Cl-和Zn2 阴阳离子复合掺杂α-氢氧化镍的结构与电化学性能

采用化学共沉淀法,制备出Cl-和Zn2 阴阳离子复合掺杂α-Ni(OH)2粉体.样品材料利用XRD、EDS、SEM、IR、DSC-TG和粒度测试仪进行结构形态及物理特性表征分析.同时以其为活性物质合成镍正极材料并组装MH-Ni电池,测试其充放电、循环可逆特性和交流阻抗等电化学性能.实验结果表明,在掺杂物质摩尔比为Cl-:Zn2 =1:3时,Cl-和Zn2 复合掺杂α-Ni(OH)2为层状结构,结晶水含量较高,热分解温度低.其MH-Ni电池在以80 mA/g恒流充电5 h,40 mA/g恒流放电至终止电压为1.0 V的充放电制度下,电化学极化阻抗较小,放电比容量为354.08 mAh/g,放电平台平稳、中值电压高达1.313 V,且经过多次充放电循环后,其电极活性物质仍然保持α-Ni(OH)2状态,电极过程结构稳定,循环可逆性较好,具有较高的电化学活性.     

超声波对α-Ni(OH)_2电极结构及电化学性能的影响(英文)

分别采用共沉淀法和超声波共沉淀法制备Al/Co复合掺杂α-Ni(OH)2样品A和B,用XRD和激光粒度仪表征样品的晶相结构和粒度分布。结果表明,样品B比样品A具有较多的晶格缺陷和较小的平均粒径。循环伏安特性及电化学阻抗谱测试显示,样品B比样品A具有更好的电化学性能:较好的反应可逆性、较低的电荷转移电阻和较高的循环寿命等。样品B的质子扩散系数为1.96×10-10cm2/s,约为样品A(9.78×10-11cm2/s)的2倍。充放电测试显示,样品B的放电比容量达到308mA·h/g,比样品A的放电比容量高25mA·h/g。     

超声波对α-Ni（OH）2电极结构及电化学性能的影响（英文）

分别采用共沉淀法和超声波共沉淀法制备Al/Co复合掺杂α-Ni(OH)2样品A和B,用XRD和激光粒度仪表征样品的晶相结构和粒度分布。结果表明,样品B比样品A具有较多的晶格缺陷和较小的平均粒径。循环伏安特性及电化学阻抗谱测试显示,样品B比样品A具有更好的电化学性能:较好的反应可逆性、较低的电荷转移电阻和较高的循环寿命等。样品B的质子扩散系数为1.96×10-10cm2/s,约为样品A(9.78×10-11cm2/s)的2倍。充放电测试显示,样品B的放电比容量达到308mA·h/g,比样品A的放电比容量高25mA·h/g。     

超声波沉淀法制备Y掺杂纳米多相Ni(OH)2及其性能研究

采用超声波沉淀法制备了不同摩尔比例Y掺杂氢氧化镍,对其粒度分布、结构及电化学性能进行了测试分析。XRD测试表明,样品均为α和β相混合结构的Ni(OH)2。激光粒度测试表明,样品均为纳米颗粒,且分布均匀,平均粒径在50~80 nm之间。分别将制备的样品以8%比例与工业用微米级球镍混合制成复合镍电极,电极的可逆性和充电效率均随Y掺杂比例增大先提高后下降,Y含量 1.17%时,其电极可逆性和充电效率达到最佳,放电比容量达到最大,0.1和0.5 C倍率下的比容量分别达到370和358 mAh/g,且具有较低充电电压和较高放电平台,该结果比目前市售镍氢电池比容量(230~250 mAh/g)高48%~60%。对加超声波和不加超声波制备的样品性能进行了比较     

掺杂Co(OH)_2对超级电容器正极材料Ni(OH)_2性能的影响

采用电化学共沉积法在泡沫镍基体上制备了掺杂Co(OH)2的纳米级Ni(OH)2电极。采用XRD、SEM、EDS等分析表征了电极材料的晶体结构、成分和形貌;采用恒流充放电、循环伏安及交流阻抗等方法测试了其电化学性能。结果表明,电化学共沉积法可以制备定量掺杂Co(OH)2的α-Ni(OH)2,该电极材料具有三维纳米花状结构;适当掺杂Co(OH)2的α-Ni(OH)2可以显著提高电极的比容量和循环性能,还提高了放电电位和氧气析出过电位,同时提高了其质子扩散系数和降低了扩散阻抗。     

