液相法合成高容量LiFePO4/C复合正极材料

采用液相共沉淀法合成了纯相橄榄石型LiFePO4和LiFePO4/C复合正极材料。利用原子吸收(AAS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、振实密度测定等方法对其进行表征,并组装成电池研究其电化学性能。结果表明:LiFePO4和LiFePO4/C都具有单一的橄榄石型晶体结构,且前者的振实密度可达1.67 g/cm2,掺碳后制成的LiFePO4/C振实密度有所降低,但充放电平台非常平稳。与纯相LiFePO4相比,LiFePO4/C具有更高的放电比容量和循环性能,室温下以0.2 mA/cm2和0.4 mA/cm2电流密度充放电,首次放电比容量分别达到158.1 mA.h/g、150.0 mA.h/g。充放电循环20次后放电比容量仍分别保持在154.2 mA.h/g,137.2 mA.h/g。     

掺杂元素对锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO4的影响

为提高锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO4的充放电性能,用Mg,Al,V和Ti对LiFePO4进行掺杂。研究了掺杂元素的种类和用量对LiFePO4性能和结构的影响。可用高温固相反应制备单相LiMxFe1-xPO4 (M=Mg,Al,V和Ti)。在LiMxFe1-xPO4 材料中,LiV0. 05Fe0. 95PO4具有比LiFePO4更好的电化学性能,用80mA/g的电流进行充放电时,第二次放电比容量为130. 429mA·h/g,循环20次后为131. 196mA·h/g。     

LiFePO4/C正极材料的制备及性能表征

以LiH2PO4、Fe2O3及葡萄糖为原材料,采用高温高能球磨法(HTHEBM)制备了性能优良的碳包覆磷酸铁锂(LiFePO4/C)正极材料.在该法中,高能球磨将机械能转变为热能,有效降低了烧结温度且减少了烧结时间,在600℃下9 h烧结后获得纯相的LiFePO4/C正极材料.利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜、电化学...     

LiFePO4／C正极材料中试生产工艺及产品性能研究

采用模板-高温固相技术中试生产LiFePO4／C复合正极材料,并用该材料组装成品电池。通过XRD、SEM及粒度分析对材料进行物理性能分析,通过循环性能、倍率放电性能和过充性能对电池进行电化学及安全性能研究。结果表明,该材料组装的成品电池循环600次后放电容量仍保持在标准容量的90％以上,在大电流放电下,容量减小不大。     

LiFePO4/C复合材料的制备和性能

采用高温固相合成法二次灼烧工艺制备锂离子电池正极复合材料LiFePO4/C。经300℃和650℃二次灼烧,得到了从纳米到亚微米尺寸的LiFePO4和LiFePO4/C复合材料。X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明,所得到的LiFePO4和LiFePO4/C样品具有单一的橄榄石型晶体结构,且具高纯度。在多种碳源(如乙炔黑、Vulcan XC-72碳黑、鳞状石墨、各向异性石墨和葡萄糖)制备的LiFePO4/C复合材料中,以葡萄糖为碳源合成的样品具有最好的电化学性能。在电池工作温度由室温提高到40℃时,由于复合材料的电子电导率增大和锂离子在材料中的扩散速度加快,电池的充放电循环性能明显提高。     

提高锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO4电导率的方法

橄榄石型结构的LIFePO<,4>作为一种新型的锂离子电池正极材料,具有材料来源广泛、价格便宜、理论比容量高(约170 mAh/g)、热稳定性好、无吸湿性、对环境友好等优点,近年来引起人们的广泛关注,可望成为新一代首选替代LiCoO<,2>的锂离子二次电池正极材料.分析了锂离子电池正极材料橄榄石型LiFePO<,4>的...     

锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO4的研究进展

从LiFePO4的结构出发,分析了该材料所特有的优越性能以及存在的缺陷,阐述了物理掺杂和体相掺杂两类改性方法的特点和取得的成效。在此基础上,介绍了高温固相法、共沉淀法等方法合成LiFePO4的最新研究进展,探讨了各种制备方法的优缺点,并简要评述了LiFePO4未来发展的前景以及为使该材料走向实用化应注重的研究方向。     

焙烧条件对纳/微结构LiFePO4/C性能的影响

以FePO_4·2H_2O、LiOH·H_2O、淀粉为原料,采用湿法球磨-喷雾干燥-碳热还原法制备出纳/微结构LiFePO_4/C复合材料,通过XRD、SEM测定了LiFePO_4/C复合材料的形态结构,考察了焙烧温度、焙烧时间对纳/微结构LiFePO_4/C形态和电化学性能的影响。结果表明:最佳的焙烧温度为650℃、焙烧时间为8.5 h,该条件下所得的LiFePO_4/C复合材料10 C放电比容量为123.0 mA·h/g,100次循环后放电比容量的保持率接近100%。     

锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO4／C的研究进展

橄榄石型LiFePO4正极材料具有原料来源丰富、无毒、环境友好、理论容量较高、热稳定性和循环性能好等特点.是近年来迅速发展起来的一种锂离子电池的正极材料.但是由于纯LiFePO4的电子导电率低及锂离子扩散速度慢等缺点,限制了其工业化.针对这种情况,近些年来研究人员从合成方法,表面改性,金属掺杂等方面时磷酸铁锂做了许多的研究工作,其中一种有效的方法就是在LiFePO4的表面包覆碳,增加导电率,减小材料颗粒尺寸,提高电化学性能.时近年来的LiFePO4的合成方法及碳包覆原理进行了综述.     

锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO4的电化学性能改进

引言 随着社会的进步,人们对化学电源提出了高能量、长寿命、低成本、低环境污染的要求.虽然锂离子蓄电池目前已经实现了商品化,但正极嵌锂材料结构与性能的研究,以及如何提高容量和降低成本是锂离子蓄电池进一步被开发和应用的关键.     

Effect of Carbon Content on Electrochemical Properties of LiFePO_4/C Composite Cathode

Olivine-type LiFePO_4/C composite cathode materials were synthesized by a solid-state reaction method in an inert atmosphere.The glucose was added as conductive precursors before the formation of the crystalline phase.The effects of glucose content on the properties of as-synthesized cathode materials were investigated.The crystal structure and the electrochemical performance were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),laser particle-size distribution measurement and electrochemical performance testing. The material has a single crystal olivine structure with grain-sizes ca.100-200 nm.SEM micrographs and the corresponding energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)data confirm that the carbon particulates produced by glucose pyrogenation are uniformly dispersed among the LiFePO_4 grains,ensuring a good electronic contact.Impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the ohmic and kinetic contributions to the cell performance.It is found that increasing the carbon content leads to a reduction of the cell impedance due to the reduction of the charge transfer resistance.The galvanostatically charge and discharge tests show that the material obtained by adding 10% C(by mass)gives a maximum discharge capacity of 140. 8mA.h.g~(-1) at the same rate(C/10) .The material also displays a more stable cycle-life than the others.     

Electrochemical Behavior of La-doped LiFePO4/C Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries

Alien atom was used to obtain a series of LiFe1-xLaxPO4/C (x=0, 0.002, 0.005, 0.01, 0.015) cathode materials with the aim of investigating the influence of participation of La on the electrochemical behavior of LiFePO4/C. Combination of X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive spectrometer and high resolution transmission electron microscope was applied. The results show that all the La-doped LiFePO4/C samples are olivine type crystals, La ion is sufficiently introduced into the network, and every element is well homogeneously distributed. There are many pore spaces on the surface of particles. The content of carbon in the prepared cathode materials remains 13.6% calculated by TGA/DTA curves, and the particles are wrapped by a uniformly and continuous carbon layer with the thickness of about 2 nm. Similarly, the content of Fe2P also keeps the same basically in all the cathode materials as a result of the similar ratio (2.35) of peak intensity at 36.5o and 37.1o from XRD. The increasing trend is most pronounced at doped 0.005 which presents the highest initial discharge capacity of 163 mA×h/g, lowest charge transfer resistance of 5.52 W, superior diffuse ability of lithium ion (10-11 cm2/s) and the best capacity retention current rate of about 93% after 50 cycles at 0.1 C.     

锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO_4的研究进展

介绍了锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO4的结构特征和电化学过程。评述了近年来制备LiFePO4的各种方法,包括固相法,液相法(水热法、液相共沉淀法等),微波法等。橄榄石型磷酸铁锂(LiFePO4)理论比容量为170 mA.h/g,电压为3.5V(vs.Li/Li+),环境友好,成本低廉,热稳定性较好,可望成为锂离子蓄电池的新型正极材料。     

固相法制备锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO4的研究进展

介绍了目前国内外利用固相法制备锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO4的研究现状.反映了LiFePO4粉体在碳包覆及掺杂离子改性方面的最新研究成果,指出了该材料领域目前存在的问题并展望了其发展趋势.     

