响应面优化超声波-微波协同提取葡萄籽原花青素工艺研究

以衡水当地产葡萄籽为原料,利用超声波-微波协同提取葡萄籽原花青素。研究了乙醇体积分数、超声功率、超声时间、微波功率、微波时间、液料比对葡萄籽原花青素得率的影响。以单因素实验为基础,采用响应面法优化了超声波-微波协同提取葡萄籽原花青素工艺。结果表明,超声波-微波协同提取葡萄籽原花青素的最佳工艺条件为:乙醇体积分数50%,液料比21∶1,超声功率400 W,超声时间32 min,微波功率353 W,微波时间3.2 min。在最佳工艺条件下,原花青素得率为6.18%。     

超声波辅助提取樱桃中原花青素

原花青素具有多种生物活性.本文利用超声波辅助,甲醇溶液提取樱桃中的原花青素,并通过紫外可见分光光度计对提取物中的原花青素进行定量测定.比较了樱桃叶、樱桃籽和果肉三种材料中原花青素的含量,确定樱桃叶为最佳提取原料.通过单因素试验分析了超声提取过程中甲醇浓度、料液比、提取温度、提取时间、提取频率等因素对樱桃叶中原花青素提取率的影响.在单因素试验的基础上,采用L16 (45)正交试验获得了从樱桃叶中提取原花青素的最佳条件,即提取温度50℃,料液比为1:30,甲醇浓度70%,提取时间20min,超声频率为低频.各因素中,提取温度对原花青素提取效果影响最大.在最佳提取条件下,樱桃叶中原花青素的提取率为5.17%.     

响应面法优化超声波辅助提取芒果核中原花青素的研究

以芒果核为原料,采用响应面法优化芒果核中原花青素超声波辅助提取条件。通过单因素实验和BoxBehnken Design实验研究乙醇体积分数、料液比、提取时间、超声波功率四个变量对芒果核中原花青素响应值的影响程度。用响应面法得出四个考察因素最优工艺参数,即:乙醇体积分数68.8877%、料液比1:18.179、提取时间21.75min、超声波功率329.007W。采用最佳工艺参数提取芒果核中原花青素,原花青素平均得率为6.42%,与响应面法优化原花青素得率预测值6.51512%接近。为芒果核中原花青素和食品色素有效开发利用提供一定的借鉴作用。     

响应面法优化超声波辅助提取芒果核中原花青素的研究

以芒果核为原料,采用响应面法优化芒果核中原花青素超声波辅助提取条件。通过单因素实验和BoxBehnken Design实验研究乙醇体积分数、料液比、提取时间、超声波功率四个变量对芒果核中原花青素响应值的影响程度。用响应面法得出四个考察因素最优工艺参数,即:乙醇体积分数68.8877%、料液比1:18.179、提取时间21.75min、超声波功率329.007W。采用最佳工艺参数提取芒果核中原花青素,原花青素平均得率为6.42%,与响应面法优化原花青素得率预测值6.51512%接近。为芒果核中原花青素和食品色素有效开发利用提供一定的借鉴作用。      

响应面优化撞击喷射流空化-超声波-机械研磨协同提取葡萄籽原花青素工艺研究

以衡水当地葡萄籽为研究对象,利用撞击喷射流空化-超声波-机械研磨协同提取葡萄籽中原花青素。对液料比、空化-超声-研磨时间、空化-超声-研磨温度、撞击喷射流空化压力、超声波功率、乙醇体积分数、研磨转速对原花青素得率影响进行了研究。以单因素实验为基础,采用响应面法优化了撞击喷射流空化-超声波-机械研磨协同提取葡萄籽中原花青素的工艺条件。结果表明:最佳工艺条件为液料比35∶1、超声波功率400 W、研磨转速3 500 r/min、空化-超声-研磨时间37 min、撞击喷射流空化压力0. 48 MPa、乙醇体积分数53%、空化-超声-研磨温度56℃,在此条件下原花青素得率为7. 11%。     

原花青素的超声提取工艺研究

首先优化出了超声波提取葡萄籽中原花青素的最佳工艺参数,然后将超声波提取和其它提取方法进行了对比。结果表明,超声波提取原花青素的最佳工艺参数为乙醇浓度为70%、液料比为18:1、超声波功率达到600W、提取时间为50min、占空比达到5/5、提取温度70℃,此时原花青素的最佳得率为3.424%;与其它提取方法相比,超声波辅助提取时间短,得率高。     

枇杷籽原花青素的超声波辅助提取

利用超声波辅助提取枇杷籽中的原花青素,并通过紫外可见分光光度计对提取物中的原花青素进行定量测定。通过单因素试验分析了超声提取过程中甲醇浓度、料液比、提取温度、提取时间、提取频率等因素对原花青素提取率的影响。在单因素试验的基础上,采用L16(45)正交试验获得了从枇杷籽中提取原花青素的最佳条件,即提取温度50℃,料液比为1∶30,甲醇浓度70%,提取时间20 min,超声频率为低频。各因素中,提取温度对原花青素提取效果影响最大。在最佳提取条件下,枇杷籽中原花青素的提取率为5.17%。     

响应面试验优化超声波辅助提取莲房原花青素工艺

在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面试验研究乙醇体积分数、液料比、超声波功率和超声时间对莲房原花青素得率的影响,通过建立超声波辅助提取莲房原花青素的多元回归模型,优化莲房原花青素的提取工艺参数。结果表明,乙醇体积分数对莲房原花青素得率的影响最大,其次是液料比和超声波功率,超声时间对得率的影响相对较小。在乙醇体积分数45%、液料比21∶1（mL/g）、超声波功率700 W、超声时间15 min时,莲房原花青素得率最大,为6.81%,与模型理论预测值相近,说明该模型回归性良好,试验的拟合程度高,可以用于莲房原花青素得率的预测,为莲房原花青素作为天然抗氧化剂的应用提供一定的科学数据。     

葡萄籽中原花青素提取工艺

以发酵后葡萄籽为原料,研究微波、纤维素酶和超声波辅助提取葡萄籽中原花青素的工艺条件,对影响原花青素提取率的因素进行考察,通过正交试验确定葡萄籽中原花青素的最佳提取工艺。结果表明最佳方法为微波辅助提取,其最佳工艺条件：料液比1:25(g/mL)、乙醇体积分数80%、微波时间40s、微波功率115W,原花青素的提取率为10.70%。     

超临界CO2辅助-超声波强化对落叶松树皮原花青素提取工艺的优化

将超临界流体萃取与超声波技术相结合,对落叶松树皮中原花青素的提取工艺进行了研究。首先,采用超临界CO2从落叶松树皮中提取脂溶性成分,然后将萃余物通过超声波辅助强化提取原花青素,并考察了超声浸提功率、原料粒度、料液比、超声时间、超声次数5个因素对原花青素的影响。在单因素实验和正交实验的基础上,优选出超声波辅助提取落叶松树皮原花青素的最佳工艺条件为:以60%的乙醇溶液为溶剂,在原料粒度为80~100目、料液比1∶12(g/mL)的条件下,用320W的超声功率作用辅助提取20min、提取2次,原花青素的提取率可以达到10.44%,固含物浸提率为22.85%,原花青素的含量为44.29%。通过扫描电子显微镜观察超声波法提取前后的树皮表面微观形貌分析,表明超声处理后树皮的纤维结构有不同程度的破坏,提高了提取率。本研究为落叶松树皮中原花青素的进一步研究打下了基础。      

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press