ZnO-B_2O_3掺杂陶瓷的微观结构和微波介电性能

研究了ZnO-B_2O_3(ZB_2)对(Ca_(0.254)Li_(0.19)Sm_(0.14))TiO_3陶瓷的烧结行为和微波介电性能的影响。结果表明:ZnO-B_2O_3添加质量分数为3%时,试样的相对密度达到最大值;烧结温度从1 300℃降低到1 100℃时,试样的微波介电性能没有衰减。添加3%ZB_2(质量分数)的(Ca_(0.254)Li_(0.19)Sm_(0.14))TiO_3陶瓷在1 100℃烧结3 h呈现出较好的微波介电性能,介电常数ε_r=108.2,品质因数Q_f=6 545 GHz,共振频率温度系数τf=6.5×10~(-6)/℃,表明ZB_2是一种有效改善(Ca_(0.254)Li_(0.19)Sm_(0.14))TiO_3陶瓷致密性和微波介电性能的烧结助剂。     

The Structurization of Aluminum Oxide Composite Ceramics Involving Products of Iron Oxide Reduction by Nanosized Nonstoichiometric Silicon Carbide

Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics - The paper studies the structurization of aluminum oxide ceramics sintered with additions of a synthesized fine SiC–Fe 2 O 3 powder alloy. The...     

Mechanical properties of materials obtained from an ultrafine aluminum nitride powder

Conclusions A study was made of the mechanical properties of materials produced from an ultrafine aluminum nitride powder. It is shown that use of such a fine powder enables virtually nonporous specimens to be produced having high strength characteristics: _c=1600 MPa, _tr= 320 MPa, microhardness of 16,800 MPa, microstrength of 3100 MPa, and microbrittleness of 1.9. On the basis of the results obtained it is possible to recommend aluminum nitride sintered from an ultrafine powder as a good-quality constructional ceramic material.Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 12(240), pp. 65–69, December, 1982.     

氮化铝粉末制备方法及研究进展

氮化铝因高导热和绝缘性得到广泛应用,目前全球氮化铝应用市场处于高速成长期,对氮化铝的需求也在持续增长.氮化铝粉末是制备氮化铝陶瓷的关键原料,其性质对后续制备的氮化铝陶瓷性能有决定性影响.本文整理对比了微米级与纳米级氮化铝粉末的制备方法并对未来氮化铝粉末制备的研究方向和发展趋势提出了展望.     

钛酸锶钡陶瓷的制备及介电性能

采用固相法和溶胶凝胶法制备钛酸锶钡(BaxSr1 xTiO3,BST)粉末,用X射线分析仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析2种方法制备的BST粉末的物相组成和显微形貌。固相法和溶胶凝胶法所得粉末制备的压坯分别在1 400℃和1 300℃烧结2 h得到BST陶瓷,用密度分析仪、扫描电镜(SEM)和阻抗分析仪对BST陶瓷的密度、断口显微形貌和介电性能进行分析,研究不同Ba/Sr比例和2种不同粉末颗粒尺寸对BST陶瓷介电性能的影响。结果表明:室温下,BaxSr1 xTiO3(x=0.5,0.6)为立方相,BaxSr1 xTiO3(x=0.7,0.8)为四方相;固相法粉末制备的BaxSr1 xTiO3(x=0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8)陶瓷的密度、颗粒尺寸和介电常数峰值均随Ba含量的增加而增加,居里温度随Ba含量的增加呈线性增加,线性拟合得到Tc=221.6+354x,BST陶瓷的介电常数随频率的增加而降低;与固相法粉末制备的BST陶瓷相比,溶胶凝胶法粉末制备的BaxSr1 xTiO3(x=0.5,0.6)陶瓷密度较高,但同时出现介电峰弥散,介电常数和介电损耗较低。     

Dielectric Properties of Dy2O3 -Doped ( Ba, Sr) TiO3 Ceramics

The effects of Dy2O3 doping on the dielectric properties of (Ba, Sr)TiO3 series capacitor ceramics prepared using solid-state reaction method were studied. With the increasing of Dy2O3 additive , the dielectric constant (ε) of materials increases to a maximum when w(Dy2O3 ) is about 0.5% ,while the dielectric loss(tanδ) decreases. The BST ceramics with highε ( = 5245 ), low tanδ ( = 0. 0026 ) and high DC breakdown voltage ( = 5.5 mV ·m-1 ) were obtained. The influencing mechanism of Dy2O3 on the dielectric properties of (Ba, Sr)TiO3 ceramics was studied, thus providing the basis for preparation of capacitor ceramics.     

