一种载边比可调单边带全双工光载无线系统

理论分析了一种基于双平行马赫曾德尔调制器(MZM)的2倍频光单边带调制方案,仿真研究了基于该方案的载波重用全双工光载无线(RoF)通信系统性能.合理设置射频驱动信号相移及双平行MZM主调制器偏置电压产生单边带信号,再调整调制指数以实现光载边比ROCS的连续可调谐.讨论了射频信号相移、主调制器偏置电压、双平行MZM消光比...     

基于单MZM和FBG的10倍频抑制载波RoF系统

为优化光载无线通信系统(RoF)结构,提出了一种基于单马赫曾德尔外调制器(MZM)和光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)的10倍频抑制载波RoF系统实现方案。通过设置射频驱动信号幅度和MZM偏置电压抑制主载波和偶数阶边带,结合FBG滤波功能,最终实现10倍频RoF毫米波信号。理论推导了10倍频毫米波信号实现机理,优化了FBG带宽及反射率,实验结果表明该新型RoF系统传输20 km后功率代价为1.66 dB。     

应用于接入网段的低成本OFDM射频信号光传输系统的研究

应用于接入网段的OFDM射频信号光传输系统宜采用直接调制降低成本和技术复杂度,但射频信号直接调制方式对激光器性能和光纤色散提出更大的挑战。研究了OFDM射频信号直接调制的光传输系统(OFDM直调RoF系统)的传输特性,定量分析了直接调制激光器性能、光纤色散、载波频率及OFDM子载波数等关键参数对OFDM直调RoF系统性能的影响,提出了对OFDM直调RoF系统设计及关键参数设置的建议,研究结果对低成本和低技术复杂度的RoF接入网设计有参考价值和指导意义。     

基于两个平行马赫-增德尔调制器的光载无线传输系统

为提高光载无线(radio over fiber,RoF) 传输系统中的光波信号的利用率,本文提出了一种基于两个平行马赫-增德尔调制器 (Mach-Zehnder modulator,MZM) 的RoF传输系统。两个平行MZM经射频(radio frequency,RF) 信号调制后,产生5个光边带信号,分别是正负一阶光边带、正负二阶光边带和光载波。其中正负二阶光边带使用基带数据进行调制,经光电检测器(photodiode,PD) 拍频后产生已调数据的毫米波信号,再由天线发射出去。正二阶边带和光载波经PD拍频后产生未调制数据的毫米波,该毫米波用于接收端解调的本振信号(local oscillator,LO) 。负二阶边带信号用于上行链路的光载波。在本系统中,5个光边带信号都被充分利用,提高了光信号的利用效率。此外,还分析了该系统通过色散介质的传输特性,为RoF通信系统提供了一种实用化的解决方案。     

一种12倍频全双工RoF系统

为提高光载无线(RoF)通信系统倍频系数,提出了一种基于集成双平行马赫曾德尔调制器(MZM)和抑制载波光双边带调制的12倍频光生毫米波方案.理论分析了光生毫米波信号产生机理,讨论了相关参数对光生毫米波信号的影响,理论分析与仿真结果基本吻合.在此基础上设计了一种基于该方案的全双工RoF系统,通过调整基站(BS)线偏振器(...     

基于级联马赫曾德尔调制器的16倍频RoF系统

为降低光载无线(RoF)通信系统复杂度并提高倍频 系数,提出了一种基于偏振复用技术和级联马赫曾德尔调制器(MZM)的16倍频光载毫米波方 案。推导了方案的毫米波产生机理,讨论了MZM消光比、射频驱动信号相移、偏振控制器方 位角和线偏振器角度对光边带抑制比(OSSR)和射频杂散抑制比(RFSSR)的影响,在此基础上 研究了基于本方案的RoF系统传输性能。结果表明通过合理控制参数偏移量,在保持较宽的 偏移量最佳区间同时可以产生高性能的光载毫米波信号,其对应的最优OSSR和RFSSR分别为 30 dB和22.6 dB。当误码率(RBE)为10－9时,传输40 km 和背靠背传输相比功率代价为2.4 dB,相应的功率预算可达 50 dB。该方案结构简单且性能高效,在整个系统中并未使用光滤波器等波长 相关器件,可与现有WDM无源光网络兼容,同时该方案也为RoF系统设计提供了参考依据。     

相干光正交频分复用系统中光调制的优化设计

相干光正交频分复用(COOFDM)是目前光传输领域的研究热点之一。COOFDM系统采用马赫-曾德尔光调制器(MZM)实现射频(RF)信号到光的转换,而正交频分复用(OFDM)信号对非线性十分敏感,所以在系统设计上最关键的就是实现信号的线性传输。从理论上分析了COOFDM系统中MZM对OFDM信号的非线性影响,通过对MZM偏置点及调制指数优化,实现COOFDM系统的最佳传输,同时对COOFDM系统品质因子Q与偏置点及调制指数关系进行了仿真。结果表明,为了实现最佳线性传输,不同于传统的基于强度调制/直接检测系统(偏置点选在积分点),COOFDM系统中MZM最佳偏置点选在零点;MZM调制指数的选择也会对系统性能产生影响,当COOFDM系统中MZM调制指数为0 dB时,系统性能达到最佳。     

基于SBS和光场包络叠加的三角波产生技术

提出并演示了一种结合外调制和受激布里渊散射(SBS)放大技术、通过信号包络恰当延时而叠加产生三角波信号的新方法。该方案中激光器发出的连续光分为两路,一路经过马赫-曾德尔调制器(MZM)产生频率为斯托克斯(Stokes)频移量三分之一的基频调制信号,另一路作为SBS抽运光放大调制信号的正三阶边带获得三倍频谐波信号。两路信号的包络经过独立相位控制和功率调节,恰当延时后叠加可产生良好近似的三角波信号。通过改变连续光波长,产生的三角波信号频率可实现一定范围内的调谐。理论仿真和实验结果均证明了此方案的可行性,其避免了复杂的谱线操作,提高了系统稳定性,为任意波形产生技术提供了新思路。     

RoF技术分析及其应用

介绍并分析了光纤承载射频(RoF)中的一些关键技术的解决方案,包括基于光纤光栅的单边带调制技术、自适应数字预失真系统和基于波长交叉的波分复用技术.此外,还介绍了RoF技术在4G无线接入网、路途车辆通信系统和室内信号覆盖系统中的应用和发展趋势.     

RoF非线性链路对OFDM信号的影响

正交频分复用OFDM（Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing）与光载无线电ROF（Radio OverFiber）技术结合为实现低成本、高速数据传输的无线网络提供了可能。但RoF链路的非线性降低了系统性能。丈中在分析Machzehnder调制器的静态模型基础上,提出用Volterra级数与冲击响应分析模型相结合模型化RoF非线性系统。在此模型基础上分析Mach-Zehnder调制器以及射频放大器非线性对OFDM信号的影响。仿真分析显示非线性会使OFDM信号频谱展宽,降低信号幅度,并且随着光调制指数的增加误差矢量,带外干扰增加。为OFDM-RoF系统的线性化处理以及系统光调制器调制指教的选择提供了理论依据。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.