钙钛矿/钨青铜两相复合BSTN陶瓷的形成与性能研究

设计了特殊配方0.7BaO.0.3SrO·(1-y)TiO₂·yNb₂O₅, 通过过量组成控制,制备了钙钛矿相和钨青铜相共存的复相陶瓷.用XRD和阻抗仪测试了相结构及介电常数.结果表明,在形成以钙钛矿为主相的体系中,Nb₂O₅过量6mol％以上时开始形成钨青铜相;在形成以钨青铜为主相的体系中,BaO和SrO过量11mol％以上时开始形成钙钛矿相.两相含量相当的体系中,钙钛矿相几乎不固溶Nb₂O₅,而钨青铜相固溶一定量TiO₂.复相陶瓷的介电性能具有BST和SBN两相的特点.BSTN复相体系中钨青铜相的铁电/顺电转变温度随固溶TiO₂量增加而降低,随钙钛矿相增加而升高,其最低转变温度约在200℃,比纯SBN相下降90℃.     

纳米(Ba,Sr)TiO_3粉体材料的制备

采用溶胶 -凝胶工艺制备了 (Ba ,Sr)TiO3凝胶 ,并利用微波烧结技术对凝胶进行合成和烧结。结果表明 ,获得的 (Ba ,Sr)TiO3粉体颗粒较细 ,与传统固相反应合成法相比 ,其钙钛矿相的合成温度由 110 0℃降至 90 0℃ ;粉体的颗粒尺寸在 5 0nm附近     

BaO-CeO2-TiO2微波介质陶瓷的烧结特性及物相组成

采用TG—DTA、SEM、EDAX、XRD等测试手段研究了BaO—CeO2-TiO2微波介质陶瓷的烧结特性及物相组成．BaO—CeO2-TiO2的预烧温度和烧结温度分别为900-1100℃和1250-1300℃．结果表明：Bae-3XCes＋2XTi18O54（x=0．8）在1300℃下烧结后形成了由A、B两相共存的体系，其中A、B两相的元素摩尔比分别为Ce：O=1．0：1．3，Ba：Ti：Ce：O=1．00：6．70：0．35：9．46．此时体系的介电常数为28．72，品质因数为最高值4862．13GHz．     

Ba(Mgx/12Ta2x/12Zr(12-3x)/12)O3系统相关系的研究

目前的文献均表明钽镁酸钡Ba(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3不易获得单一物相.我们在Ba(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3结构不变的基础上,研究了Ba(Mgx/12Ta2x/12Zr(12-3x)/12)O3系统的相组成关系.用Zr4+置换Ba(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3中的Mg2+和Ta5+离子对,在0＜x＜4范围内生成P-3ml固溶体,在x＜3.33时开始出现BaZrO3相,在3.33≤x＜4生成P-3ml固溶体单一物相.     

Cu掺杂对Inconel 718合金Laves相稳定性的影响

采用第一性原理计算与实验相结合的方法,研究了Cu掺杂对Inconel 718合金中Laves相的影响。构建了Laves相Fe₈Nb₄晶胞的掺杂模型,计算分析了Cu掺杂前后体系的平衡晶格常数、形成热、结合能、电荷差分密度以及弹性常数等。计算结果表明,Cu元素掺杂Laves相后,体系发生晶格畸变,稳定性降低;Cu原子掺杂增加了Laves相的硬度,但对体系塑性的影响比较复杂。实验结果表明,Cu能够固溶到Laves相中,降低Laves相的固溶温度,Cu掺杂Laves相导致体系原子间结合强度的降低是造成Laves相固溶温度降低的本质原因。     

