对-叔丁基杯[4]芳烃酮的激光光解研究

为了探讨杯芳烃及其衍生物作为聚合物稳定剂的稳定机理，用激光光解技术研究了308nm激发光条件下，对-叔丁基杯[4]芳烃酮的环已烷溶液在室温下的激光光解行为。观察到300nm、340nm、460nm和540nm4个主要吸收峰，其中，300nm和460nm分别确定为酚氧自由基和阳离子自由基的吸收峰。研究发现，酚氧自由基的生成是单光子电离过程和双光子电离过程共同作用的结果。同时讨论了对-叔丁基杯[4]芳烃酮的阳离子自由基在460nm的吸收峰随溶剂和pH值变化的趋势。结果表明，对-叔丁基杯[4]芳烃酮受到激发后形成相对稳定的酚氧自由基是其作为聚合物稳定剂的原因之一。     

HGHG自由电子激光时间相干性研究

时间相干性是外种子型自由电子激光(FEL)对于自发辐射自放大(SASE)FEE具有的重要优势之一。利用自制的迈克尔逊干涉仪测量了600 nm(二次谐波)和400 nm(三次偕波)高增益谐波放大(HGHG)FEL的时间相干性,分析不同延迟时间处的干涉图样条纹可见度,得到了600 nm和400 nm HGHG自由电子激光的相干长度,分别为119±6.7 fs和112±16.9 fs。通过与光谱测量和理论计算结果进行比较,进一步验证了实验测量的准确性。结果表明HGHG自由电子激光继承了种子激光的相干性特点,这与理论预测结果相一致。     

Development of Long-Wavelength-Emitting Scintillators with Improved Decay Time Characteristics

Liquid and plastic fluors have been prepared which emit in the 550- to 600-nm region. Ternary liquid systems with decay times as short as 1.3 ns at 560 nm and plastic fluors with decay times less than 3 ns at 560 nm are reported. Other liquid and plastic fluors are reported with improved emission characteristics in the region of 600 nm. Conversion efficiences, on a pulse amplitude basis, are generally lower than that of a commercially available 570 nm - 16 ns plastic fluor.     

Annealing Temperature dependence of Photoluminescence from Silicon-rich silica Films

1. IlltroductionSince the observation of strong photolumines-cence (PL) of porous silicon [1], a great interest innanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si) has been stimulatedbecause of its potential applications as light-emittingdevices comPatible wlth silicon--based optoelectronicintegrated circults. In recent years, many techniques[2~5], such as sputterlng, laser chemlcal vaPor de-position, Ion implanatation, and plasma enhancedCVD ! have been adopted for preparatlon of nc-Sl em-bedded in the mat…     

用脉冲辐解技术研究菲醌的单电子氧化

采用脉冲辐解技术,以羟基自由基和硫酸根自由基作为氧化剂,研究了9,10-菲醌(PhQ)在水溶液中的单电子氧化行为,获取了瞬态产物的吸收光谱和有关动力学数据.在中性pH条件下,PhQ与羟基自由基以(1.5±0.2)(1010 dm3·mol-1·s-1的速率反应,生成一个初级瞬态产物.该瞬态产物的吸收光谱呈现出位于370nm的吸收峰和在较长波长下的一个宽吸收带.进一步实验观察到,随着短波长区初级吸收的衰减,可见光区的吸收同步增加,在400nm处形成最大吸收峰,并产生以500nm为中心的宽吸收带,表明次级瞬态产物的形成.PH9.9条件下得到的结果与中性pH的一致.降低pH至2-4,尽管初始瞬态吸收谱也呈现出位于370nm的最大吸收峰,但伴随着初始吸收的衰减,没有观察到可见区域吸收的增加.在中性pH条件下,硫酸根自由基与PhQ反应的速率常数测定为(4.0±0.6)(109dm3·mol-1·s-1,生成的瞬态吸收谱与氢氧自由基反应得到的次级吸收谱一致,呈现以400nm和500nm为中心的两个吸收带.基于光谱的相似性和动力学分析,以及羟基自由基和硫酸根自由基的特性,本工作推断反应机理如下:PhQ羟基自由基反应首先生成OH加成产物,OH加成产物脱水生成阳离子自由基;阳离子自由基亦可通过硫酸根自由基的氧化直接产生.     

