介电润湿液体透镜仿生复眼的设计与仿真

为解决仿生复眼系统不能自适应变焦的问题,提出了一种基于介电润湿液体透镜曲面阵列的可变焦仿生复眼系统。分析系统结构对成像性能的影响,计算系统的自适应变焦能力及相应像平面可移动范围。结果表明:系统成像的视场角随着基底曲率的增大而增大。相比于非均匀透镜阵列,均匀透镜阵列可明显降低系统的离焦像差。适当减小子透镜单元尺寸,也可以达到降低边缘透镜离焦像差的目的。当物距或者接收器位置发生改变时,通过调整子透镜单元焦距降低系统的离焦像差。系统接收器可移动范围为1.9 mm~15 mm。     

微透镜列阵与红外探测器列阵集成芯片的研究

在分析微透镜列阵光聚能原理的基础上,针对背照式256290铂硅红外焦平面探测器列阵 的结构参数,设计了衍射微透镜列阵,使入射光通过硅基底聚焦至探测器的各个光敏面上, 提高光能利用率从而增强探测能力。实验获得了微透镜列阵与红外焦平面集成芯片,并在热成像中取得了良好的结果。     

大视场自由曲面复眼设计研究

在大视场小体积的人造复眼结构中,倾斜的边缘子眼成像时存在较大的轴外像差。提出一种复眼结构,利用光线在子眼中的折转与自由曲面矫正像差,提高了边缘子眼的成像质量,进而增大了复眼结构的视场角。设计出5组子眼对180°视场成像,每组对应特定的视场范围。利用光学仿真软件CodeV对5组子眼分别做了光学仿真,得到了各组子眼的像差曲线,光学传递函数MTF曲线。结果表明,在整个180°视场范围内,频率为100 lp/mm时,MTF值均大于0.2,畸变在30%以内,复眼具有良好的成像质量。     

像方远心航拍数码相机镜头设计

为了提高CCD的灵敏度,制造商在CCD上增加微透镜阵列以提高其量子效率.由于微透镜对光线有汇聚作用,要求像方光线入射角不能太大.普通镜头需增加后截距来减小光线像方入射角度,使总长度增长,且效果并不理想.本文提出采用像方远心光路设计航拍数码相机镜头,使镜头边缘视场的像方光线都几乎以0°出射,解决了带微透镜阵列的数码相机对...     

无缝微透镜阵列LED匀光膜研究

本文研究不同孔径无缝微透镜阵列膜LED光线扩散的影响,分析了不同厚度和直径的三角形、四边形和六边形微透镜阵列膜的扩散效果。设计了一种复合曲面微透镜阵列,利用光线追迹方法对其进行模拟,分析微透镜阵列对LED光源发出光线扩散性能的影响。     

微透镜填充因子快速检测方法

本文提出了一种有效的微透镜阵列填充因子快速检测方法.文章从光的标量衍射理论出发,分析了连续浮雕微透镜阵列的衍射光斑分布与透镜子口径、透镜矢高之间的关系,推导出了微透镜阵列远场衍射光斑的理论模型,用该模型对不同填充因子的微透镜阵列为例进行计算机模拟分析,并且搭建了实验装置来获得实际的衍射光斑.结果表明,模拟光强分布与实际衍射光斑相当接近,在此基础上给出了微透镜衍射光斑分布与填充因子之间的半定量关系,为微透镜阵列的快速检测提供了一种有效手段.这种方法可以实现微透镜阵列的准确、简单、低成本的填充因子检测,极大地提高了生产效率,满足了实际测试的要求.     

微透镜阵列超精密切削正弦过渡路径优化设计

微透镜阵列由于具有质量轻、结构小、视场大、分辨率高等优点,被广泛应用于光学领域.微注塑成型是实现其低成本批量生产的主要方法.如何高效、高精度、低成本加工模芯一直是研究的重点与难点.本文在传统微透镜阵列加工路径基础上,提出了一种正弦过渡加工路径,并对其过渡正弦的振幅和波长进行了分析,该方法有效避免了传统加工路径的不连续与突变问题.进行了正弦过渡路径优化设计和实际对比加工实验,实验结果表明该路径优化方法能有效地消除加工表面纹理,提高表面质量和加工效率.     