贮氢合金Zr(Mn_(l-x)Ni_x)_2的相结构

贮氢合金Zr（Mnl－xNix）2（0.40≤x≤0．75）的多相Rietveld分析表明,它是以C15型Laves相ZrM2为主的多相体系、不同M／Zr原子比（M=Nix或Mnl-x）非Laves相合金的出现与丰度和整个合金成分配比中Ni／Zr原子比的变化一致,并与Ni－Zr相图中具有同样Ni／Zr原子比的金属间化合物有相同的晶型．x＝0．75,Zr7M10的丰度是38.57％;x＝0.55,C15Laves相的最大丰度达85.98％,电化学放电容量也达最大值242mAh／g;≥0.55,C14型Laves相丰度在2％左右;x＜0．55;C14型Laves相丰度随Mn取代量的增加而增加;x＝0．40,丰度是26.38％．取代量x的增减引起每个原子的平均价电子数的变化可以解释C15Laves相出现同丰度的变化     

稀土掺杂双钙钛矿结构红色荧光粉的制备及其发光性能

采用高温固相反应法制备了Sr_(2-x)BaxMgMoO_6∶Eu~(3+)(x=0~1)双钙钛矿结构红色荧光粉。探讨了预处理及煅烧制度、Ba取代量对Sr_(2-x)BaxMgMoO_6∶Eu~(3+)荧光粉的相结构和发光性能的影响。Sr_2Mg_(0.94)Eu_(0.06)MoO_6荧光粉最佳制备工艺为:在700℃下预处理1h再升温至1050℃预处理1h并随炉降温后研细,再在1300℃煅烧4h,所得样品主相为双钙钛矿结构的Sr2MgMoO6四方相。其最强发光峰位于617nm附近,对应于Eu3+的5D0→7F2电偶极跃迁。随着Ba2+对Sr2+的取代量的增加晶体对称性提高,晶体结构由四方相变为立方相,样品的激发峰强度显著提高。由于晶体对称性的提高,抑制了荧光粉在617nm处5D0→7F2红光发射,其发光由电偶极跃迁占主导转变为磁偶极跃迁占主导。     

残余氧化硼对钛酸锶钡晶胞参数及相变温度的影响

研究了氧化硼掺杂（B2O3）烧结钛酸锶钡（Ba1-xSrxTiO3，x=0、0．4、1）陶瓷钙钛矿结构的稳定性、晶胞参数以及相变温度．结果表明，随着掺杂量的增加，钛酸锶钡仍保持原来的钙钛矿结构，但晶胞参数有所变化．晶格常数c与a并非单调变化，但轴比c／a单调递减而晶胞体积a^2c却单调增大．和未掺杂钛酸锶钡相比，掺杂钛酸锶钡陶瓷的相变温度有所升高．同一掺杂含量下，随着烧结温度的升高，因钛酸锶与钛酸钡相互固溶引起晶胞体积明显收缩，相变温度逐渐降低．但在同一烧结温度下，随着掺杂量的增加，相变温度几乎不变．说明硼离子半径虽然很小，氧化硼对钛酸锶钡晶胞参数的影响还是存在的，而且只能以填隙方式存在于晶胞，但其固溶能力非常有限．     

白光LED用Sr3-x-yMySiO5:Eux2+系列发光材料性能的研究

采用高温固相法合成白光LED用Sr3-x-yMySiO5:Eu2x+(M=mg2+、Ca2+、Ba2+、Zn2+等)发光材料,优化荧光粉的合成条件,测定样品的光谱数据,寻找Eu2+和Mg2+、Ca2+、Ba2+、Zn2+等的最佳掺杂量,使其在460nm蓝光激发下得到最优的光谱性能。     

La0.2Ba0.8(Co0.2Fe0.8)1-xZrxO3-δ透氧膜材料的微结构与氧分离性能研究

采用固相法制备了La0.2Ba0.8(Co0.2Fe0.8)1-xZrxO3-δ(x=0、0.05、0.1、0.15)片状陶瓷膜,用稳态法测试了不同成分制备样品的透氧性能,并利用XRD和SEM手段分析研究了样品的相结构和晶粒形貌及它们对材料性能的影响.研究表明固相法较难合成x=0的纯钙钛矿相,可用改进的Pechini法合成,另B位Zr的替代有利于去除材料中非钙钛矿杂相;x=0.1的样品中有少量BaZrO3析出,并导致晶粒细化(1～2μm),而这种微结构状态稳定且不受高温长时间退火和氧分压梯度的影响.晶粒细化样品的力学性能和氧渗透性能均有较大提高,x=0.1的样品较x=0样品的氧渗透性能提高了一个数量级,在1010℃,样品厚1.2mm时体系的透氧率达到4.6×10-7mol.cm-2.s-1.     

