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针对遥控小型移动机器人在自主返航实际应用中定位精度低等问题,提出一种小型移动机器人自主返航路径规划方法.介绍小型移动机器人的任务流程及硬件系统,利用膨胀算子对栅格地图中的障碍物进行运算得到栅格Voronoi图.使用双边界路径矢量化方法从栅格Voronoi图中提取出矢量路径,并对该路径进行拓扑优化.通过Dijkstra算法对拓扑路径进行路径规划并进行算法验证.实验结果表明,该方法所得路径可使环境中的机器人与障碍物之间的距离最大化,并使移动机器人的运动轨迹具有较高的可执行性,提高了小型移动机器人自主返航的成功率. 相似文献
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基于CAN总线的自主移动机器人通信系统研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
该文提出了一种由远程监控机、PC104及DSP组成的基于CAN总线通信的自主移动机器人通信系统的分布式体系结构。在此结构基础上,阐述了移动机器人主体的上层控制计算机PC104与底层控制系统各DSP之间的CAN总线通信协议,并给出了相应的通信软件的具体设计与实现。最后,在笔者研发的自主移动机器人CASIA-I上实现了上述通信控制软件。 相似文献
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多移动机器人通信系统研究进展 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
鉴于通信是多机器人在联合工作时进行交互的主要途径,对国内外近年来多移动机器人通信系统的研究工作进行了总结.重点介绍了多移动机器人通信系统目前的研究现状和主要研究内容,包括通信方式、通信语言、通信拓扑、通信协议以及其他结合通信的多移动机器人协作研究.最后指出了多移动机器人通信系统未来的研究方向. 相似文献
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基于KQML语言的多自主移动机器人仿真系统 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
用JAVA语言开发了栅格环境下的多自主移动机器人仿真系统,通过KQML语言通信模拟了多个自主的移动机器人,机器人的自主性主要体现在自主感知环境和自主进行路径规划、任务执行和安全导航等工作.该仿真系统具有平台无关性、地图无关性、算法无关性以及机器人配置的无关性,为多自主机器人系统的研究提供了一个可借鉴的平台. 相似文献
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针对遥控移动机器人在通信信号中断后,无法对其进行控制的问题,设计了移动机器人自主返航控制系统,实现信号中断后移动机器人按原路径自主返航直至恢复控制信号或返回初始位置;提出了基于控制意图融合里程计和光纤陀螺仪的定位算法,对移动机器人运动学模型的结构参数进行了校正,大幅度提高了移动机器人定位精度;基于嵌入式Linux平台设计了返航控制软件系统,在信号正常的情况下,启动遥控模式,遥控机器人移动并记录路径坐标点,信号中断则开启返航模式,采用线性控制率和PID控制率实现对移动机器人路径跟踪控制;基于实际应用环境开展自主返航实验验证,实验结果表明该控制系统能够在通信信号中断后以较高的精度控制移动机器人实现自主返航;该系统能够解决移动机器人在应用中的实际问题,且代码可移植性高、通用性强。 相似文献
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顾晗 《计算机与信息技术》2009,(4)
介绍了移动机器人超声波测距系统的设计。该系统智能节点以PIC18F2580为控制器,各节点与系统控制核心以CAN为总线通信方式。经实验验证,测距范围为0.35m~3.5m,系统测距精度在0.7%以内,可以满足移动机器人室内导航的要求。 相似文献
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自主式微小型移动机器人群体面临的一些环境常常是未知的、无结构的,同时由于其
自身体积大小的限制,在目前的工业水平上也很难在其上安装一些较为先进的传感器,以致
机器人仅能获取局部的信息,这些原因使得采用传统基于任务的设计方法将十分困难,而采
用基于行为的设计方法时,也很难保证所设计的机器人行为的有效性,为此本文采用了遗传
算法,随机产生了机器人群体中各初始个体的障碍物回避行为及机器设备故障排除行为,当
群体在特定的工作环境中仿真运行时,根据环境的情况和所需实现的任务,使群体行为性能
达到了较为优化的目的. 相似文献
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A system procedure is proposed for a multi-robot rescue system that performs real-time exploration over disaster areas. Real-time exploration means that every robot exploring the area always has a communication path to human operators standing by at a base station and that the communication path is configured by ad hoc wireless networking. Real-time exploration is essential in multi-robot systems for USAR (urban search and rescue) because operators must communicate with every robot to support the victim detection process and ad hoc networking is suitable to configure a communication path among obstacles. The proposed system procedure consists of the autonomous classification of robots into search and relay types and behavior algorithms for each class of robot. Search robots explore the areas and relay robots act as relay terminals between search robots and the base station. The rule of the classification and the behavior algorithm refer to the forwarding table of each robot constructed for ad hoc networking. The table construction is based on DSDV (destination-sequenced distance vector) routing that informs each robot of its topological position in the network and other essentials. Computer simulations are executed with a specific exploration strategy of search robots. The results show that a multi-robot rescue system can perform real-time exploration with the proposed system procedure and reduce exploration time in comparison with the case where the proposed scheme is not adopted. 相似文献
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A central pattern generator (CPG) model is proposed for the gait-pattern generation mechanism of an autonomous decentralized multi-legged robot system. The topological structure of the CPG is represented as a graph on which two time evolution systems, the Hamilton system and a gradient system, are introduced. The CPG model can generate oscillation patterns depending only on the network topology and can bifurcate different oscillation patterns according to the network energy, which means that the robot can generate gait patterns by connecting legs and transit gait patterns according to such parameters as the desired speed. 相似文献
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全自主机器人足球系统的研究综述 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
综述了全自主机器人足球系统的历史和研究现状 .对机器人足球系统的协作系统体系结构、机器学习、路径规划、实时通信、视觉和多传感器融合等技术进行了较为详细的分析 ,并且对各种研究方法的优势与不足进行了比较 . 相似文献
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Haoping Wang Christian Vasseur Yang Tian Vladan Koncar Nicolaï Christov 《International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems》2011,9(6):1146-1153
In this paper friction compensation and trajectory tracking scheme is proposed for an X-Y robot using a Recursive Model Free
Controller (RMFC). This controller is based on the theory of piecewise continuous systems which are a particular class of
hybrid systems with autonomous switchings and controlled impulses. RMFC uses only the robot position measurements and does
not require knowledge of electromechanical system parameters. The proposed control scheme is validated on a real time X-Y
robot system. 相似文献
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This paper describes an autonomous free-floating robot system that was designed to investigate the behavior of free-floating robots that are involved in the capture of satellites in space. The robot is used as a test bed for algorithms that have been developed for efficient and autonomous capture of objects in space. The robot is a completely autonomous system running under a real-time operating system. It is equipped with two three-degree-of-freedom arms, a three-axis thruster system and a fast communications module. The robot works in conjunction with a host computer. The host computer is used to process the capture algorithms and the robot implements the results in real time. The entire system provides a test bed for algorithms developed for optimal capture of objects in space. 相似文献
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Evolution of homing navigation in a real mobile robot 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Floreano D. Mondada F. 《IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics》1996,26(3):396-407
In this paper we describe the evolution of a discrete-time recurrent neural network to control a real mobile robot. In all our experiments the evolutionary procedure is carried out entirely on the physical robot without human intervention. We show that the autonomous development of a set of behaviors for locating a battery charger and periodically returning to it can be achieved by lifting constraints in the design of the robot/environment interactions that were employed in a preliminary experiment. The emergent homing behavior is based on the autonomous development of an internal neural topographic map (which is not pre-designed) that allows the robot to choose the appropriate trajectory as function of location and remaining energy. 相似文献