Low light image enhancement with dual-tree complex wavelet transform

In low light condition, low dynamic range of the captured image distorts the contrast and results in high noise levels. In this paper, we propose an effective contrast enhancement method based on dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT) which operates on a wide range of imagery without noise amplification. In terms of enhancement, we employ a logarithmic function for global brightness enhancement based on the nonlinear response of human vision to luminance. Moreover, we enhance the local contrast by contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) in low-pass subbands to make image structure clearer. In terms of noise reduction, based on the direction selective property of DT-CWT, we perform content-based total variation (TV) diffusion which controls the smoothing degree according to noise and edges in high-pass subbands. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a good performance in low light image enhancment and outperforms state-of-the-art ones in terms of contrast enhancement and noise reduction.     

基于二维双树复小波变换的无人机个体识别

在无人机个体识别中,直接用双谱矩阵进行个体识别要计算复杂的二维模板,运算效率低。针对这一不足,提出了一种基于二维双树复小波变换的二次特征提取算法。该算法将双谱分解成多个方向子带图并计算其能量和能量偏差,将维度较高的双谱矩阵高效地转换为维数较低的图像纹理特征,再将其送入支持向量机实现无人机个体识别。采用实采的Phantom 3 Advanced与Mavic Pro图传信号对算法进行验证,结果表明,基于二维双树复小波变换比直接用双谱矩阵进行分类的运算效率高21倍,准确率相较于基于积分双谱、基于灰度共生矩阵、基于小波变换法有不同程度的提升,满足准确性和实时性的需求。     

Image coding using dual-tree discrete wavelet transform

In this paper, we explore the application of 2-D dual-tree discrete wavelet transform (DDWT), which is a directional and redundant transform, for image coding. Three methods for sparsifying DDWT coefficients, i.e., matching pursuit, basis pursuit, and noise shaping, are compared. We found that noise shaping achieves the best nonlinear approximation efficiency with the lowest computational complexity. The interscale, intersubband, and intrasubband dependency among the DDWT coefficients are analyzed. Three subband coding methods, i.e., SPIHT, EBCOT, and TCE, are evaluated for coding DDWT coefficients. Experimental results show that TCE has the best performance. In spite of the redundancy of the transform, our DDWT _ TCE scheme outperforms JPEG2000 up to 0.70 dB at low bit rates and is comparable to JPEG2000 at high bit rates. The DDWT _TCE scheme also outperforms two other image coders that are based on directional filter banks. To further improve coding efficiency, we extend the DDWT to an anisotropic dual-tree discrete wavelet packets (ADDWP), which incorporates adaptive and anisotropic decomposition into DDWT. The ADDWP subbands are coded with TCE coder. Experimental results show that ADDWP _ TCE provides up to 1.47 dB improvement over the DDWT _TCE scheme, outperforming JPEG2000 up to 2.00 dB. Reconstructed images of our coding schemes are visually more appealing compared with DWT-based coding schemes thanks to the directionality of wavelets.     

Low-light image enhancement based on Retinex theory and dual-tree complex wavelet transform

In order to enhance the contrast of low-light images and reduce noise in them, we propose an image enhancement method based on Retinex theory and dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT). The method first converts an image from the RGB color space to the HSV color space and decomposes the V-channel by dual-tree complex wavelet transform. Next, an improved local adaptive tone mapping method is applied to process the low frequency components of the image, and a soft threshold denoising algorithm is used to denoise the high frequency components of the image. Then, the V-channel is rebuilt and the contrast is adjusted using white balance method. Finally, the processed image is converted back into the RGB color space as the enhanced result. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the performance in terms of contrast enhancement, noise reduction and color reproduction.     

基于关键熵的双树复小波域盲图像水印算法

设计了一种基于关键熵的盲数字图像水印算法.首先,使用尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)方法,从图像中提取特征点;其次,以特征点为中心构造局部不变圆形区域,并对其进行归一化处理;然后,选取大于图像平均熵的图像区域作为关键熵图像区域;最后,结合量化调制策略及双树复小波变换(DTCWT)技术,将水印嵌入到关键熵图像区域中.实验分析...     