喷雾干燥制备球状LiFePO_4/C正极材料

以抗坏血酸为催化剂,通过水热法制备出梭形颗粒的LiFePO4/C正极材料,并采用喷雾干燥工艺使得单个的梭状颗粒堆积成球状的LiFePO4/C正极材料。研究了不同喷雾浓度对样品球形化后的形貌和电学性能的影响。结果表明:合成的LiFePO4/C正极材料的单个颗粒呈规整的梭形结构,并且梭形结构是由细小的板状结构组合而成,在梭形结构的表面包覆有一层均匀的碳膜。采用喷雾工艺后可有效的进行颗粒的球形化处理,当喷雾浓度为0.296mol/L时,材料团聚的球状形貌较为均匀一致,并具有较大的扩散系数(9.38×10-13cm2/s)。在0.1C倍率放电下的首次充电比容量为133.6mA·h/g,放电比容量为122.6mA·h/g,Coulomb效率为91.8%,说明具有良好的可逆性能;经过50周循环后容量保持率仍为98.2%,具有优异的循环性能和容量保持率。     

载体二氧化钛的晶型对对硝基苯酚加氢催化剂Ni/TiO2的影响

The catalytic hydrogenation ofp-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol was investigated over Ni/TiO2 catalysts prepared by a liquid-phase chemical reduction method. The catalysts were characterized by inductively coupled plasma （ICP）, X-ray powder diffraction （XRD）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, X-ray photoelectron spectra （XPS） and temperature-programmed reduction （TPR）. Results show that the titania structure has favorable influence on physio-chemical and catalytic properties of Ni/TiO2 catalysts. Compared to commercial Raney nickel, the catalytic activity of Ni/TiO2 catalyst is much superior, irrespective of the titania structure. The catalytic activity of anatase titania supported nickel catalyst Ni/TiO2（A） is higher than that of rutile titania supported nickel catalyst Ni/TiO2（R）, possibly because the reduction of nickel oxide to metallic nickel for Ni/TiO2（A） is easier than that for Ni/TiO2（R） at similar reaction conditions.     

壁面粗糙度对气粒两相流动中颗粒行为影响的实验研究

The effect of wall roughness on particle behavior in two-phase flows in a horizontal backward-facing step is studied using a phase-Doppler particle anemometer. The results show that the wall roughness widens the particle velocity probability density distribution, enhances the redistribution of particle velocity into different directions,reduces the particle longitudinal mean velocity and increases the longitudinal and transverse fluctuation velocities and Reynolds shear stress. The effect of roughness on particle motion in the recirculation zone is weaker than that in the fully developed flow region. The effect of roughness for small particles is restricted only in the near-wall region, while that for large particle diffuses to the whole flow field.     

正极材料LiFePO4/C掺杂改性的研究进展

LiFePO₄/C具有高温稳定性好、价格低廉、循环性能良好、环保等性能,是一种具有发展潜力的锂离子动力电池正极材料之一,因此在锂离子电池行业备受关注。但由于其电子电导率低以及锂离子扩散速率慢等缺点制约其发展。介绍了磷酸铁锂的结构、性能、充放电原理和掺杂机理,尤其对近年来LiFePO₄/C材料的掺杂改性研究进行了综述。     

燃烧法制备二氧化钛催化剂的条件对其可见光催化性能的影响

Titania catalysts were synthesized by a solution combustion method （SCM）. Photodegradation of 4-chlorophenol （4-CP） using the synthesized catalysts was studied under both visible light （λ≥420nm） and sunlight irradiation. The effect of preparation conditions on photocatalytic activities of the synthesized catalysts was investigated. The optimal photocatalytic activity of the catalyst （denoted as A1 ） was obtained under the following synthesis conditions： ignition temperature of 350~C, fuel ratio （ φ） of 1 and calcination time of lh. The degradation and mineralization ratio of 4-CP were 78.2% and 53.7% respectively under visible light irradiation for 3h using catalyst A1. And the catalyst A1 also showed high photocatalytic activity under sunlight irradiation.     

磷酸铁锂正极材料的合成与表征技术

橄榄石型磷酸铁锂正极材料具有原料来源丰富、价廉、无毒、环境友好、理论容量高、热稳定性和循环性能好等特点,有望成为新一代锂离子电池正极材料.综述了高温固相反应法、溶胶-凝胶法、微波合成法、水热合成法和共沉淀法制备磷酸铁锂的方法.并详细说明了磷酸铁锂的红外光谱、扫描电镜、X射线衍射和电化学性能研究等表征技术.