温度和变形参数对Q345C钢连铸坯热塑性的影响

用Gleeble-2000热模拟机研究了Q345C钢250 mm×1 300 mm连铸坯热履历-连铸坯冷却过程和冷坯加热过程(300～1 320℃)的温度变化,应变速度(3～3×10-4 s-1)和降温速率(1～20℃/s)对热塑性的影响。结果表明,Q345C钢从1320℃冷却到钢的第Ⅲ脆性区,冷却速度越高,钢在第Ⅲ脆性区塑性越差;在600～850℃,连铸坯冷装加热后的热塑性要好于从液态直接冷却到这个温度区间的热塑性;在钢的第Ⅲ脆性区内,钢的热塑性随变形速率增大而变好。     

含铌微合金高强度钢Q345C连铸坯的热塑性

 通过Gleeble-2000 试验机研究了Q345C钢连铸坯的高温热塑性。利用扫描电镜、金相显微镜、透射电镜观察了第Ⅰ、Ⅲ脆性温度区内拉伸试样断口部位的显微组织及形貌,分析了动态再结晶、相变、析出物等对微合金化钢高温延塑性的影响。结果表明：在1×10-3/s应变速率下, Q345C钢存在两个脆性温度区,即第Ⅰ脆性区（1200～1300℃）和第Ⅲ脆性区（600～875℃）,无第Ⅱ脆性区出现;最高塑性出现在1050℃左右,断面收缩率（Z）达到85.8%;在第Ⅲ脆性区,沿奥氏体晶界析出膜状铁素体抗拉能力较低,晶界处存在夹杂物以及微合金元素的析出物,是钢的热塑性降低的主要原因。     

CSP板坯(Q235B)高温力学性能试验研究

采用Gleeble1500对CSP连铸坯(Q235B)进行了热模拟研究;分析了试验温度为800、900、1100℃的横、纵向试样的组织和断口形貌及晶界的元素偏析和夹杂物.结果表明:CSP生产的Q235B连铸坯在600～1 320℃间存在2个脆性温度区,即1 320～1 200℃的第Ⅰ脆性温度区域和600～1 000℃的第Ⅲ脆性温度区域;在1 000～1 200℃温度范围内,Q235B钢具有良好的塑性.而在800℃时试样的Z值为8.46%.Q235B钢的第Ⅲ类脆性区的脆化原因:一方面是形变诱导铁素体呈网状析出,产生应力集中;另一方面是奥氏体低温区域发生的氮化物(AlN)析出产生的晶界脆化.AlN在奥氏体晶界的析出,在拉伸力的作用下易形成应力集中源,使空洞形成、长大并聚集,是铸坯裂纹源.     

非调质易切削钢38MnVS连铸坯的高温延塑性

应用Gleeble 1500D热模拟试验机,研究了非调质易切削钢38MnVS(%:0.42C、1.29Mn、0.09V、0.067S)370 mm×490 mm连铸坯的高温延塑性及变形断裂机理。结果表明:38MnVS钢的零强度温度(ZST)为1 370℃和零塑性温度(ZDT)为1335℃;38MnVS钢在熔点(TS)到600℃的温度区间内存在2个脆性区,第Ⅰ脆性温度区为TS～1250℃,第Ⅲ脆性温度区为875～600℃,因此,该钢连铸坯的矫直温度应在875℃以上。     

Nb-Ti-V微合金化船板钢的高温力学性能研究

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机研究D36船板钢连铸板坯的高温力学性能,用扫描电镜观察断口形貌,并分析脆化机理。结果表明:不含钒的铸坯第Ⅰ脆性温度区大于1 350℃;其在1 350～950℃时断面收缩率大于80%,具有良好的高温塑性;第Ⅲ脆性温度区为950～600℃,此时试样断面收缩率处于41.7%～64%。含钒的铸坯第Ⅰ脆性温度区为熔点至1 250℃;在1 250～950℃范围内,塑性较好;其第Ⅲ脆性温度区为950～600℃,此时断面收缩率在34%～73%。为预防铸坯矫直过程裂纹产生,要控制矫直温度在950℃以上。     

Q460C连铸板坯的高温塑性

 在Gleeble 1500热模拟机上测定了Q460C连铸坯的热塑性,深入分析了钢Q460C的高温脆化机理,确定了连铸坯的最佳矫直温度。结果表明,钢Q460C高温脆化受变形速率的影响较大,在第Ⅲ脆性区变形速率越低脆化越严重,实验用钢Q460C的低塑性区确定在660~985 ℃,连铸坯顶弯、矫直温度应高于985 ℃,有利于提高塑性,避免连铸坯表面裂纹的产生。     

Q345系列低合金连铸坯高温性能研究及应用

采用Gleeble-1500模拟试验机,研究了Q345系列低合金连铸坯的高温力学性能。结果表明:第I脆性温度区大于1 250℃,其在900~1 250℃时断面收缩率为95%~83%,具有良好的高温塑性;第Ⅲ脆性温度区约为720~850℃,其断面收缩率最低为58%左右。为预防铸坯矫直过程裂纹产生,要控制矫直温度在900℃以上。     

低碳钢Q345B大方坯热塑性研究

采用Gleeble 1500热模拟机对Q345B钢在1×10-4s-1和1×10-3s-1应变速率下的热塑性进行了研究。研究表明:在1×10-4s-1的应变速率下,试样在600～TL℃的温度范围内存在两个脆性区,即高温脆性区,为1 217～TL℃,低温脆性区,为600～930℃;在1×10-3s-1的应变速率下,试样在600～TL℃的温度范围内不存在高温脆性区,仅存在低温脆性区,为600～915℃。影响Q345B钢热塑性的主要因素是S偏析、应变速率、铁素体的析出以及细小的AlN粒子的析出。     

GCr15轴承钢高温力学性能的研究

用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机测试了GCr15(0.98%C、1.51%Cr)轴承钢连铸坯的高温力学性能,得出GCr15钢的零塑性温度为1400℃,零强度温度为1450℃,良好塑性区为1250～950℃,第Ⅲ脆性区为950～600℃,并用扫描电镜分析了塑性区与脆性区的断口形貌。研究结果表明,GCr15钢连铸坯的矫直温度应控制≥950℃。     

SPHC钢薄板坯的高温力学性能

用Gleeble热模拟试验机对SPHC钢(%:0.02C、0.18Mn、0.03Si、0.04Als)70 mm×1250 mm板坯进行600～1 350℃的力学性能的研究,并借助扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪分析了拉力试样的断口。结果表明,SPHC薄板坯的第Ⅰ和第Ⅲ脆性区分别为1 200℃～固相线及600～850℃,850～1 200℃薄板坯的塑性最好;第Ⅲ脆性区试样为沿晶界断裂;晶界处夹杂物及γ→α相变中形成的片状铁素体造成了晶界脆性,降低了第Ⅲ脆性区材料塑性。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)