中大型直接纱池窑工艺控制

通过中大型直接纱池窑工艺的分析与控制，重点从窑炉玻璃液位、玻璃液熔制效率和能量分布、通路温度系统、纯氧燃烧系统、成型工艺线及漏板与通路温度匹配等方面进行分析和控制，实现了高的拉丝运行效率。     

Graded Casting of Materials with Continuous Gradients

A process is introduced for producing continuously graded materials by slip casting with a continuous flow of slip of changing composition. The approach has been tested using alumina and zirconia slips to produce alumina/zirconia composites with a graded composition. Observation of the microstructure has shown that the phases are relatively well dispersed. Compositional analysis revealed a relatively smooth transition in composition through the thickness of sintered bodies. Results have also indicated that for flow rates up to ∼ 60 cm/min, the highest linear flow rate tested, the casting rate of alumina slips containing 38.6 vol% solids was not affected.     

化妆品粉饼生产的新工艺

粉浆注射是一全新的粉饼生产工艺 ,它将粉相与溶剂相成泥浆状,再将其注射到塑料粉盒,后通过抽真空吸出其中的溶剂相,粉盒中只贸所需粉相,相对传统生产工艺,此法极大地改善了生产环境,提高了产品质量。     

低聚果糖生产的新工艺

对低聚果糖的应用及生产情况进行了综述.在大量实验的基础上对低聚果糖的生产工艺进行优化.研究了活性炭种类、上样速率、吸附剂种类及其浓度等条件对产品质量和收率的影响.得到低聚果糖生产的优化工艺条件.     

Pressure Slip Casting of Graded Coarse Grained Oxide Ceramics for Refractory Applications

In the present study the fabrication of graded coarse grained ceramic bodies for refractory applications was investigated using a pressure filtration cell,which uses pressurized air as the pressure medium. The pressure filtration cell was used to examine the influence of different ceramic raw materials,two dispersants,and of the particle size distribution on the filtration behavior and on the filter cake surface quality. Pressure slip casting of spinel based slips resulted in crack-free filter cakes,while alumina based slips resulted in filter cakes,which always stuck on the used PMMA filter medium. Furthermore,citric acid as an electrostatic dispersant resulted in a much lower filtration cake resistance and hence shorter filtration times than an electrosteric dispersant. A broader particle size distribution with a higher addition of the finest particle fraction caused an increase in the filter cake resistance but also yielded much better surface qualities. Finally,graded filter cakes with three layers of alumina rich magnesium aluminate spinel with a maximum grain size of 3 mm,1 mm,and 0. 5 mm,respectively,were fabricated. The computed X-ray analyzes indicated a perfect bonding between the three layers,which is a significant improvement to previous studies. However,the graded filter cakes exhibited frequently cracks at the bottom,which was probably caused by tensile stresses from the friction of the filter cakes with the pressure filtration cell. This will be further investigated in subsequent studies. The achieved results demonstrate thefeasibility to produce coarse grained oxide ceramics for refractory applications by pressure slip casting,which eventually allows the production of composites with tailored compositions,microstructure and functionality.     

铝型材喷涂粉末涂料前处理工艺控制

介绍了铝合金化学转化处理技术及我国当前工业铝型材的主要前处理方式——磷铬化的工艺原理、工艺过程和工艺控制参数。     

Fabrication of Functionally Graded SiAlON Ceramics by Tape Casting

Functionally graded SiAlON ceramics (FG-SiAlONs) were successfully prepared by the tape casting and lamination approach. Non-aqueous SiAlON slurries with five different α to β-SiAlON ratios (85α:15β, 70α:30β, 55α:45β, 40α:60β, and 25α:75β) were prepared by a 66 methyl ethyl ketone/34 ethanol (vol%) mixture. Phase and microstructure analyses incorporation with hardness measurements clearly show that the FG-SiAlONs, prepared by tape casting, exhibit a continuous and gradual change in composition and hardness. Thus, the tape casting approach is a viable method to produce FG-SiAlONs with a precisely controlled composition, and subsequently properties, as a function of position.     

