基于改进模糊聚类迭代的边坡稳定性评价方法

针对影响土质边坡稳定性因素的模糊性、复杂性、和随机性问题.通过将灰色关联分析理论与模糊聚类迭代模型相结合,得到改进的模糊聚类迭代模型,提出了一种新的边坡稳定性评价方法,并结合工程实例实现了稳定性的评价.相比于以往的研究,该模型将影响边坡稳定性的内外因素确定为六个主要因素,并用灰色关联理论得到各影响因素的权重,这样避免了传统模糊聚类模型人为的主观性带来的误差,提高了模型评价精度.为验证该方法的合理性,运用该方法计算的结果与BP神经网络预测的结果以及边坡实际情况进行对比验证,得到了较为一致的结果,表明该方法可以用于边坡的稳定性评价.     

马河崩塌体边坡稳定程度敏感性分析

针对雅砻江楞古水电站边坡稳定性问题,以马河崩塌体边坡为例,选取岩体重度、粘聚力、内摩擦角、水位、地震系数为影响因子,以边坡的安全系数为指标,基于均匀设计开展数值试验,对试验结果进行灰关联分析,得出各因素与边坡安全系数之间的关联系数和关联度。研究结果表明,各因素对边坡稳定性的影响大小依次为内摩擦角水位地震系数粘聚力重度。     

基于可拓理论的边坡稳定性评价研究

岩体边坡的稳定性是受多种因素共同影响的复杂巨系统,通过某种方法对边坡稳定性进行合理、准确的评价一直是岩土工程研究的重要内容。基于物元理论和关联函数,将可拓理论引入到边坡稳定性评价当中,提出了边坡稳定性评价的可拓方法。以某实际边坡工程为例,在合理选取能够反映边坡岩体综合特性指标的基础上,建立了边坡稳定性评价的可拓模型,并且将预测结果与传统的模糊评判结果进行了对比。对比结果表明该评价方法能够较准确地反映边坡的稳定性状况,证明了该方法可行性。     

新疆康普水利枢纽坝址左岸趾板边坡岩体稳定性分析

根据影响边坡岩体的稳定因素,采用岩质边坡极限平衡理论计算各不稳定岩体的安全系数,为边坡处理提供科学依据.     

岩石边坡块状结构岩体稳定分析和可靠性评价

对边坡稳定性进行评价和预测是整个边坡工程的关键.以矢量和可靠性计算为手段建立了块状结构岩体数学模型,分别运用确定性和不确定方法对块状结构岩体进行稳定性分析,为岩质边坡稳定性评价提供了新的途径.利用所建模型分析了三峡工程永久船闸边坡关键块体的稳定概率.结果表明,边坡中可动快体失稳概率较大,需采取相应的加固措施.工程实践证明,所建模型的实用性较强、应用前景广阔.     

基于灰色关联分析法的边坡稳定性分析

基于灰色系统的灰色关联分析方法,选取影响边坡稳定性的主要因素,并通过层次分析法计算出这些因素的权重,从而对边坡是否失稳进行了预测.预测结果与实际情况相符,从而验证了将灰色关联分析法应用于边坡稳定性预测的可行性.     

基于正交试验设计的岩坡力学参数反演

对某岩坡Ⅲ区现场勘察后认为,该区为断层破碎带,属碎裂结构,岩体分级为Ⅳ级.由于地质情况复杂、岩体破碎以及边坡开挖引起的应力释放等原因,致使边坡岩体加固的力学参数用常规方法较难确定.运用正交试验设计的方法借助有限差分程序FLAC进行分析,以安全系数作为评价指标,模拟各参数不同水平的各种组合,对影响边坡稳定性的各因素进行了敏感性分析,并对边坡力学参数进行了反演,得出较为合理的力学参数,为边坡治理提供依据.     

曼空200万t/a大型石灰岩露天矿边坡稳定性分析

曼空石灰岩露天矿开采深度很大,岩性较差,采场边坡的稳定性直接关系到矿山的正常运营,也影响到其深部延伸开采设计的合理性,因此其边坡稳定性分析评价至关重要.根据工程地质条件和岩体质量评价,采用FLAC2D和Slide 6.0两种岩土边坡分析软件建立边坡模型,对其各个分区的边坡进行稳定性计算分析.分别计算了在自重、自重+爆破...     

边坡工程中卸荷岩体的探讨

岩体卸荷是水利水电工程建设中常见的工程地质问题,岩体卸荷裂隙是影响边坡岩体稳定性的重要因素.文章介绍了边坡工程中卸荷岩体的形成机理、裂隙类型、分带依据及卸荷岩体加固时应注意的问题.     