Primary study on solvent effect of COCA4 by laser photolysis

Reaction of p-tert-oxocalix[4]arene in acetonitrile (CH3CN) by 308nm laser pulses was investigated to understand its mechanism as polymer stabilizer. Four main absorption bands were observed at 300nm, 400nm, 460nm and 540nm. The 300nm absorption was assigned to the absorption of phenoxy radical, and the 460nm and 540nm were triple state absorption. It was concluded that the relative stable phenoxy radical mediate was formed through intramolecular energy transition of carbonyl triplet after laser excitation in CH3CN. The formation mechanism of phenoxyl radical was quite different from that in cyclohexane (C6H12), which was cooperation of two-photon process and one-photon process.     

Surface Plasmon Resonance Enhanced Scattering of Au Colloidal Nanoparticles

Abstract Suspended gold nanoparticles have been synthesized via electrochemical method.The strongest resonance scattering peak is at 485 nm, which results from the surface plasmonresonance. When the excited wavelength is at 242 nm (12.4×10~(14) Hz), there have been a 1/2fraction frequency scattering peak at 485 nm (1/2×12.4×10~(14) Hz) and a 1/3 fraction frequencyscattering peak at 726 nm (1/3×12.4×10~(14) Hz) displayed. Emission spectra with different particlediameters were compared, the intensity of scattering light increases with the particle size. Thefrequency-dependent scattering average cross section of small particle was calculated from Mietheory. The model calculation is in agreement with the experimental results.     

DEPTH PROFILING OF ~1H AND/OR ~4He IN SOLIDS BY ERD WITH ~(19)F IONS

1H or 4He depth profiling in 1H or 4He implanted silicon samples was performed by elastic recoil detection (ERD) with multicharged 19F ions at a small accelerator. Optimization of the experimental parameters such as incident ions energy and scattering geometry were calculated by computer simulation. Depth resolution of about 20-30nm at depth of 400nm for 1H and at depth of 300nm for 4He can be obtained, respectively.     

Spatial and Excitation Variations for Different Applied Voltages in an Atmospheric Neon Plasma Jet

A neon plasma jet was generated in air,driven by a 9 kHz sinusoidal power supply.The characteristics of the plasma plume and the optical spectra with plasma propagation for different applied voltages were investigated.By increasing the applied voltage,the plasma plume first increases and then retracts to become short and bulky.The shortened effect of Ne plasma plume(about 10 mm) for the further voltage increasing is more apparent than that of He(about3 mm) and Ar(about 1 mm).Emission intensity of the N_2(337 nm) increases with the applied voltage,gradually substituting the emission intensity of Ne(702 nm and 585 nm) as the noticeable radiation.At the nozzle opening,the Ne(702 nm) emission dominates,while the Ne(585 nm)emission is most noticeable around the tip of the plasma plume.The spatial distribution of the three spectral lines indicates that Ne(702 nm) emission decreases dramatically with plasma propagation while Ne(585 nm) and N_2(337 nm) emissions reach their maxima at the middle of the plasma plume.The results indicate that the Ne(702 nm) emission is much more sensitive to the average electron temperature and the density of the high-energy electrons,so it changes greatly at the tube nozzle and little at the tip region as the voltage increases.The population of high-energy electrons,the average electron temperature,the collision with air molecules and the Penning effect between Ne metastables and air molecules may explain their different variations with plasma propagating and voltage increasing.     