全景环形成像的转像系统设计

在全景环形透镜成像系统的设计中，为保证增大角视场情形下的成像性能，通过对全景环形透镜的第二反射面与第二折射面的几何参数间的有效平衡，以及对转像系统的优化设计，增大了成像视场，实现了全景环形透镜成像系统前后组之间的像差补偿；设计了一套具有良好成像性能的全景环形成像的光学系统。     

热红外偏振成像的目标探测技术研究

当目标与背景辐射强度接近时,传统的热红外成像系统无法有效区分背景与目标.基于光的偏振信息的目标探测技术国外已进行大量研究,在国内也越来越受重视,但尚处于初步研究阶段.采用非制冷热红外焦平面阵列,搭建热红外偏振成像系统,对特定场景中的典型目标开展了偏振成像实验,对图像进行了配准并对偏振度图像和强度图进行了融合.结果表明:热红外偏振成像较传统热红外成像对目标的探测有明显优势;采用基于HSI的偏振信息融合算法能综合反应目标特征,有利于提高图像质量,有利于远距离目标的探测与识别.     

球面投影光刻物镜的设计

针对人工晶体或隐形眼镜的面形上连续浮雕结构加工的特点,本文介绍了基于空间光调制器(DMD)曲面投影光刻物镜系统的设计方法.根据其成像面为曲面的特点,根据光学设计理论多次利用弯向物方的弯月形负透镜结构进行场曲校正,同时运用光的衍射原理优化设计物镜系统的数值孔径以消除DMD投影过程中的栅格效应. 运用ZEMAX工程光学设计软件对系统进行了模拟、优化,并对优化后的结果进行了分析.对于设计实例利用上述设计原则给出了设计结果,工作波长为g线(峰值波长λ=436nm),像面曲率r=22.5mm,视场φ6mm,数值孔径NA=0.1,分辨力为7.8 μm(64Ip/mm)时的光学调制传函值>0.8,畸变<±0.05%.     

Artificial apposition compound eye fabricated by micro-optics technology

By exploring micro-optical design principles and technology, we have developed an artificial apposition compound eye. The overall thickness of the imaging system is only 320 microm, the diagonal field of view is 21 degrees, and the f-number is 2.6. The monolithic device consists of an UV-replicated microlens array upon a thin silica substrate with a pinhole array in a metal layer on the back side. The pitch of the pinholes differs from that of the lens array to provide individual viewing angle for each channel. Theoretical limitations of resolution and sensitivity are discussed as well as fabrication issues and compared with experimental results. A method to generate nontransparent walls between optical channels to prevent cross talk is proposed.     

Design and fabrication of a freeform microlens array for a compact large-field-of-view compound-eye camera

In this research, a unique freeform microlens array was designed and fabricated for a compact compound-eye camera to achieve a large field of view. This microlens array has a field of view of 48°×48°, with a thickness of only 1.6 mm. The freeform microlens array resides on a flat substrate, and thus can be directly mounted to a commercial 2D image sensor. Freeform surfaces were used to design the microlens profiles, thus allowing the microlenses to steer and focus incident rays simultaneously. The profiles of the freeform microlenses were represented using extended polynomials, the coefficients of which were optimized using ZEMAX. To reduce crosstalk among neighboring channels, a micro aperture array was machined using high-speed micromilling. The molded microlens array was assembled with the micro aperture array, an adjustable fixture, and a board-level image sensor to form a compact compound-eye camera system. The imaging tests using the compound-eye camera showed that the unique freeform microlens array was capable of forming proper images, as suggested by design. The measured field of view of ±23.5° also matches the initial design and is considerably larger compared with most similar camera designs using conventional microlens arrays. To achieve low manufacturing cost without sacrificing image quality, the freeform microlens array was fabricated using a combination of ultraprecision diamond broaching and a microinjection molding process.     

