EIGA法制备激光3D打印用TA15钛合金粉末

采用电极感应熔炼气雾化(EIGA)法制备了激光3D打印用TA15钛合金粉末,研究了熔炼功率对粉末收得率、粒径分布、粉末形貌、松装密度和流动性等特征的影响。结果表明,随着感应熔炼功率增大,粉末收得率和平均粒径减小,当熔炼功率为65kW时,粉末收得率超过62%,中值粒径D_(50)小于100μm,松装密度为2.731g/cm3,流动性为22.46s/50g。对粒径50~180μm的粉末采用激光3D打印,激光直接沉积成形的TA15钛合金样品表面无宏观裂纹和气孔等缺陷,金相组织为细晶网篮组织,制备的TA15钛合金粉末具有良好的可打印性。     

直接还原碳化法制备TiC-WC-Ni超细粉末

TiC-WC是一种重要的复式碳化物,原料粉末颗粒的大小对材料的性能有重要影响.以TiCl4、AMT、Ni(NO3)2为主要原料,采用溶胶-凝胶工艺制得纳米氧化物复合粉末,再经直接还原碳化合成了TiC-WC-Ni超细粉末,研究了碳化温度对反应的影响.结果表明,用该方法可以在1580℃碳化2h制备出粒径为0.2～0.3μm的超细TiC-WC-Ni粉末,其制备温度比传统碳化温度低100℃以上.     

多孔Ni-Mn-Ga-Co磁性形状记忆合金的制备及磁学特性研究

首先采用球磨法制备了不同粒度的Ni-Mn-Ga-Co合金粉末,然后通过3D打印技术成功制备了泡沫结构的多孔Ni-Mn-Ga-Co磁性形状记忆合金。利用SEM、DSC和XRD等研究了合金的微观组织特征、物相结构、相变特性和相关的磁性行为。结果表明,球磨后经过分筛得到的不同粒径尺寸的合金粉末均为不规则形状。Ni-Mn-Ga-Co合金粉末在室温下为非调制四方马氏体结构,其特征峰十分明显。Ni-Mn-Ga-Co合金的DSC曲线上出现宽峰相变,添加Co元素对马氏体转变温度开始值(Ms)基本没有影响,但其居里温度(Tc)有显著的提高。采用粒径为50~100μm的合金粉末烧结制备的磁性合金,饱和磁化强度最大可达68 Am^2/kg。合金粉末粒径越小,烧结制备的多孔Ni-Mn-Ga-Co磁性形状记忆合金致密度越高。当合金粉末粒径<50μm时,致密度可达90%;当合金粉末粒径为50~100μm时,致密度仅为75%。相较于粒径较小的合金粉末,粒径较大的合金粉末制备的磁性合金磁感生应变能力更高,这是由于泡沫结构能够有效减少内部和外部的约束,从而有利于提高磁场诱导应变。     

粉体粒径对数字光处理3D打印金刚石复合材料性能的影响

基于数字光处理(Digital light processing,DLP) 3D打印技术的成型原理,系统探索了含不同粒径金刚石粉体的金刚石树脂浆料的流变性能、固化特性以及所制备的金刚石-树脂复合材料的力学性能。研究结果表明:增大粉体粒径可以降低颗粒的比表面积与表面能量,有效减小金刚石树脂浆料的粘度,在打印成型过程中有利于提高浆料的流动性;结合Beer-Lambert模型方程可知,在相同的曝光能量下,粉体粒径越大,对应金刚石浆料的固化深度越大,在打印过程中可以提供更高的层间结合强度,但是扩展固化宽度增大,导致成型精度降低。金刚石-树脂复合材料的力学性能测试结果表明增大粉体的粒径对复合材料的邵氏硬度没有显著的影响,但是有利于提高复合材料的抗弯强度和弹性模量。本研究通过光固化3D打印技术制备了含不同粒径金刚石粉体的金刚石-树脂复合材料,可为未来光固化树脂结合剂金刚石工具的成型制备提供实验基础。     