Effect of sintering condition on microstructure and dielectric properties of BSTN composite ceramics

The effect of sintering condition on the phase composition, microstructure and dielectric properties of barium strontium titanate niobate (BSTN) composite ceramics, in which the perovskite phase and the tungsten bronze phase coexisted, was investigated by XRD, SEM and LCZ Meter. The results show that more Sr²⁺ ions dissolved from the grain boundaries into the crystal lattice of the pervoskite phase and the tungsten bronze phase, especially, into the lattice of the pervoskite phase with the increasing of sintering temperature and sintering time, respectively. So the Curie temperature point decreases with the increasing of sintering temperature. The crystal growth rate of the tungsten bronze phase is higher than that of the perovskite phase in BSTN composite ceramics as the sintering temperature increases. The reasonable sintering temperature is about 1275 °C for BSTN composite ceramics. The activation energy to setting up polarization in BSTN composite ceramics increases with the increase of the applied frequency.     

La2O3掺杂BST/Mg2TiO4微波复合陶瓷的制备和性能

用固相烧结法制备掺杂La2O3的Ba0.55Sr0.45TiO3/Mg2TiO4微波复合陶瓷,研究了掺杂对其微观结构、微波(f=10 GHz)介电性能和调谐率的影响.结果表明:当掺杂La2O3量(质量分数)为1.2%时,La3+进入BST晶格,且抑制了BST/Mg2TiO4中Ti从+4向+3价转化;La2O3的掺入比较...     

Abnormal grain growth and liquid-phase sintering in Sr0.6Ba0.4Nb2O6 (SBN40) ceramics

Ceramics of Sr0.6Ba0.4Nb2O6 (SBN40) were prepared by the conventional mixed oxide route. Sintering at temperatures 1260 °C led to rapid, non-uniform grain growth and a duplex microstructure. Presintering at 1250 °C followed by higher temperature sintering (1350–1450 °C) controlled grain growth. Rapid cooling from 1450 °C froze-in second phases at grain boundaries. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that the resulting grain-boundary phases were Nb2O5-rich and BaO-deficient, having low liquid-formation temperatures. In contrast, SBN40 ceramics prepared with excess BaO and a deficiency of Nb2O5 showed no enhancement of grain growth at the highest temperature. Sintering behaviour and microstructural development provide evidence for the existence of a liquid phase which assists abnormal grain growth. The effect of presintering in controlling grain growth is discussed, and a mechanism for abnormal grain growth in Sr0.6Ba0.4Nb2O6 (SBN40) ceramics is proposed. © 1998 Chapman & Hall     

Glycothermal法制备钛酸锶钡纳米晶的研究

采用Glycothermal法制备了尺寸分布窄的准球形钛酸锶钡纳米晶. 利用XRD、拉曼光谱以及TEM对合成纳米晶结构及形貌进行了测定与表征, 研究了Glycothermal法制备BST纳米晶过程中醇-水比、温度和液相中Ba/Sr比等因素对产物组成、晶体结构、晶粒尺寸与结晶性的影响规律. 结果表明: 利用Glycothermal法, 可在无矿化剂的条件下制备出单分散性好的BST纳米晶.     