沙漠砂的选频释光特征

采用BG2003释光仪研究新疆的克拉玛依、沙湾黄梁、阜康西和鄯善，甘肃的雅丹、月牙泉，河北的天漠8个沙漠砂样品的选频释光特征，确定了发射光子的特征发射频率。在红光（632.8nm）激发下，释光光子波长为480和320nm时最为突显；热释光峰（350～400℃）释放出最多光子的波长分别为460和350nm。沙湾黄梁、鄯善、天漠冲积扇在波长为500nm和鄯善在波长310nm时表现出在一定剂量范围内释光光子数随辐照剂量增大的趋势，所以，此波长可分别用于测年。     

掺Dy与Mn的硼酸镁热释光发光谱

本文制备了掺Dy和Mn的MgB4O7的磷光体,并测量其热释光发光谱。测量结果表明,MgB4O7:Mn的热释光发光峰位于180℃和300℃左右,其发光波长分布较宽,中心约为580nm;而MgB4O7:Dy的热释光发光峰位于200℃和350℃,发光波长由Dy3+离子的能级跃迁决定,位于480、580、680和750nm左右。当两者共掺时,只改变Mn的浓度,测量结果发现,随着Mn掺杂浓度的增加,480nm和680nm左右的发光受到抑制,并且低温峰也受到强烈抑制,而580nm的高温峰逐渐增强并且发光谱变宽。     

Low temperature radioluminescence spectra of CsI:Tl

Four radioluminescence bands associated with thallium at 400, 488, 550 and 593 nm, plus an intrinsic band at 340 nm have been observed in the temperature range 280-25 K in CsI:Tl. The temperature dependence of the emission intensity is obviously different from each band to another. The 488, 550 and 593 nm bands are associated with the decay of different type thallium perturbed V_K-e excitons, respectively, and the 340 nm band is related with the unperturbed H-F excitons. It is suggested that V_K centres are also involved in the emission of the 400 nm photons. The re-absorption of the 488 nm signals and the resulting increase of the 593 nm band have been discussed. At 25 and 290 K, the relative RL intensities between the four thallium associated bands do not change with the X-ray tube voltage from 15 to 40 kV. But the intensity of the 340 nm band increases faster than that of the thallium related bands when the tube voltage increases.     

The excitation power density effect on the Si nanocrystals photoluminescence

In the present work we have studied the photoluminescence (PL) behavior from Si nanocrystals (NCs) as a function of the excitation power density and annealing time. The NCs were produced in a SiO₂ matrix by Si implantations from room temperature (RT) up to 700 °C, followed by post-annealing in N₂ atmosphere at high temperature. With this aim we have changed the excitation power density (from 2 × 10⁻³ W/cm² up to 15 W/cm²) and the annealing time (from 10 min up to 15 h). The strong PL signal, which at 15 W/cm² is composed by a single-peak structure (650–1000 nm) centered at around 780 nm, expands up to 1200 nm showing a two-peak structure when measured at 20 × 10⁻³ W/cm². The peak structure located at the short wavelength side is kept at 780 nm, while the second peak, starting at around 900 nm, redshifts and increases its intensity with the implantation temperature and annealing time. The effect of the annealing time on the PL spectra behavior measured at low excitation power agrees by the first time with the Si NC growth according to quantum confinement effects.     

Intense Yellow Photoluminescence from Silicon Oxynitride Films Prepared by Dual Ion Beam Sputtering

In this work, results on the study of the structure and photoluminescence (PL) properties of SiOxNy thin films are presented. The films were deposited at room temperature using a dual-ion-beam co-sputtering system. The XRD and TEM results show that the deposited films have an amorphous structure. In the XPS result, we find N 1 s spectra consist of one symmetric single peak at 397.8 eV, indicating that the nitrogen atoms are mainly bonded to silicon. It is in agreement to the result of FTIR. In SiOxNy films, an intense single PL peak at 590 nm is observed. Furthermore, with the increase of the N content in the SiOxNy films, the intensity of the PL peak at 590 nm increases a lot. The PL peak of 590 nm is suggested to originate from N-related defects.     