多孔不锈钢材料的制备及孔隙控制

利用凝胶注模工艺结合微波烧结的方法制备孔隙可控的多孔不锈钢,实验研究了凝胶注模参数、微波烧结参数、粉末形状和粉末粒径等因素对孔隙结构的影响.研究表明:体积固相含量达56%,明胶和海藻酸钠含量分别为1%和0.8%,混合液p H值为7时,浆料流动性好,干燥后的坯体强度较高;烧结温度达1 200℃,保温时间为30 min,孔隙形貌较好;原料的粉末形状因子越大,粒径越小,则多孔不锈钢的孔径和孔隙率越小,分布越均匀;采用粒径35~60μm,形状因子0.85~1.0的粉末,制备出的多孔不锈钢孔隙率为20%~35%、孔径为10~30μm,接近现有透气模具钢水平.通过选取不同粉末形状因子和粒径的粉末,以及合理的凝胶注模和微波烧结工艺参数,可以准确控制多孔不锈钢材料的孔隙率与平均孔径.     

Fe-Ga磁致伸缩粉末制备及涂层组织及性能研究

以纯Fe和Ga金属为原料,采用气雾化法制备粒径为10～150μm的Fe-Ga磁致伸缩合金粉末,通过超音速火焰喷涂技术沉积Fe-Ga合金涂层.采用SEM、XRD、纳米压痕仪、拉伸试验机和磁致伸缩测试仪表征粉末和涂层的形貌、组织结构和性能.研究结果表明,气雾化粉末具有单一的α-Fe相,粉末球形度高.选择粒径为30～60μm...     

激光衍射法中光学模型对B4 C粉末粒度分布测量结果的影响

选了四种不同平均粒径的B4C粉末分别用激光衍射法仪中Fraunhofer（夫朗和费）衍射和Mie（米氏）散射光学模型测量其粒度分布和平均粒度，结果表明，对于粒径界于10－15μm之间的粉末，无需知道材料对光的折射率和吸收率，其应用Fraunhofer衍射理论测理的结果与应用Mie散射理论测得的结果近似，但分布线有一定的区别，对于＞15μm粉末，在两种模型下分布曲线与平均粒径皆接近；而对于＜10μm的粉末，必须采用Mie散射光学模型，并需预先知道材料的光学特性。     

不同粒径氧化铝粉末涂覆隔膜电化学性能研究

采用浸泡方法制备了表面涂覆不同粒径氧化铝粉末的电池隔膜,并在制备扣式电池基础上表征了电化学性能。结果显示,随着掺杂粉末粒径的增加,涂覆隔膜的电化学性能降低。选用平均粒径0.77μm、分布较窄的氧化铝粉末作为涂层掺杂物,能提高隔膜的性能,循环充放电30次后容量维持率为96.3%,高于未涂覆的基膜,同时伏安循环性、交流阻抗均优于未涂覆隔膜,说明通过在普通隔膜的表面涂覆亚微米级的氧化铝粉末能有效改善电池隔膜的电化学性能。     

太阳能电池银导电浆料的研究进展与展望

银导电浆料广泛用于太阳能电池的正极导电材料。导电浆料的质量影响太阳能电池的转换效率和稳定性。综述了国内外银电子浆料的最新研究进展,并重点介绍了平均粒径在1μm的球形银粉和低松比片状银粉的制备及对银导电浆料电性能的影响,无铅玻璃粉的制备及性能影响因素,以及具有层次挥发性的有机载体的制备现状及各组分对太阳能电池正面银浆料导电性能的影响。最后展望了银导电浆料的发展方向,并提出了制备高分散性的球形银粉的方法,指出了太阳能电池导电浆料用玻璃熔体和有机载体的性能要求和发展方向。     

超细球形铜粉的制备

研究了一种新颖的球形铜粉制备方法,即先用葡萄糖还原法制备球形超细Cu2O粉末,然后用氢气还原Cu2O粉末制备球形铜粉.用葡萄糖还原Cu(Ⅱ)可以制备球形的Cu2O粒子.在240℃下用氢气还原球形Cu2O粉末,得到了分散性良好的球形铜粉,铜粉具有良好的导电性和稳定性.铜粉粒径大小和粒径分布取决于前驱体Cu2O粒子的大小和粒径分布.还原后的粉末粒径略有收缩,平均粒径为1.18μm,振实密度为2.1g/ml.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to