无氟乳浊玻璃

氟化物是常用的玻璃乳浊剂,但污染环境。阐述了无氟乳浊玻璃如磷酸盐乳浊玻璃、氧化物乳浊玻璃、分相乳浊玻璃的成分和制备工艺,并指出存在的问题和发展方向。     

纺织用无氟拒水剂的发展

含氟拒水整理剂性能优异,可使织物获得良好的拒水效果;但随着其中间体全氟辛基羧酸和全氟辛基磺酸的生态毒性和健康风险被发现并逐渐深入人心,开发无氟拒水整理剂以替代含氟拒水整理剂,显得越来越紧迫。本文从织物拒水机理及含氟拒水整理剂的危害出发,介绍历史上无氟防水拒水整理剂的发现与发展,并对当今主要无氟防水剂商品化品种及其进展作简单的介绍。     

织物防水喷雾防水防油性能的研究

本文分别研制了含氟碳类和无氟类两种防水喷雾,采用模拟方法和标准方法表征了它们的防水拒油性能,探讨筛选了优化配方,并在纯棉和聚酯织物上测试了防水拒油的效果。结果表明:自制含氟产品处理的棉和聚酯布具有良好的防水、油的作用;自制无氟产品处理的布片具有良好的防水性能,同时相比国外市售品,气味更低,使用舒适度较高。     

成果转让

成果转让无氟硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料江苏省化工研究所成功地开发出无氟硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料用聚醚多元醇的替代含氟产品技术路线。该聚醚多元醇具有粘度低、耐温性能优良，泡沫强度高、尺寸稳定性能良好，适用于制造全水发泡体系，烷烃类发泡体系和ＨＣＦＣ－１４１６体系的无...     

R_2O—BaO—P_2O_5磷酸盐玻璃形成特点和基本性质的研究

磷酸盐玻璃的性质和形成规律的研究比硅酸盐玻璃少得多。由于磷酸盐玻璃的化学稳定性比普通硅酸盐玻璃差,原料价格高等因素,降低了它的实用性。但是磷酸盐玻璃具有某些特殊性能是其他系统玻璃不能达到的,若对特定的磷酸盐系统作适当成分调整后,仍可以获得基本性质较好,有实际应用价值的特种光功能玻璃,如激光介质材料和特种光学     

磷酸盐多孔微晶玻璃的研制及其在无机抗菌剂方面的应用

以组成为ＮａＴｉＯ３（ＰＯ４）３－０．９Ｃａ３（ＰＯ４）２的基础玻璃制备了磷酸盐多孔微晶玻璃,并对其性能进行了研究。通过对其进行银离子交换并对交换后的载银磷酸盐多孔微晶玻璃进行处理,制备了具有抗菌耐久性的磷酸盐多孔微晶玻璃抗菌剂,并 抗菌剂的抗菌性能和抗菌机理。     

铝青铜玻璃模具

苏联萨波罗日机器制造研究所制造了铝青铜合金(10-4-4),并以此制成玻璃模具。这种材料的特点是耐氧化、耐热,并且具有良好的导热性能。以此作为模具材料,大大改善了玻璃成型机的工作情况,延长了模具使用寿命。在生产无氟玻璃     

载银磷酸盐玻璃的缓释及抗菌性能研究进展

载银磷酸盐玻璃是一种新型抗菌材料.通常磷酸盐玻璃的化学性质不稳定,在水中可溶且溶解速率可调.银离子具有优良的抗菌性能,载银磷酸盐玻璃由于其缓释性和抗菌性,在诸多领域具有潜在的应用前景.综述了近年来该材料的研究成果,概述了其合成方法,总结了其结构和性能,及其在水处理剂、洗衣机、肥料、塑料和医学实践等领域的应用进展,并对其...     

含氟、磷Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2系玻璃的核化行为研究

以Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2三元系(LAS)微晶玻璃为研究对象,采用DTA测试技术研究了含磷无氟和含磷有氟LAS玻璃的核化行为,分析了氟、磷离子对LAS玻璃核化过程的影响机制。研究结果表明,氟、磷离子对LAS玻璃的核化过程有不同的作用机制,含氟磷玻璃的最佳核化制度为700℃/1h,而含磷玻璃为740℃/1.5h。氟离子降低了析晶峰温度和核化温度,改善了玻璃的核化及晶化过程,而磷离子增加了核化温度,延长了核化时间。     

无机抗菌磷酸盐玻璃及其性能的研究

采用高温熔融法,在磷酸盐玻璃的配合料中引入抗菌剂硝酸银,一次熔化制得抗菌玻璃材料。通过对磷酸盐玻璃的抗菌性能和缓释性能分析,结果表明:制备抗菌磷酸盐玻璃,合适的银含量为1.5%~2.0%(质量),处理温度在1200~1350℃,即可获得良好的抗菌效果和缓释性。     