Image analysis using a dual-tree M-band wavelet transform.

We propose a two-dimensional generalization to the M-band case of the dual-tree decomposition structure (initially proposed by Kingsbury and further investigated by Selesnick) based on a Hilbert pair of wavelets. We particularly address: 1) the construction of the dual basis and 2) the resulting directional analysis. We also revisit the necessary pre-processing stage in the M-band case. While several reconstructions are possible because of the redundancy of the representation, we propose a new optimal signal reconstruction technique, which minimizes potential estimation errors. The effectiveness of the proposed M-band decomposition is demonstrated via denoising comparisons on several image types (natural, texture, seismics), with various M-band wavelets and thresholding strategies. Significant improvements in terms of both overall noise reduction and direction preservation are observed.     

Statistical model and local binary pattern based texture feature extraction in dual-tree complex wavelet transform domain

This paper presents a new feature extraction method in dual-tree complex wavelet transform domain. Given an input image, we obtain all highpass directional subimages and a set of pyramid lowpass subimages with different resolutions by applying DTCWT decomposition. After that, generalized Gamma density \((\hbox {G}\Gamma \hbox {D})\) models and local binary pattern are utilized respectively to characterize features of both highpass and lowpass subimages. The two kinds of features are combined for texture classification, and the experimental results on datasets Brodatz, Outex and UMD demonstrate that our proposed method can achieve superior classification accuracy than other state-of-the-art methods.     

基于双树复数小波变换的掌纹特征提取

根据掌纹纹理的多分辨率、多方向特性,提出了一种基于双树复数小波变换的掌纹特征提取方法,利用双树复数小波变换具有的近似平移不变性,多方向选择性对掌纹图像进行特征提取,全面的描述了掌纹图像的纹理特性.该方法首先对掌纹图像进行多尺度双树复数小波变换,然后将每个细节图像分块,计算每个细节图像每块各点的幅值之和,形成矢量,归一化后形成掌纹特征矢量,最后使用加权的城区距离进行匹配.在1000幅掌纹图像上进行实验,结果是该方法具有的0.093 5%的等错率,发生等错率时的正确识别率为99.908 1%,在行和列方向上的抗平移能力约为一6～+6个像素.对比实验表明本方法在提取掌纹特征和抵抗平移的能力好于基于实数小波能量特征的方法.     

Application of the dual-tree wavelet transform for digital filtering of noisy audio signals

The problem of refinement of the quality of filtering of noisy audio signals with the help of the methods based on a discrete wavelet transform with real bases and a dual-tree (complex) wavelet transform using analytical wavelets as basis functions is considered. Test examples and processing of experimental data have shown that, in the case of the optimum selection of the threshold level, the approach using the dual-tree wavelet transform ensures the minimum signal reconstruction error after correction of wavelet coefficients.     

基于Q-shift双树复数小波系数的纹理图像检索

提出了基于Q-shift双树复数小波变换(DT-CWT)系数统计模型的纹理图像检索。与实数小波变换不同的是,Q-shift DT-CWT交替地使用近似1/4群延迟采样的滤波器组,提取具有平移不变性和良好方向选择性的图像特征。为了减少特征向量的维数,提出用广义高斯分布(GGD)统计模型拟合Q-shift DT-CWT系数的分布,克服了传统使用均值和方差描述图像特征缺乏分类准确性和检索精度不高的缺点,最后用KLD(Kullback-Leibler distance)测度进行纹理图像检索。对Brodatz图像库的仿真表明,新方法较DT-CWT+GGD+KLD组合算法查准率提高3.75%,较基于Gabor+加权均值方差(WMV)组合算法查准率提高了22.56%。     

基于离散小波变换和复倒谱的音频水印算法

提出了一种新的基于离散小波变换和复倒谱的音频水印算法.将音频信号进行3级小波分解,在第3级上对小波系数加回声,根据不同的水印值选择不同的回声延迟,然后重构音频信号.检测时采用复倒谱变换,实现了水印的盲检测.实验表明,该算法具有很好的透明性和鲁棒性,能抵抗重采样,低通滤波等常见攻击和抖动,随机剪切等同步攻击.     

