Multidimensional scaling of the causes for negative interpersonal behavior.

Conducted studies to determine empirically the dimensions underlying attributions made for negative behavior in a close interpersonal relationship (a marriage). 96 university students rated the similarity of 13 causes given either by the enactor of a negative behavior (i.e., the actor) or by the person affected by the behavior (the partner or spouse). A multidimensional scaling analysis of these data yielded 2 dimensions in each condition. The interpretation of these dimensions was guided by data from 68 additional Ss who rated the 13 causes on bipolar scales (e.g., temporary–permanent). Dimension 1 in both conditions was interpreted as "positive vs negative attitude toward spouse." Dimension 2 of the actor condition was interpreted as "intentional vs unintentional" and Dimension 2 of the partner condition as "actor's traits vs circumstances or states." These dimensions are discussed in relation to the a priori causal distinctions made in current attribution writings and previous findings concerning actor–observer biases. (18 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)