玻璃成分设计的进展

介绍了玻璃成分设计原则、发展的阶段和计算机模拟设计。玻璃成分设计发展的阶段分为摸索设计阶段、经验设计阶段、实验设计阶段和理论设计阶段。目前为止,工厂大部分停留大实验设计阶段,利用线性关系式和实验系数进行玻璃成分设计。阐述了计算机的模拟设计,包括正交设计法和优化设计法。列出了利用数据库和专家系统进行玻璃成分设计的流程。最后建议除了根据玻璃性质、使用功能和制造成本要求进行玻璃成分设计外,还应将节约能源、减少污染作为量化指标,进行玻璃成分设计。     

玻璃组成的设计与控制技术探讨

玻璃组成决定玻璃特性,根据玻璃性能要求进行科学快速的成分设计,当玻璃组成确定后,商业化生产时如何确保玻璃组成稳定以保证玻璃特性稳定,进而确保玻璃质量稳定十分重要。通过对玻璃用途以及性能要求,探讨组成的设计与控制技术,并利用科学手段实现组成的优化设计和快速控制,达到节省时间和成本、提高效益的目的。     

Modification of Alkali-Free Glass Compositions for Fiberglass Production

An alkali-free boron-free glass fiber composition is developed which in its main characteristics surpasses fiber of type E. The fiber based on the developed glass composition is recommended as a filler for high-strength glass plastics which can operate under the long-term effect of aggressive media. The technological parameters of the developed composition make it possible to produce the fiber on available machinery.     

玻璃丝废料在陶瓷釉料中的应用

通过考察有关玻璃瓦厂玻璃丝生产工艺和对其化学组成的检测分析,将玻璃丝的特性进行分析。然后根据玻璃丝的性质,应用于陶瓷釉料中,从而找到最佳配比及应用的工艺条件。     

Electrical and Magnetic Characteristics of Iron-Containing Glass in Crystallization

The effect of heat treatment on the phase composition, microstructure, and properties of glass ceramics is studied. The possibility of obtaining glass ceramic materials of virtually the same composition with a wide range of electromagnetic characteristics on the basis of iron-bearing glass is demonstrated.     

影响化学钢化玻璃强度的因素

了解在化学钢化过程中影响玻璃强度的因素对提高化学钢化玻璃的性能非常重要。文章叙述了玻璃组成、盐浴成分、处理时间、处理温度对化学钢化玻璃强度的影响。     

Development of a West Valley Nuclear Waste Glass by Empirical Modeling

The first full-scale conversion of high-level commercial U.S. nuclear wastes to a glass suitable for long-term storage and disposal will be conducted at West Valley, Now York. The development of a nuclear waste glass for this demonstration project utilized a statistically designed study that led to empirical models of melt viscosity, electrical conductivity, crystallinity, and chemical durability as functions of glass composition. The method by which the candidate glass composition was chosen using these models is described, and the adjustments to the candidate composition in response to the evolving plant design are discussed.     

OGS用高强度面板玻璃成分

介绍了OGS（One glass solution）面板的特点和对玻璃性能的要求,阐述了OGS面板玻璃的成分和性质,并指出了面板玻璃成分的发展方向。     

钛酸铅微晶玻璃介电性能研究

主要对钛酸铅系铁电性微晶玻璃的介电性能做了研究,研制的微晶玻璃初始组成由形成主晶相的氧化物和形成玻璃相的氧化物构成,经过熔融、热处理可以得到以钛酸铅为主晶相的微晶玻璃,分析了不同组成情况下微晶玻璃的介电性能.     

Models and Experiments for Sodium Evaporation From Sodium-Containing Silicate Melts

Universal simulation models based on (a) validated mass transfer relations and (b) thermodynamic modeling procedures for glass melts are developed to predict the evaporation rates of volatile species from a large range of glass melt compositions. Depending on the glass composition, temperature of the surface of the melt, local composition of the atmosphere, exposure time of a melt layer to the combustion atmosphere, and local gas velocities above the glass melt surface, the evaporation rates of volatile species can be estimated. Laboratory-scale transpiration evaporation experiments have been used to study evaporation kinetics, to derive mass transfer relations, as well as to validate the sodium evaporation modeling results for sodium-silicate melts as well as for soda-lime-silicate melts. In these investigations, the molten sodium-silicate and soda-lime-silicate melts are exposed to atmospheres of flowing gases with controlled composition and gas flow rates. In a humid atmosphere for example, sodium mainly evaporates as NaOH. From the measured NaOH evaporation rates and the mass transfer relations, the NaOH vapor pressures in equilibrium with the molten glass at prevalent temperature and furnace atmosphere composition were derived. The NaOH vapor pressures are assumed to be in equilibrium with the glass melt composition at the surface of the melt. During the evaporation test, the Na₂O surface composition will change due to depletion. This leads to equilibrium vapor pressures decreasing with time, reflecting the changing chemical activity at the glass melt surface. The results of evaporation tests for sodium-disilicate and soda-lime-silicate glass melts are shown. Chemical activities derived from these measurements are compared with the results of thermodynamic modeling, using a method based on a glass melt from ideal mixtures of associate (stoichiometric) species of structural compounds with known thermodynamic properties.