玻璃基底上三角纳米银的原位生长与光谱特性研究

以经硅烷化后的玻璃片为基底,吸附三角形银纳米种子,采用柠檬酸钠为还原剂,在室温下还原硝酸银,制备出基底表面具有三角形银纳米粒子聚集结构的材料。应用透射电镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、吸收和荧光光谱对产物的结构和性质进行表征。结果表明：随着生长液体积的增加,基片上三角形银纳米盘的平均粒径长大约为300nm,且基底上出现了双层粒子堆叠;基底上纳米粒子的吸收光谱中出现了由银粒子的表面等离子体激元偶极子耦合引发的强烈吸收峰,耦合峰在600～800nm波段内移动;在215nm紫外光的激发下,基底上纳米粒子的荧光光谱在400nm处出现发射峰,荧光光谱的发光强度随着基底上粒子平均尺度增加而减弱。     

米曲霉孢子对同步辐射C、N、O元素K吸收边附近软X射线的吸收剂量分布研究

以C、N、O元素的K吸收边附近能量的软X射线为辐射光源,通过模型分析,比较了米曲霉孢子不同部位对不同能量软X射线吸收剂量分布.同时利用合肥同步辐射软X射线显微术光束线准单色的软X射线对孢子进行辐照实验,对不同能量辐照存活率结果进行了比较.理论分析表明,由于C、N、O元素K吸收边效应以及孢子不同部位元素组成的不同,受照时孢子不同部位对软X射线的吸收剂量分布随能量变化存在差异.实验结果显示,3种元素K吸收边附近软X射线对米曲霉孢子均有很强的辐射失活效应,其中2.3nm波长的软X射线对孢子的辐射损伤效应要高于3.2nm和4.4nm波长的软X射线.     

Surface structure of an ionic liquid with high-resolution Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy

The surface of an ionic liquid, trimethylpropylammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([TMPA] [TFSI]), is observed by high-resolution Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (HRBS). The composition depth profiles are derived from the observed HRBS spectra through spectrum simulation. The observed composition is in good agreement with the stoichiometric composition at depths larger than ∼1 nm. The observed composition profiles, however, show pronounced structures at the surface. Fluorine profile has a sharp peak at ∼0.1 nm and a broad peak at ∼1.0 nm. The sulfur profile also has a peak at ∼0.35 nm. These results indicate that the molecules show preferred orientations at the surface. From the observed profiles, it was concluded that the C₁ conformer of the [TFSI] anion is dominant over the C₂ conformer at the surface in contrast to bulk, where the C₂ conformer is known to be dominant. It was also found that C₁ conformers are oriented with their CF₃ groups pointing toward the vacuum in the outermost molecular layer.     

对-硝基苯甲酸的光解行为探讨

以对-硝基苯甲酸为模型,探索两个取代基处于对位而同时不溶于水但溶于有机溶剂的芳香族硝基类有机物的光解行为,为有效降解此类化合物提供实验方法与理论支持。通过266nm激光光解和254nm紫外光降解两种手段对对-硝基苯甲酸的光解行为进行了研究,考察了不同体系对对-硝基苯甲酸光解行为的影响,并获得了相应的ns级激光光解瞬态吸收光谱及紫外光降解效果,为其降解机理研究奠定了基础。通过实验发现,在激光光解条件下,310nm附近有激发三线态的生成;紫外光难以直接降解对-硝基苯甲酸,但UV/H2O2却可提高其降解效率,经分析,认为H2O2在紫外光作用下产生的.OH起到了关键性作用。     

Ionization Induced Scattering of Femtosecond Intense Laser Pulses in Cluster Plasmas

The 45° scattering of a femtosecond (60 fs) intense laser pulse with a 20 nm FWHM (the full width at half maximum) spectrum centered at 790 nm has been studied experimentally while focused in argon clusters at intensity ～ 1016 W/cra2. Scattering spectra under different backing pressures and laser-plasma interaction lengths were obtained, which showed spectral blueshifting, beam refraction and complex modulation. These ionization-induced effects reveal the modulation of laser pulses propagating in plasmas and the existing obstacle in laser cluster interaction at high laser intensity and high electron density.