Studies on BaO-Y2O3-TiO2 Microwave Dielectric Ceramics

BaO-Y₂O₃-TiO₂ microwave dielectric ceramics with the rich area of TiO₂ were fabricated by a solid-state reaction method using BaCO₃, Y₂O₃, TiO₂ powders as starting materials. The sintering characteristics, phase composition, micro-structures and microwave dielectric properties of BaO-Y₂O₃-TiO₂ microwave dielectric ceramics with different k values sintered at different temperatures were investigated. The results showed that the sintering temperature of BaO-Y₂O₃-TiO₂ microwave dielectric ceramics was lower (about 1240 °C), and the sintered ceramics with the major phase of Y₂Ti₂O₇ had excellent dielectric properties. When k = 4, ɛ_r and tanδ were about 78.3 and 3 × 10⁻³ respectively. When k=5, ɛ_r and tanδ were about 53 and 9 × 10⁻⁴ respectively.     

超级微波消解-碰撞池-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定氮化铝粉中钠钨铁锌钛锰

作为制备氮化铝材料的原料,氮化铝粉体中的杂质金属元素含量会对氮化铝制品的导热和介电性能产生重要影响。实验采用硫磷混酸以超级微波消解法处理样品,解决了氮化铝粉难以溶解完全的问题。选择²³Na、¹⁸²W、⁵⁴Fe、⁶⁶Zn、⁴⁶Ti和⁵⁵Mn为待测同位素,控制氦气流量为1.52 mL/min、以氦气碰撞池模式(CCT mode)消除质谱干扰,用50 μg/L ⁸⁹Y校正²³Na、⁵⁴Fe、⁶⁶Zn、⁴⁶Ti、⁵⁵Mn,用50 μg/L ¹⁸⁵Re校正¹⁸²W,建立了碰撞池-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定钠、钨、铁、锌、钛、锰6种杂质金属元素的方法。在优化的实验条件下,6种元素的检出限为0.03~0.64 mg/kg,定量限为0.10~2.13 mg/kg。采用实验方法对氮化铝粉样品进行测定,6种元素测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)均小于4%,加标回收率为96%~103%。采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)和石墨炉原子吸收光谱法进行方法对照试验,测定结果与实验方法基本一致。     

超级微波消解-碰撞池-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定氮化铝粉中钠钨铁锌钛锰

作为制备氮化铝材料的原料,氮化铝粉体中的杂质金属元素含量会对氮化铝制品的导热和介电性能产生重要影响。实验采用硫磷混酸以超级微波消解法处理样品,解决了氮化铝粉难以溶解完全的问题。选择²³Na、¹⁸²W、⁵⁴Fe、⁶⁶Zn、⁴⁶Ti和⁵⁵Mn为待测同位素,控制氦气流量为1.52 mL/min、以氦气碰撞池模式(CCT mode)消除质谱干扰,用50 μg/L ⁸⁹Y校正²³Na、⁵⁴Fe、⁶⁶Zn、⁴⁶Ti、⁵⁵Mn,用50 μg/L ¹⁸⁵Re校正¹⁸²W,建立了碰撞池-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定钠、钨、铁、锌、钛、锰6种杂质金属元素的方法。在优化的实验条件下,6种元素的检出限为0.03~0.64 mg/kg,定量限为0.10~2.13 mg/kg。采用实验方法对氮化铝粉样品进行测定,6种元素测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)均小于4%,加标回收率为96%~103%。采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)和石墨炉原子吸收光谱法进行方法对照试验,测定结果与实验方法基本一致。     

MnO_2掺杂BaTi_4O_9陶瓷微波介电性能研究

采用传统固相反应法合成BaTi_4O_9粉体,复合掺杂质量分数为0~0.16%MnO_2,在空气气氛下常压烧结制备BaTi_4O_9陶瓷。研究了MnO_2对BaTi_4O_9陶瓷的相组成、微观形貌、烧结特性及介电性能的影响。X射线衍射分析和扫描电子显微镜观察表明,Mn完全固溶到BaTi_4O_9陶瓷中;随着MnO_2掺杂量的增加,晶粒更加均匀,BaTi_4O_9陶瓷更加致密,介电常数略微降低,品质因数和谐振频率温度系数先显著提高继而降低;MnO_2掺杂BaTi_4O_9陶瓷发生Ti位取代,高温烧结时在一定程度上抑制了Ti~(4+)还原为Ti~(3+),从而改善BaTi_4O_9陶瓷微波介电性能。在烧结温度1250℃,保温时间4 h,掺杂MnO_2质量分数为0.08%时,BaTi_4O_9陶瓷微波介电性能最优,介电常数(εr)为34.56,品质因数(Q·f,中心频率5 GHz)为49097,谐振频率温度系数(τ_f)为14.997×10~(-6)/℃,相对密度最大,达97%。     