Effective formation method for an aspherical microlens array based on an aperiodic moving mask during exposure

An aperiodic mask design method for fabricating a microlens array with an aspherical profile is proposed. The nonlinear relationship between exposure doses and lens profile is considered, and the select criteria of quantization interval and fabrication range of the method are given. The mask function of a quadrangle microlens array with a hyperboloid profile used in the infrared was constructed by using this method. The microlens array can be effectively fabricated during a one time exposure process using the mask. Reactive ion etching was carried out to transfer the structure into the substrate of germanium. The measurement results indicate that the roughness is less than 10 nm (pv), and the profile error is less than 40 nm (rms).     

微透镜列阵成像光刻调焦方法

本文分析了离焦量对微透镜列阵成像光刻图形质量的影响,给出了系统离焦量的容差.同时提出了一种结构简单、可应用于微透镜列阵成像光刻系统调焦的新方法.并将基于该调焦方法的实验装置应用于微透镜列阵成像光刻系统,进行了光刻实验.实验表明,利用该方法时微透镜列阵成像光刻系统调焦,可得到接近微透镜列阵极限像质的光刻图形.     

Applications of a microlens array and a photomask to the laser microfabrication of a periodic photopolymer rod array

We report the simultaneous multipoint fabrication of polymer rods by the femtosecond laser processing of a negative photoresist using a microlens array (MLA). The rods were periodically arranged in the form of an array corresponding to the MLA and free-standing on a glass substrate. The use of a photomask enabled us to define the contour of the rod array. Furthermore, sample translation techniques were demonstrated for the effective fabrication of large-area structures.     

Transparent liquid-crystal-based microlens array using vertically aligned carbon nanofiber electrodes on quartz substrates

A novel transparent liquid-crystal-based microlens array has been fabricated using an array of vertically aligned multi-wall carbon nanofibers (MWCNFs) on a quartz substrate and its optical characteristics investigated. Electron beam lithography was used for the catalyst patterning on a quartz substrate to grow the MWCNF array of electrodes. The structure of the electrode array was determined through simulation to achieve the best optical performance. Both the patterned catalyst and growth parameters were optimized for optimal MWCNF properties. We report an in-depth optical characterization of these reconfigurable hybrid liquid crystal and nanofiber microlens arrays.     

Tunable electro-optic Microlens array. II. Cylindrical geometry

Although the concept of an artificial compound eye has been discussed in the literature, its optical arrangement has never been widely adopted for optical design. A design is presented for a tunable gradient-index microlens array, believed to be new, induced electro-optically inside a cylindrical shell. The transparent electrodes on the both sides of the shell are positioned such that the electrodes on the opposite side compensate the phase delay from the electrodes on the front side for a normally incident plane wave, thus suppressing the intrinsic electrode diffraction for the device without applied voltage. The original technique of the electric field calculation was developed to analyze the induced refractive index inside the shell for two types of electro-optic (EO) ceramics: with linear and with quadratic EO effects. For the linear effect it was shown that for given EO coefficients, electric field strength and intrinsic refractive index, the electrode number should exceed a certain amount to make the focal distance less than the cylinder radius. The quadratic effect provides higher sensitivity to the type of the diffracted wave polarization. It was shown how the quadratic coefficient ratio R(12)/R(11) affects the focal-length difference between TE and TM light polarization.     

Improved distributed-index planar microlens and its application to 2-D lightwave components

A recent improvement of a 2-D array of distributed-index (DI) planar microlenses is presented to demonstrate a 2-D integrated optical component using a planar microlens array. These components are made by stacking planar microlens arrays and other planar optical devices. The improved planar microlens has f = 2.0 mm, a N.A. = 0.23, and its spherical aberration is very small. A fiber coupler is demonstrated. From a preliminary experiment, it is shown that the coupling loss of each channel is <0.5 dB for coupling 50-micron core DI fibers.