热致变色材料在智能社会中的发展现状及趋势

综述了热致变色材料在智能制造、智能电网、智能建筑、智能医疗、智能服装等领域的最新应用;然后按照智能应用特点将其分为可逆和不可逆两大类;进而依据分类原则归纳变色机理;并对未来发展趋势提出了展望。在智能社会初露端倪的大背景下,基于该材料感温变色的特性,从面向智能化应用的角度出发,为该材料的发展提供了一些参考。     

可逆热致变色材料的应用新进展

本文着重阐述了近几年来可逆热致变色材料在智能颜料、生物传感器及非可见光变色材料上的应用进展.同时对其应用机理和前景也进行了简单的介绍.     

变色材料的研究与应用

介绍了光致变色材料、热致变色材料、电致变色材料和溶剂致变色材料的变色机理及其在信息、汽车、建筑、纺织服装和日用品等领域的应用。     

热致变色材料在智能社会背景下发展现状及趋势

在社会智能化的进程中，热致变色材料作为一种特殊功能材料，在很多领域具有重要应用价值。首先介绍热致变色材料在智能社会背景下的最新应用，然后对其进行了简单分类，依据分类原则归纳总结其变色机理，最后对其未来发展趋势提出了一些见解。     

二氧化钒功能纳米材料的制备方法及应用研究进展

综述了近年来VO2纳米材料的制备及改性方法,及其在热致变色智能窗、锂离子电池、催化剂载体、数据存储材料等领域的应用研究进展。     

共聚芘的合成及功能性研究进展

总结了近年来出现的新型共聚芘的合成及功能性。阐述了共聚芘单元对普通聚合物的光电性能、热稳定性能等的改性作用。指出共聚芘是一种新型多功能聚合物,在电致变色器件、智能窗、电子纸张、有机聚合物发光二极管、可充电电池以及耐高温材料等领域都将显示出诱人的应用前景。     

形状记忆聚合物

综述了形状记忆聚合物的4种基本类型：热致、电致、光致和化学感应型,介绍了热致形状记忆聚合物的记忆机理,概述了聚降冰片烯、反式聚异戊二烯、交联聚乙烯及聚氨酯等形状记忆聚合物研究进展,同时介绍了形状记忆聚合物材料在医疗、包装、建筑、玩具、汽车、报警器材等领域的应用。     

可逆热致变色材料的变色机理及应用

本文介绍了热致变色材料的类别和发展趋势,着重介绍了可逆热致变色材料的变色机理及其应用。     

陶瓷材料新术语诠释(六)

变色材料ChromicMaterials 变色陶瓷ChromicCeramics 具有特殊组成和结构的材料,当受到光、热、电、辐射、压力等外界刺激后能自动变更其颜色的称为变色材料。根据使材料变色的作用机理可将变色材料划分为以下几种:光致变色材料、热致变色材料、电致变色材料、压致变色材料等。(1)光致变色材料(光敏变色材料)(Photo-chromicMaterials) 一些化合物在某些波长的光照射下,其颜色会发生可逆变化。光致变色材料在图像显示、信息存储技术、光装饰材料及防伪技术等领域中应用广泛。无机化合物和有机化合物都有光致变色现象。光变色有机…     

导电共轭聚合物的制备与应用

详细阐述了导电共轭聚合物的重要合成方法如化学氧化法、电化学合成法和乳液聚合法的合成原理及其在电池、光电子、电致变色等领域的应用,并指出了当前在研究与开发导电共轭聚合物的过程中存在的问题.     

Influence of stabilizer additives on thermochromic coating for temperature monitoring

Compounds based on smart materials are functional structures that can be used as thermochromic sensors for temperature monitoring in equipment such as pipelines, motors, and heat exchangers. We developed thermochromic coatings based on 1,3,3-trimethylindolino-β-naphthopyrylospiran acrylic polyurethane with and without 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-ditertpentylphenol photostabilizer additives and antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene and applied them on stainless-steel plates by the spray lay-up method. The samples were analyzed using a weathering chamber with UVA and UVB radiation to monitor their degradation process, revealing complete degradation of the coating without antioxidant and photostabilizer, leading to loss of its thermochromic characteristic.     

Polymeric materials with switchable superwettability for controllable oil/water separation: A comprehensive review

Oily water treatment has become an urgent need in our daily life because of its harmful potential to the ecological system. In recent years, functional materials with superwetting or superantiwetting property have experienced a rocketing development due to their applications in various areas, including self-cleaning, anti-icing, printing, water collection, liquid transfer, oil/water separation, and so on. In this regard, recent advances in polymer science hold the promise of fine-tuning the composition and morphology for a targeted design to meet the requirements in specific application fields. This review focused on polymeric materials, especially smart polymers, for controllable oil/water separations. Starting from the fundamental theories and criteria related to the separation mechanisms, different stimuli including pH, solvent, ions, chemicals, temperature, photo, electric, pressure, and dual stimuli for triggering smart oil/water separation processes were summarized. Highlights on polymer types, polymer synthesis approaches, separation materials fabrication method, as well as separation performances were present. Current limitations and future perspective were also given. This review aims to offer deep insights into polymer-based interfacial science and provide guidance for the fabrication of smart polymeric surfaces for oily water separation.     