Enhanced Dielectric Properties in Spark Plasma Sintered Zinc Titanate Ceramics

The ever increasing application of zinc titanate ceramics as a dielectric material in microwave devices and low temperature co-fired ceramics calls for the improvement in their dielectric properties. In this paper, the effect of different sintering techniques on the dielectric properties of zinc titanate have been discussed. Zinc titanate was prepared by ball milling 1:1 molar ratio of ZnO and TiO₂ for 12 h and calcined at 800 °C for 2 h. The presence of ZnTiO₃ and Zn₂TiO₄ phases were confirmed by X-ray diffraction and the dielectric properties of the sintered samples were studied using LCR meter. Samples consolidated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) showed highest densification (13% increase), higher dielectric permittivity (?_r = 25.17) and Q factor (Q factor = 162.78) with lower loss tangent values (tanδ = 0.00614) than that of microwave sintered samples (?_r = 21.86, Q factor = 99.08, tanδ = 0.01009) and conventionally sintered samples (?_r = 20.54, Q factor = 60.07, tanδ = 0.01665). The fabrication time was considerably reduced for the materials prepared via SPS than that prepared by conventional route with improved properties and also the dependence of dielectric properties on density was confirmed in this research work.     

Effect of La2O3-Dopant on Microstructure and Microwave Dielectric Properties of CaO-MgO-Nb2O5-TiO2 System Ceramics

With the development of microwave integratedsystem for wireless communication, requirements ofthe microwave device are combined with high dielec tric constants (εr), low dielectric losses (Q = 1/tanδ) and near zero temperature coefficient for stabili ty and frequency selectivity[1,2]. But it is hard to findmaterials that satisfy all above mentioned requiredcharacteristics. In general, a ceramic with a high di electric constant has a larger positive temperature coef fi…     

Phase Formation in Sintering of Materials Based on Silicon Nitride with Li2CO3 and AlN Additives

We have studied the phase formation processes occurring in sintering of materials based on silicon nitride with lithium carbonate and aluminum nitride or Al powder additives. We have studied samples of different compositions that were sintered at 1450, 1550, and 1750°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. We have established that the phase composition depends on the sintering temperature, the composition of the starting charge, and also the amount and the nature of the Al-containing additives.     

采用天然斜锆石微波烧结制备部分稳定氧化锆陶瓷

以选矿所得的天然斜锆石为原料，通过添加一定量的CaO稳定剂，经微波烧结直接制成Ca增韧部分稳定氧化锆陶瓷。微波设备采用的是自行研制的多模腔微波烧结装置，该装置频率为2．45GHz，最大功率为3kW。实验发现，物料在多模腔中经微波加热至约1300℃保温80min得到部分稳定氧化锆陶瓷，其密度可达到理论密度的92．97％，抗弯强度达138．271MPa。     

Sintering characteristics and microwave dielectric properties of 0.5Ca0.6La0.267TiO3-0.5Ca(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics prepared by reaction-sintering process

0.5 Ca_(0.6)La_(0.267)TiO_3-0.5 Ca(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3(5 CLT-5 CMN) ceramics were prepared by a reaction-sintering process and their sintering characteristics, microwave dielectric properties were investigated in detail.Without any calcination stage involved,a mixture of CaCO_3, La_2 O_3, TiO_2, MgO and Nb_2 O_5 was pressed and sintered directly. Pure phase 5 CLT-5 CMN ceramics with high density and dense microstructure can be obtained after sintered at 1400 ℃ for 4 h. Compared with those prepared by the conventional ceramic route, 5 CLT-5 CMN ceramics produced by the reaction-sintering process exhibit slightly higher dielectric constant and Q×f value. Fine microwave dielectric properties of ε_r= 56.4, Q×f= 48,550 GHz and T_f = +8.7 ppm/℃ for 5 CLT-5 CMN ceramics sintered at 1400 ℃ for 4 h are obtained, suggesting reactionsintering process is a simple and efficient method to produce pure phase 5 CLT-5 CMN ceramics as a potential candidate for the fabrication of microwave devices.     