非抽样双树复小波域的BPP-NMF图像融合

提出了一种非抽样双树复小波变换（UDT-CWT）与基于块主元旋转的非负矩阵分解（BPP-NMF）相结合的多聚焦图像融合算法。利用UDT-CWT具有完美的平移不变性及良好的方向选择性,首先对图像进行多尺度、多方向分解并得到低频子带和高频子带系数;然后对低频子带系数采用块主元旋转的非负矩阵分解的融合策略,高频系数则选用高斯加权区域能量与区域标准差一致性选择的融合准则。最后对融合后的系数进行UDT-CWT逆变换得到重构图像。选用多组多聚焦图像进行融合并对融合结果进行主观视觉、客观方面的评价。试验结果表明,该融合算法不仅具有良好的视觉效果,同时在客观评价指标也优于一般的融合策略,验证了该算法的有效性。     

Hidden Markov Bayesian texture segmentation using complex wavelet transform

The authors propose a multiscale Bayesian texture segmentation algorithm that is based on a complex wavelet domain hidden Markov tree (HMT) model and a hybrid label tree (HLT) model. The HMT model is used to characterise the statistics of the magnitudes of complex wavelet coefficients. The HLT model is used to fuse the interscale and intrascale context information. In the HLT, the interscale information is fused according to the label transition probability directly resolved by an EM algorithm. The intrascale context information is also fused so as to smooth out the variations in the homogeneous regions. In addition, the statistical model at pixel-level resolution is formulated by a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) in the complex wavelet domain at scale 1, which can improve the accuracy of the pixel-level model. The experimental results on several texture images are used to evaluate the algorithm.     

Despeckling of medical ultrasound images using Daubechies complex wavelet transform

The paper presents a novel despeckling method, based on Daubechies complex wavelet transform, for medical ultrasound images. Daubechies complex wavelet transform is used due to its approximate shift invariance property and extra information in imaginary plane of complex wavelet domain when compared to real wavelet domain. A wavelet shrinkage factor has been derived to estimate the noise-free wavelet coefficients. The proposed method firstly detects strong edges using imaginary component of complex scaling coefficients and then applies shrinkage on magnitude of complex wavelet coefficients in the wavelet domain at non-edge points. The proposed shrinkage depends on the statistical parameters of complex wavelet coefficients of noisy image which makes it adaptive in nature. Effectiveness of the proposed method is compared on the basis of signal to mean square error (SMSE) and signal to noise ratio (SNR). The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other conventional despeckling methods as well as wavelet based log transformed and non-log transformed methods on test images. Application of the proposed method on real diagnostic ultrasound images has shown a clear improvement over other methods.     

小波变换在傅立叶变换轮廓术中的应用

从小波变换本质、原理出发 ,说明它在提取条纹位相方面的应用 ,通过阐述小波变换与傅立叶变换两者之间的内在联系 ,将小波变换应用到傅立叶变换轮廓术中 ,并着重用傅立叶变换的原理对小波提取位相的原理进行详细解释。模拟结果表明 :小波变换在傅立叶变换轮廓术中的应用是正确的、可行的。     

一种有效的双树复小波-Wiener滤波去噪算法

为了有效恢复被高斯白噪声污染的图像,将双树复小波变换和自适应Wiener滤波结合起来,提出了一种双树复小波-Wiener滤波去噪算法.仿真结果表明,利用该算法去噪后恢复的图像主观质量和峰值信噪比比基于正交小波变换的门限法和Wiener滤波法都要好.     

The complex Householder transform

The Householder (1968) transform is very useful in matrix computations and signal processing. A straightforward derivation for a complex Householder transform is given. It needs fewer complex operations when compared with the previous results by Venkaiah et al. (1993) and Xia and Suter (see Digital Signal Process., vol.5, p.116-17, 1995). We also investigate applying our result to the derivation of a hyperbolic Householder transform