模糊综合评价方法在边坡岩体卸荷程度分级中的应用

岩体卸荷特征是岩质边坡质量分级的重要影响因素,也是进行边坡稳定性分析评价的主要内容之一。为研究岩质边坡岩体的卸荷特征,基于模糊数学理论,选取卸荷裂隙总条数、卸荷裂隙累计宽度、岩石质量指标RQD、岩体透水率、岩体波速比等要素作为评判指标,采用数值特征分析和模糊统计方法确定岩体的隶属度函数,同时采用要素比较矩阵法确定各要素的权重,建立岩体卸荷等级的模糊综合评判模型来对岩体卸荷情况进行评价。运用该法对某水电站坝肩边坡岩体卸荷程度分级情况进行了研究。结果表明,该模糊综合评判研究结果与边坡卸荷特征实际情况基本一致,说明该评价方法用在边坡岩体卸荷程度分级评判方面是可行的。     

Stability assessment and feature analysis of slope in Nanfen Open Pit Iron Mine

Under the combined influences of special topography and the long term mining in Nanfen Open Pit Iron Mine, many large scale landslide masses appeared in heading side of stope, and tens of millions of iron mine is buried underside, making great economic losses. In order to guide the safety mining and increase the supply quantity, this paper through the use of MSARMA-method and the “MSARMA evaluation and analytical system for slope stability analysis” based on this method, which aimed at the quantitative evaluating of the slope stability before and after the actual mining below the slip mass, and the sensitivity analysis for the main influencing factor, providing scientific proof for the parameter optimization of open mine surface slope, the security and sustainable exploitation.     

Optimization of the catch bench design using a genetic algorithm

Rockfalls are one of the hazards that may be associated with open pit mining. The majority of rockfalls occur due to the existing conditions of slopes, such as back break, fractures and joints. Constructing a berm on the catch bench is a popular method for the mitigation of rockfall hazards in open pit mining.The width of the catch bench and the height of the berm play a major role in the open pit bench design.However, there is no systematic method currently available to optimize the size of these parameters. This study proposes a novel methodology which calculates the optimum catch bench width by integrating the rockfall simulation model and genetic algorithm into a Simulation-Optimization Model. The proposed methodology is useful when used to determine the minimum catch bench width, or the maximum overall slope angle, insuring that a sufficient factor of safety of the slope is included while maximizing the overall profitability of the open pit mine.     

Limit analysis for the seismic stability of three-dimensional rock slopes using the generalized Hoek-Brown criterion

The parameters that influence slope stability and their criteria of failure are fairly understood but over-conservative design approaches are often preferred, which can result in excessive overburden removal that may jeopardize profitability in the context of open pit mining. Numerical methods such as finite element and discrete element modelling are instrumental to identify specific zones of stability, but they remain approximate and do not pinpoint the critical factors that influence stability without extensive parametric studies. A large number of degrees of freedom and input parameters may make the outcome of numerical modelling insufficient compared to analytical solutions. Existing analytical approaches have not tackled the stability of slopes using non-linear plasticity criteria and three-dimensional failure mechanisms. This paper bridges this gap by using the yield design theory and the Hoek-Brown criterion. Moreover, the proposed model includes the effect of seismic forces, which are not always taken into account in slope stability analyses. The results are presented in the form of rigorous mathematical expressions and stability charts involving the loading conditions and the rock mass properties emanating from the plasticity criterion.     

Evaluation of the use of sublevel open stoping in the mining of moderately dipping medium-thick orebodies

The flow of blasted ore during mining of moderately dipping medium-thick orebodies is a challenge. Selecting a suitable mining system for such ore bodies is difficult. This paper proposes a diamond layout sublevel open stoping system using fan blastholes with backfilling to mine such orebodies. To evaluate the performance of system the relationships between ore recovery and stope footwall dip angle, footwall surface roughness, drawpoint spacing and production blast ring burden were investigated. An ore recovery data set from 81 laboratory physical model experiments was established from combinations of the listed factors. Various modules in a back propagation neural network structure were compared, and an optimal network structure identified. An ore recovery backpropagation neural network (BPNN) forecast model was developed. Using the model and sensitivity analysis of the factors affecting the proposed open stope mining system, the significance of each factor on ore recovery was studied. The study results were applied to a case study at the Shandong Gold Group Jiaojia Gold Mine. The results showed that the application of a BPNN and sensitivity analysis models for ore recovery prediction in the proposed mining system and field experimental results confirm that the suggested mining method is feasible.     