Properties of sol-gel derived strontium barium niobate ceramics and the effect of V2O5 additive

Strontium barium niobate, Sr _x Ba_1–x Nb₂O₆, (SBN) ceramics with a range of Sr/Ba ratios were fabricated using a solution chemistry approach with alkoxides dissolved in acetic acid. Powders obtained from dried gels were calcined at 800°C for three hours, a heat treatment that produced fully crystalline powders. After preparing bulk ceramics from these powders by sintering at 1200°C for 1–24 hours, the tetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB) phase was present in all compositions between 0 x 1, although not predicted by the phase diagram for BaNb₂O₆and SrNb₂O₆. Vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅) additions increased the densification, the amount of tungsten bronze phase, and the dielectric constant for all compositions except for Sr_0.65Ba_0.35Nb₂O₆(SBN65) ceramics.     

水基金属有机物分解法制备Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3薄膜的研究

制备了水基Ｂａ＾２＋、Ｓｒ＾２＋、Ｔｉ＾４＋三元有机物溶液。根据红外光 谱测定及对比实验分析了溶液配制过程中化学反应机理。采用金属有机物分解法（ＭＯＤ）制备Ｂａ０．５Ｓｒ０．５ＴｉＯ３（ＢＳＴ）薄膜。通过ＸＲＤ、ＳＥ趱 阻抗分析仪等分析测试手段,薄膜的相结构、微观形态及电性能。结果表明,所制备ＢＳＴ薄 数矿晶相结构,结晶完整晶粒小（１０－５０ｎｍ）,显微结构均匀致密,并具有良好的电性能（电容密度为     

Low temperature preparation of nanocrystalline Sr0.5Ba0.5Nb2O6 powders using an aqueous organic gel route

Nano-sized Sr_0.5Ba_0.5Nb₂O₆ (SBN50) ceramic powders have been synthesized by an aqueous organic gel route. Homogeneous Sr-Ba-Nb precursor gels are prepared with Ba-EDTA, Sr-EDTA, and Nb-citrate complex as source of Sr, Ba, and Nb, respectively. Citric acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) were used as the chelating agents. The structural variation of the SBN powder with annealing temperature was studied by TG-DTA, FT-IR and XRD. The precursor gel on calcination at 800 °C for 2 h produces a pure tungsten bronze SBN phase and the corresponding average particle size is 30-50 nm. The influences of the pH and the molar ratio of citric acid:Nb cation on the formation of homogeneous Sr-Ba-Nb precursor gels were also studied. The results show that a homogeneous Sr-Ba-Nb precursor gel with no precipitate is formed at pH 8 and the optimum molar ratio of citric acid and the metal cations is 3:1.     

Sr0.4Ba0.6Nb2O6物相形成过程的XRD分析

采用X射线衍射技术（Guinier-Hagg相机）分析了Sr0.4Ba0.6Nb2O6（SBN40）原始混合粉料经不同温度煅烧后的相组成，并利用PIRUM程序对不同反应温度下形成铌酸锶钡相的晶胞尺寸进行了计算。结果表明：在Sr0.4Ba0.6Nb2O6的形成过程中将出现中间相Na5Nb4O15、Sr5Nb4O15、SrNb2O6与BaNb2O6，而SrNb2O6与BaNb2O6最终反应生成铌酸锶钡。反应生成的铌酸锶钡的晶胞参数随反应温度的升高而变小。依据这些实验结果，文中提出了Sr0.4Ba0.6Nb2O6相的形成机制。     

低温烧结Ph(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3基复相陶瓷中的两相共存与介电性能

分别采用氟化物和硼硅玻璃为助烧剂制备了低温烧结ＰＺＮ基复相陶瓷，并借助介电温度特性研究了复相陶瓷中的两相共存与助烧剂的关系。结果表明，添加剂引入的晶格缺陷对复相陶瓷中的两相共存有显著影响。ＬｉＦ助烧剂因引起晶格氧空位促进两相固溶化，而ＭｇＦ２和硼硅玻璃助烧的ＰＺＮ复相陶瓷可保持两相共存。以硼硅玻璃为助烧剂获得了低温烧结、具有Ｘ７Ｒ温度稳定特性的ＰＺＮ基复相陶瓷。