, Switzerland. This tunnel includes a junction, from which water from a side creek is added to the tunnel flow. The latter is sensitive to choking, so that the junction had to be optimized in a hydraulic laboratory investigation. Its setup finally consists of a drop shaft and an injector generating annular flow in the tunnel. Free surface tunnel flow then occurred for all relevant discharges. This setup is also of interest in sewer systems as well as in spillway and diversion tunnels, where similar problems may occur. The concept was optimized for a specific prototype. General recommendations may be derived for similar situations.     

Sociology of Professions: Application to the Civil Engineering “Raise the Bar” Initiative

This paper applies the sociological theory of professions, as espoused by Abbott and Freidson, as a conceptual framework to assess the critical issues associated with the ongoing implementation of ASCE Policy Statement 465—also called the “Raise the Bar” initiative. The sociology of professions provides an objective basis for evaluating key aspects of the initiative, including publication of the civil engineering body of knowledge, raising educational standards for licensure, collaboration with other engineering disciplines, and defining the role of paraprofessionals. The analysis demonstrates the following: (1)?the models of professionalism by Abbott and Freidson are highly applicable to civil engineering; (2)?most aspects of Policy Statement 465 implementation are consistent with these models; (3)?the initiative is contributing to the strength of the profession as intended; and (4)?some future additions and adjustments appear to be warranted. From this analysis, the author derives recommendations for the future direction of the Raise the Bar initiative.     

GPS-RTK技术在矿山测量中的应用及优缺点

文章简要介绍了GPS-RTK技术基本原理及构成,阐述了GPS-RTK技术在矿山测量中的应用,分析了GPS-RTK技术具体应用中的优势和缺点,并就RTK技术在实际应用中遇到的问题提出相关的见解。     

Shaft Capacity of Open-Ended Piles in Sand

This paper presents the results from an experimental investigation designed to examine the effect of soil-core development and cyclic loading on the shaft resistance developed by open-ended piles in sand. An instrumented open-ended model pile was installed either by driving or jacking into an artificially-created loose sand deposit in Blessington, Ireland. The tests provided continuous measurements of the soil-core development and the radial effective stresses during installation and subsequent load tests. The equalized radial effective stresses developed at the pile-soil interface were seen to be dependent on the degree of soil displacement (plugging) experienced during installation, the distance from the pile toe, and the number of load cycles experienced by a soil element adjacent to the pile shaft. A new design method for estimating the shaft capacity of piles in sand is proposed and compared with measurements made on prototype field-scale piles.     

冲击式反向循环钻在高海拔矿山的应用

本文通过冲击式反向循环钻在高海拔矿区所进行的生产探矿实践,详细阐述了Explorac 100型钻机在5100米以上高海拔矿山运用的优缺点,通过验证提出了相关改正意见,为高海拔矿山中设备的应用提供了借鉴。     

Integrated Civil Engineering Curriculum: Five-Year Review

An integrated curriculum, which draws material from different areas to teach students about design and problem-solving, offers civil engineering educators an option for accommodating new topics without increasing the number of courses. Freshman engineering and the senior capstone course are two examples of integrated courses, and the writers present a 5-year perspective on an approach that extends the concept of integration to six additional courses, comprised of an 8-course, integrated civil engineering core curriculum. Drawing on their combined experiences with the courses and assessment in a review by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, the writers conclude that the curriculum offers a useful vehicle by which to add material to the 4-year program without increasing the number of credit hours, and offers flexible courses to meet goals of professional groups. The paper describes lessons learned, challenges that remain, and current approaches to improvement.     

Applications and Issues of GIS as Tool for Civil Engineering Modeling

A tool that has proliferated within civil engineering in recent years is geographic information systems (GIS). The goal of a tool is to supplement ability and knowledge that already exists, not to serve as a replacement for that which is lacking. To secure the benefits and avoid misuse of a burgeoning tool, engineers must understand the limitations, alternatives, and context of the tool. The common benefits of using GIS as a supplement to engineering modeling are summarized. Several brief case studies of GIS modeling applications are taken from popular civil engineering literature to demonstrate the wide use and varied implementation of GIS across the discipline. Drawing from the case studies, limitations regarding traditional GIS data models and the implementation of civil engineering models within current GIS are identified and countered by discussing the direction of the next generation of GIS. The paper concludes by highlighting the potential for the misuse of GIS in the context of engineering modeling and suggests that this potential can be reduced through education and awareness. The goal of this paper is to promote awareness of the issues related to GIS-based modeling and to assist in the formulation of questions regarding the application of current GIS. The technology has experienced much publicity of late, with many engineers being perhaps too excited about the usefulness of current GIS. An undoubtedly beneficial side effect of this, however, is that engineers are becoming more aware of GIS and, hopefully, the associated subtleties. Civil engineers must stay informed of GIS issues and progress, but more importantly, civil engineers must inform the GIS community to direct the technology development optimally.     

日本企业管理特点及推进冶金机械企业管理的意见

介绍了日本式管理的特点，结合国内冶金机械行业实践，提出了推进冶金机械企业管理的几点意见。     

Design and Fabrication of FRP Grids for Aerospace and Civil Engineering Applications

This paper presents the results of experimental and analytical studies of the performance of composite grids as well as fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) grid reinforced concrete columns. FRP grids and FRP grid confined concrete cylinders were instrumented and tested under uniaxial compressive loading. Test variables included types of composite materials and the spacing of composite circular ribs. It is shown that the proposed FRP grids can be constructed by filament winding, the process can be automated, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Results show that the proposed FRP grids have substantial ultimate load that make them attractive for use in aerospace applications, and that confinement of concrete by FRP grids can significantly enhance the strength, ductility, and energy absorption capacity of concrete as compared to steel confined concrete. Equations to predict the compressive strength and failure strain were developed. Comparisons between the experimental and analytical results indicate that the proposed models provide satisfactory predictions of ultimate compressive strength and failure strain.     

采矿神经网络模型在金川二矿区的开发应用

介绍神经网络的基本概念及其模型特征,叙述金川二矿区３ 个采矿神经网络模型的输入和输出信息的详细内容,使用方法,及在生产中的应用效果。