鲸鱼沟水库蓄水对泥岩-黄土岸坡稳定性的影响评价

库水位上升对库岸边坡的影响程度与水敏性地层位置、水位、滑面倾角等多个因素有关。为了研究白鹿塬鲸鱼沟水库蓄水过程中库水位升高对边坡稳定性的影响,依据水库区的边坡演化、地层结构、库水位与地层的关系等因素,对库区内的51个边坡剖面进行统计和分类,可将鲸鱼沟内的边坡分为第三系砂泥岩边坡、黄土-砂泥岩陡坡、黄土-砂泥岩陡坡和残坡积土-砂泥岩缓坡等四种类型,并选取4个典型的边坡类型建立起地质模型,采用Morgenstern-Price法计算了库水位升高过程中不同边坡类型的稳定系数。结果表明,任何库水位条件下,鲸鱼沟内的第三系砂泥岩陡坡、黄土-砂泥岩陡坡和残坡积土-砂泥岩缓坡的稳定系数均高于水利水电工程边坡的设计安全系数。黄土-砂泥岩缓坡由于Q_2-3黄土披覆于整个坡面,导致其稳定性差,在库水位上升过程中,稳定系数下降率大,易形成滑坡和库区塌方,经计算可知危险水位下黄土-砂泥岩缓坡滑移方量约占库区总滑移方量的13%。     

Calculation of slope-cover height under price fluctuation in open-pit mines

Leaving ditches between adjacent mining areas can effectively reduce re-stripping in the latter mining area and simultaneously lead to an increment in internal dumping costs in the former mining area. This paper establishes calculation models for these two marginal costs. The optimizing model for slope cover height can be determined by including marginal cost models in the objective function. The paper has two main contributions: (a) it fully considers redistribution of dumping space in the model; (b) it introduces price fluctuations and cash discounts in the model. We use the typical open-pit mine as an example to test and prove the model. We conclude that a completely covered slope is reasonable in Haerwusu open pit mine; in addition to an increasing price index, the slope cover height can be reduced; and that price changes are one of the most important influencing factors of slope cover height optimization in an open-pit mine.     

铅厂沟滑坡稳定多因素敏感性分析

研究边坡安全系数与各影响因素之间的变化关系,找出主要因素,对于边坡治理的设计和施工具有一定的参考价值.根据铅厂沟滑坡的地质条件,分析了C,φ值,库区水位Zw,地震加速度a,地下水位Gw等5个因子对边坡稳定的影响程度.结果显示:其程度由大到小为a>Gw>φ>Zw>C.因此,在滑坡治理和维护过程中,应该优先考虑a和Gw的影响.     

Influence of depth-thickness ratio of mining on the stability of a bedding slope with its sliding surface in concave deformation

In order to study the influence of depth-thickness ratio on bedding slope stability, whose sliding surface is flexural concave in shape under mining conditions, this paper aims to study the characteristics of deformation and damage of bedding sliding with depth-thickness ratios of 200:1, 150:1, 120:1, 100:1 and 50:1by adopting numerical simulation analysis software combined with laboratory-made ‘‘under the influence of mining variable sliding surface slope similar simulation test bed", and to propose identification methods for slope stability under the influence of mining. The results show that mining activities under the slope reduce slope stability. With a decrease in the mining depth ratio, the influence of mining on the slope increases gradually, and the damage to the slope gradually expands, the stability of the slope gradually reduces, fracture occurs on the slope toe and the central fissure gradually develops to the surface,and reaches slide threshold when the depth-thickness ratio is 50:1.     

Stability and reliability of pit slopes in surface mining combined with underground mining in Tonglushan mine

Slope stability is of critical importance in the process of surface-underground mining combination. The influence of underground mining on pit slope stability was mainly discussed, and the self-stabilization of underground stopes was also studied. The random finite element method was used to analyze the probability of the rock mass stability degree of both pit slopes and underground stopes. Meanwhile, 3D elasto-plastic finite element method was used to research into the stress, strain and rock mass failure resulting from mining. The results of numerical simulation indicate that the mining of the underground test stope has certain influence on the stability of the pit slope, but the influence is not great. The safety factor of pit slope is decreased by 0.06, and the failure probability of the pit slope is increased by 1.84%. In addition, the strata yielding zone exists around the underground test stope. The results basically conform to the information coming from the field monitoring.     

Influence law of multipoint vibration load on slope stability in Xiaolongtan open pit mine in Yunnan,China

The purpose of this work was to explore the influence law of vibration load on rock mass structure and slope stability.Based on the type and transmission way of vibration stress wave,the main stress in the horizontal and vertical directions was analyzed and the superposition effect of the stress wave was revealed.After the mechanical analysis of the sliding mass,the calculation formulas of the anti-sliding force and the sliding force were derived and the damage mechanism of blasting vibration to the structural plane was defined.In addition,according to the structure and lithologic parameter of the slope as well as the vibration monitoring data,the west slope stability of Xiaolongtan open pit mine was analyzed.The results show that the time-dependent stability factor is proportional to the vibration speed and the peak values appear at the same time.Vibration load promotes the breakage of the structural plane leading to the drop of the west slope stability factor by 0.23%.Under the multipoint simultaneous blasting,the fluctuating laws of the stability factors are consistent.The more the start-up points are,the higher the weakening degree to the slope stability is.Under the multipoint allochronic blasting,the stability factor depends on the synthetic waveform structure of all vibration waves.The greater the blasting time difference is,the lower the weakening degree to the slope stability is.Selecting the reasonable quantity of start-up points and time difference could fully reduce the adverse influence of vibration load to slope stability.