Polymers with upper critical solution temperature behavior in alcohol/water solvent mixtures

Thermoresponsive polymers are of great importance in numerous nanotechnological and biomedical applications. Compared to polymers that undergo a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) phase transition in aqueous solution, i.e., demixing occurs upon heating, polymers exhibiting the reversed upper critical solution temperature (UCST) behavior in aqueous solution have been much less documented as it is more challenging to achieve this behavior in aqueous solutions. Furthermore, the high sensitivity of UCST behavior to minor variation in polymer structure and solution composition hampered the development of applications based on these polymers [18]. However, polymers with UCST transition in alcohol/water solvent mixtures are more commonly reported and exhibit promising properties for the preparation of ‘smart’ materials. This review will focus on the theory and development of such polymers with UCST behavior in alcohol/water solvent mixtures. By highlighting reported examples of UCST polymers in alcohol/water solvent mixtures, we aim to demonstrate the versatility and potential that such UCST polymers possess as biomedical and ‘smart’ materials.     

Optical detection of combustion zone movement in solid high-energy materials

Optical methods in infrared (IR) and visible (VIS) ranges for detection of combustion zone propagation in solid high-energy materials, such as pyrotechnic compositions inserted into pyrolytic graphite (pyrographite) tubes and ignited at one end by a CO₂ laser beam are presented. The pyrographite tube is used as a thermal management transducer enabling detection of combustion zone movement because of unique thermal conductivity anisotropy of pyrographite resulting in low thermal conductivity of the tube along its axis and high thermal conductivity along the tube radius. In the first method, an IR thermal camera is applied for detection of heat zone movement induced on the external side surface of the pyrographite tube by the combustion zone travelling inside the tube. According to the second method, a VIS camera and a thermochromic layer covering the external side surface of the pyrographite tube are used for visualization of heat zone movement registered as the color change boundary traveling along the thermochromic layer. The change in color of this layer is caused by its thermochromic substance response to heat delivered by the heat zone. As thermochromic substances, leuko dyes or chiral-nematic liquid crystals are used. These methods seem to be particularly promising for continuous measurements of burning rates of solid high-energy materials, such as solid rocket propellants and pyrotechnic compositions.     

Light and Shape-Memory Polymers: Characterization,Preparation, Stimulation,and Application

Shape-memory polymers (SMPs) are smart materials that change shape when exposed to stimuli and have various applications in different fields due to their unique properties. Light, as a kind of electromagnetic radiation, plays an important role in understanding the structure-property relations of SMPs, preparing original shapes, using them as non-contact stimuli sources, and tuning the optical properties of SMPs. This review provides a comprehensive review of the involvement of light in structure-preparation-stimuli-application of SMPs. The review is divided into four sections. First, applications of optical/spectroscopic approaches that provide information for understanding structure-property relations in SMPs, especially during programming and recovery. Second, describes how to build SMPs with light, including different photochemical reactions and 3D photocuring technologies. Third, discusses how light is used to trigger the shape change of SMPs through both photochemical and photothermal mechanisms. Last, focuses on how to take advantage of the shape-memory effect to tune the optical characteristics of polymers, including various structures of SMP color-changing materials and their synthetic strategies. Future research could focus on developing efficient photothermal fillers, new 3D printing techniques for SMPs, exploring their use in biomedical and wearable devices, and optimizing SMPs for industrial applications.     

Liquid Crystalline Inorganic Nanosheet Colloids Derived From Layered Materials

Inorganic layered crystals such as clay minerals, layered niobates, and graphite are exfoliated in solvents to form colloidal dispersions of extremely thin inorganic nanosheets. Recently, the liquid crystal phases of these “nanosheet colloids” have been rediscovered and are attracting interest as new types of inorganic liquid crystals. The huge anisotropy of the mesogenic nanosheets compared to other liquid crystal systems is an important feature of the nanosheet liquid crystals for fundamental studies in the fields of colloid science and soft matter physics. In addition, the rich functionalities intrinsic to inorganic materials open a variety of applications such as smart colloids and composite materials with structural regularity. In this article, the recent progress of the emerging new materials of inorganic nanosheet liquid crystals is reviewed with a focus on the behaviors of each system, alignment by external field, and theoretical aspects.     

功能高分子在新型给药系统中的应用

功能高分子材料具有独特的物理和化学性能,近年来在各类给药系统中有着广泛的应用。该文对功能高分子在新型给药系统中的应用及研究进展进行了评述;结合具体药物剂型,针对不同给药系统的特点和实际需要以及功能高分子的相关特性,讨论了功能高分子材料在药物控缓释中的独特作用和在不同给药系统中的应用前景。     

Nanoporous organic polymer networks

Nanoporous organic polymer networks are a class of materials consisting solely of the lighter elements in the periodic table. These materials have potential uses in areas such as storage, separation, and catalysis. Here, we review the different classes of nanoporous polymer networks including covalent organic frameworks, hypercrosslinked polymers, conjugated microporous polymers, and polymers of intrinsic microporosity. The growing variety in synthetic routes to these materials allows a range of different polymer networks to be formed, including crystalline and amorphous structures. It is also possible to incorporate many different kinds of functional groups in a modular fashion. So far, most networks have been examined from the perspective of gas sorption, and this area is discussed critically and in depth in this review. The use of nanoporous organic polymers for applications such as catalysis and separations is an important developing area, and we discuss recent developments as well as highlighting potential future opportunities.     

Insight into color change of reversible thermochromic systems and their incorporation into textile coating

Dynamic color and phase change of chosen thermochromic systems were deeply investigated and their incorporation into polyurethane textile coating was developed. The colorimetric properties of three commercial reversible leuco dyes-based thermochromic pigments (TPs) with activation temperature at 38, 50, and 60°C were studied. Color change as a function of temperature was evaluated and colorimetric values were related to phase transition temperatures via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurement. Light fastness of commercial TPs in polyurethane coating was determined by accelerated aging measurement and the color stability has been improved by using ultraviolet absorber (UVA). This research opens new possibilities for smart textiles, which is a very promising field in high-technology materials.