氨氧化制邻甲苯腈新工艺

简要介绍了邻甲苯腈的用途及生产方法，探讨了氨氧化反应的工艺条件，重点考察了反应温度、空气比和氨比对反应结果的影响。试验结果表明：在最佳反应温度420℃，空气比20，氨比8的条件下，反应转化率为36．6％、收率为36．3％，选择性为99．2％；所得产品纯度高于99．O％，几乎无三废排放o，     

牛皮纸胶粘带生产方法

本文对牛皮纸胶粘带生产方法中的直接转移法和复合转移法作了介绍。     

4,4'-二羟基联苯的合成

本文研究了联苯磺化和碱熔反应的工艺条件。通过控制一定的反应条件可得到较高纯度和含量产品。碱熔反应具有原料来源容易,反应温度低,反应时间短,用碱量少等优点。     

尿素制备硫脲新工艺

利用尿素和硫化氢等原料制备硫脲,提出了尿素．氰氨化钙法新工艺。首先,用尿素和氧化钙、氢氧化钙和碳酸钙制备氰氨化钙,再用硫化氢和氢氧化钙制备硫氢化钙,最后用氰氨化钙与硫氢化钙反应,并采用冷冻结晶法精制硫脲,产品符合国家标准。且其产率比传统工艺高出5％～10％。     

微胶囊油溶性茶多酚生产技术

将水溶性的茶多酚通过冷喷雾法微胶囊技术变成油溶性的茶多酚。通过正交试验得到壁材的组成是乳化剂A∶B∶C为 8∶0 3∶1 7,其包埋程度达 6 7 5 %。微胶囊茶多酚在油中分散均匀 ,在油脂中的抗氧化效果明显优于BHA ,PG。     

氯乙酸间歇生产过程中结晶工序控制方案的改进

某厂 1999年底建成的年产万吨氯乙酸生产装置采用了自动控制系统 ,本文针对其结晶釜温度控制方案提出了具体的改进措施 ,即通过使用合理的预热水槽 ,并对其施加一定的控制方案 ,以降低结晶釜夹套的进水预热过程和釜内温度控制过程的耦合度 ,提高氯乙酸结晶工序的控制性能     

Fabrication and Structural Control of Fe/Ti Oxide Thin Films with Graded Compositional Profiles by Liquid Phase Deposition

Fe/Ti oxide films with graded composition profiles have been prepared from aqueous metal-fluoro complex solutions by the liquid phase deposition method. Films were deposited from a solution, in which the (NH₄)₂TiF₆ solution was added under a controlled flow rate into the FeOOH–NH₄F·HF solution. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis of the films revealed that the composition and graded profile of the deposited films in depth direction could be controlled by adjusting the mixing conditions of the reacting solution. Along with the change in composition, the microstructure of the films changes from microcrystalline β-FeOOH at the base to nanocrystalline anatase TiO₂ near the surface.     

Reactive-Electrode Submerged-Arc Process for Producing Fine Non-Oxide Powders

The reactive-electrode submerged-arc (RESA) method utilizes metal electrodes submerged in a dielectric fluid to produce fine ceramic powders. An arc is struck and causes localized vaporization of the electrode and reaction of the metal with the fluid vapor. This paper reports the extension of this process from oxide to non-oxide powders. Fine particles of TiC and SiC have been synthesized and characterized by SEM, TEM, and XRD.     

环戊醇催化脱氢制环戊酮

用Raney镍催化剂对环戊醇脱氢制环戊酮的工艺进行了研究。结果表明,在釜式反应器内,当反应温度在124℃以上、搅拌速度大于50r/min、催化剂量为反应物料质量的10%时,反应2h后,环戊醇的转化率在17%以上,环戊酮的选择性接近100%。反应精馏时,理想的液时空速小于0 49h-1,回流比为4∶1。催化剂经200h运行,活性和选择性基本保持不变。     

R—PVC低发泡板材的原料选择和工艺控制

采用引进锥形双螺杆挤出生产的硬质聚氮乙烯(R—PVC)低发泡板材,是一种具有发展前途的化学建材产品。本文着重介绍生产原料和工艺技术对制品性能的影响,同时相应的提出了可供参考的生产配方和工艺控制参数。     

2-氯苯磺胺新工艺研究

2 氯苯磺胺是除草剂氯磺隆的中间体 ,本文开发了合成 2 氯苯磺胺的新工艺 ,用邻二氯苯为起始原料 ,经硫化、氧化性氯化和氨化反应生成磺胺 ,产品纯度可达到 95 %～ 96 % ,收率为 4 6 %。探讨了各种反应条件对反应产率的影响 ,并利用GC/MS分析氧化性氯化反应中间产物的结构。     

Vacuum Centrifugal- Thermite Process for Producing Ceramic-Lined Pipes

A vacuum centrifugal-thermite process was used to prepare ceramic-lined pipes rapidly. The ceramic layer was dense, and the grain size was smaller than that produced under atmospheric pressure, resulting in improved mechanical properties.