不同方式引入CuO制备低温烧结(Bi1.5Zn0.5)(Zn0.5Nb1.5)O7陶瓷

以Bi₂O₃、ZnO和Nb₂O₅为原料,采用传统固相反应法制备（Bi_1.5Zn_0.5）（Zn_0.5Nb_1.5）O₇（BZN）陶瓷。通过CuO包覆层修饰BZN粉体表面,引入CuO助烧剂代替直接混合BZN和CuO粉体。以CuSO₄溶液为先驱体制备CuO包覆层,采用液相包覆法引入助烧剂可减少CuO的添加量,从而降低CuO对BZN陶瓷介电性能的不良影响。结果表明,当CuSO₄溶液浓度为0.5 mol/L时,可以促进陶瓷的烧结和致密化过程,经900℃烧结3 h所得BZN陶瓷介电性能最佳,介电常数（ε_r）为141,品质因数值（Q_f）为426 GHz,谐振频率温度系数（τ_f）为—357×10-6/℃（4 GHz）,皆优于固相混合法所得介电性能（介电常数为134,品质因数为287 GHz,谐振频率温度系数为—374×10-6/℃（4 GHz））。     

Dielectric characteristics of silicon nitride powders in the SHF range

Conclusions The dielectric properties of silicon nitride are strongly affected by the presence of impurities, in particular oxygen. The dielectric permittivity of silicon nitride, calculated from data yielded by measurements at a frequency of 9.5 GHz, is 6.3–7.1, and the tangent of its dielectric loss angle, (5.3–9.7) · 10^–3.Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 9(213), pp. 62–70, September, 1980.     

氮化硼对铝炭、镁炭耐火材料性能的影响

通过在铝炭、镁炭耐火材料中引入氮化硼及很细的铝粉,在埋碳烧成过程中发现部分氮化硼与碳及铝反应生成氧氮化物及碳化物。引入氮化硼,降低了铝炭、镁炭砖的氧化失重速率,提高了砖的抗氧化性能。加入量适当时,对砖的抗侵蚀性也有所改善。     

The influence of the atmosphere on the sintering of aluminum

Alloys of Al, Al-0.15Mg, and Al-12Sn made using air atomized aluminum powder and pressed to green densities of 75 to 98 pct were sintered under argon or nitrogen. Sintering in argon is only effective at high green densities when magnesium is present. In contrast, highly porous aluminum can be sintered in nitrogen without the need for magnesium. The oxygen concentration in the gas is reduced by the aluminum through a self-gettering process. The outer layers of the porous powder compact serve as a getter for the inner layers such that the oxygen partial pressure is reduced deep within the pore network. Aluminum nitride then forms, either by direct reaction with the metal or by reduction of the oxide layer, and sintering follows.     

氧化物添加对BaO-TiO2-Al2O3-SiO2玻璃陶瓷介电性能的影响

采用烧结法制备工艺,成功制备了BaO-TiO₂-Al₂O₃-SiO₂玻璃陶瓷,以钛酸钡体系玻璃陶瓷为基础成分添加不同种类氧化物(Y2O3,Ni2O3,ZrO2),并采用X射线衍射(XRD),场发射扫描电镜(FESEM),精密阻抗分析仪测试仪(LCR)对添加不同氧化物玻璃陶瓷样品的析出相成分、微观结构和介电性能进行表征,研究了氧化物添加对BaO-TiO₂-Al₂O₃-SiO₂玻璃陶瓷性能的影响。研究结果表明:添加不同的氧化物并未改变BaO-TiO₂-Al₂O₃-SiO₂玻璃陶瓷的析出相种类,但能够促进基体中钙钛矿结构钛酸钡结晶相的生成。同时添加不同氧化物后样品的致密度均随烧结温度的升高呈现先增大后减小的变化趋势,在最适烧结温度下,氧化物的添加提高了不同烧结玻璃陶瓷样品的致密度,并优化了样品的介电性能。通过添加不同种类氧化物获得了同时具有高致密度和良好介电性能的玻璃陶瓷成分,当添加0.5%(质量分数)Ni₂O₃时,样品在最佳烧结温度1230°C下烧结获得最大致密度为98.6%,提高了1.65%,样品室温下的介电常数高达1100,提高了139.5%。