基于周期规律的加权时态关联规则挖掘算法

数据挖掘过程中只考虑数据项权重或者只考虑时态语义会导致挖掘结果不全面。针对该问题,对加权关联规则、时态关联规则和时态数据周期规律进行研究,将权值、K-支持期望和周期等概念引入到时态关联规则中,提出一种基于周期规律的加权时态关联规则挖掘算法。以某管理系统审计数据为例进行实验验证,结果表明该算法能够准确地挖掘出数据库中的加权时态关联规则,与加权关联规则算法相比,在时间复杂度相同的情况下能使关联规则的挖掘结果更加全面。     

一种加权时态关联规则挖掘算法

许多现实数据库都存在时态语义问题,因此在挖掘关联规则时附加上时态约束会使规则更具有实际意义。但目前提出的大多数时态关联规则挖掘算法,一般都认为每个数据项的重要性相同,而从决策者角度出发,往往会优先考虑利润较高的项目。提出了一种加权时态关联规则挖掘算法,以项目的生命周期作为时间特征,允许用户设定不同的项目权重。实验结果证明,该算法不仅能有效地发现加权时态关联规则,而且挖掘出的规则更有价值。     

基于审计的时态关联规则研究

传统关联规则挖掘很少考虑关联规则的时间适用性.时态关联规则是指带有时态约束的关联规则,每个关联规则都有着其成立的时间区域.结合其他算法的特点,提出了基于Fisher聚类的时态关联规则挖掘算法,它能够动态地发现关联规则以及关联规则有效的时间区域.实验结果证明该算法是合理有效的。     

基于定制时间约束的正负时态关联规则挖掘

传统关联规则挖掘是在整个事务数据库的时间范围内进行的,但有时用户想得到某一特定时间范围(如商品的促销阶段)内的关联规则,该文对这一问题进行了详细讨论,提出了基于定制时间的时态支持度、时态频繁项集、时态置信度、时态关联规则等概念,在传统Apriori算法的基础上提出了挖掘时态频繁项集的算法。另一方面,讨论了当同时考虑正、负关联规则出现的矛盾规则问题以及用相关性解决这一问题的方法,提出了挖掘正负时态关联规则的算法,实例说明了算法的执行过程及有效性。     

一种基于时态约束的加权关联规则挖掘算法

时态关联规则是指带有时态约束的关联规则,针对现有的大多数时态关联规则挖掘算法并没有考虑数据项的不同重要性,提出了一种新的加权时态关联规则挖掘算法。算法以项目的生命周期作为时间特征,并且允许用户设定不同的项目权重。算法采用了树和矩阵的数据存储结构,挖掘过程中只需扫描一次数据库,同时利用向量之间的交集操作加快了加权支持度的计算速度。仿真实验表明,优化算法具有良好的挖掘效率。     

基于频繁项集树的时态关联规则挖掘算法

针对目前时态关联规则研究中存在的挖掘效率不高、规则可解释性低、未考虑项集时间关联关系等问题,在原有相关研究的基础上,提出一种新的基于频繁项集树的时态关联规则挖掘算法.通过对时间序列数据进行降维离散化处理,采用向量运算生成频繁项集,提高频繁项集挖掘效率.考虑到项集之间的时态关系以及树结构的优势,提出一种新的频繁项集树结构挖掘时态关联规则,其挖掘频繁项集与树结构构建同时进行,无需产生候选项集,提高了规则挖掘效率.实验表明,对比于其他算法,所提出算法在挖掘效率和规则解释性方面效果更好,具有较好的应用前景.     

数据挖掘中加权时态关联规则的构造

传统的关联规则很少考虑规则的时间适用性,而时态关联规则中每条关联规则都有其成立的时间区域,对上述问题进行了一定的改进。该文在此基础上,构造了一种体现数据时间价值的加权时态关联规则,以使规则的发现体现一种时间趋势,并对同一组数据采用不同关联规则挖掘的结果进行比较,取得了良好的效果。     

基于多维时态关联规则的演化模糊推理预测算法

挖掘时态关联规则的目的是为了发现带有时态信息的项集之间有趣的关系.由于数据库经常动态更新,时态关联规则的挖掘也应该适应数据库的更新.然而,现有的大多数算法不仅需要重新挖掘更新的数据库,浪费了大量的时间和效率,而且不能利用已存在的规则定量地预测某些项的变化趋势.本文提出了一个基于多维时态关联规则的演化模糊推理预测建模算法（Evolving fuzzy inference model based on multidimensional temporal association rules,EFI-MTAR）,主要优势是构建了一种基于多维时态关联规则的模糊推理建模算法（Fuzzy inference modeling algorithm based on multidimensional temporal association rules,FI-MTAR）,实现了对时间序列的定量预测.此外,为了降低规则更新的代价和加快规则预测的速度,提出了概念漂移检测策略来处理时间序列数据以适应数据库的动态更新.实验结果表明了本文提出算法的有效性和准确性.     

基于时态约束的关联规则挖掘算法

分析时态约束关联规则挖掘的TCAR算法,针对其在挖掘频繁时态项集时效率较低的问题,提出一种基于时态约束的关联规则挖掘算法。该算法对源数据库进行处理,缩减存储空间,并在更新挖掘最大频繁项集算法基础上,挖掘最大频繁时态项集。实例分析结果表明,该算法能提高整体挖掘效率。     

一种增量时态关联规则算法

由于时态数据都有较强的时间性,即数据会随时间的变化而变化,当前已发现的某些关联规则可能不再有效。因此,我们提出了一种时态约束下的增量式关联规则挖掘算法,随着新数据的产生,增量地更新关联规则集,尽可能地只处理新数据。该算法主要是根据时态事件模型和序列模型以及Apriori原则,在快速更新算法思想基础上产生的,在实际应用中有很大的意义,能对股票数据、银行数据、超市数据和气象数据等时态数据进行分析和研究。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。