Co掺杂对纳米Ni(OH)_2高倍率放电性能的影响

采用沉淀转化法制备掺杂Co的纳米Ni(OH)2,利用XRD和TEM分析材料的结构和微观形貌,利用循环伏安技术和恒流充放电技术研究材料的电化学性能尤其是高倍率放电性能。结果表明:掺杂Co后,纳米Ni(OH)2仍为β晶型,但其结晶度和颗粒形状均发生变化,颗粒的团聚变得明显,同时材料的晶格参数c和材料质子扩散系数D随着掺杂量的增大呈先增大再减小的趋势;当Co掺杂量为5%(质量分数)时,材料的c值最大,质子扩散系数D也最大,达到3.127×10-10cm2/s,0.2C放电比容量达到312mA·h/g,1C和5C放电比容量分别比未掺杂材料的提高7%和10%。     

Mg-Co复合掺杂对LiFePO_4电化学性能的影响(英文)

通过固相反应制备了Mg2+和Co4+复合掺杂的LiFePO4电极材料。采用X射线衍射、恒电流充放电和循环伏安研究复合掺杂对 LiFePO4结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明:复合掺杂能够提高 LiFePO4的首次放电比容量,0.1C和1C的放电容量分别达到147.2mA·h/g 和133.3mA·h/g。循环伏安测试结果表明:复合掺杂改善了LiFePO4的导电性能,增强了Li+的脱嵌可逆性。     

Mg-Co复合掺杂对LiFePO4电化学性能的影响（英文）

通过固相反应制备了Mg2+和Co4+复合掺杂的LiFePO4电极材料。采用X射线衍射、恒电流充放电和循环伏安研究复合掺杂对 LiFePO4结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明:复合掺杂能够提高 LiFePO4的首次放电比容量,0.1C和1C的放电容量分别达到147.2mA·h/g 和133.3mA·h/g。循环伏安测试结果表明:复合掺杂改善了LiFePO4的导电性能,增强了Li+的脱嵌可逆性。     

B掺杂对NiO/Ni(OH)_2电极材料电容性能的影响

通过化学镀再电化学氧化的方法在铜片表面制备出带有微米微坑和微米微球的均一NiO/Ni(OH)_2和B掺杂的NiO/Ni(OH)_2(B)2种电极材料,采用扫描电镜/能谱(SEM/EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)仪、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和电化学技术对所制备的2种电极材料进行表征和电化学性能测试。SEM、XRD和XPS的测试结果表明,所制备的2种电极材料由Ni、NiO和Ni(OH)_2组成,并且NiO/Ni(OH)_2(B)中B的掺杂量可达14.6%(质量分数)。循环伏安测量和恒电流充放电试验表明,2种电极材料均具有较高的电化学活性和可逆性;在1A/g的充放电电流密度下,NiO/Ni(OH)_2和NiO/Ni(OH)_2(B)电极材料经历10 000次充放电循环后分别给出了1380和1930 F/g的比电容,显示出较高的比电容特性和良好的电化学稳定性;电化学阻抗谱表明,NiO/Ni(OH)_2(B)电极材料较NiO/Ni(OH)_2电化学反应电阻降低了约2个数量级;Ragone曲线揭示了所制备的2种电极材料具有较高的功率密度和较低的能量密度。B的掺杂使得NiO/Ni(OH)_2(B)电极材料表面氧化物含量增大并且形成微米微球形貌,增大了电极表面积以及与电解液的接触和润湿作用,降低了电极材料表面能带带隙能,从而导致电化学反应电阻较小和电导率提高,这是其显示优异赝电容性能的主要原因。     

复合掺杂稀土Ce和Al的α-Ni(OH)_2电极材料的性能及作用机理研究

采用化学反应共沉淀法制备出稀土Ce和金属Al复合掺杂的α-Ni(OH)2粉体样品,利用XRD,EDS,TG-DTG和IR手段对样品的结构进行了表征,并用循环伏安法和多次充放电研究了样品的电化学性能并讨论了其相应作用机理.结果表明:掺杂稀土铈和铝的α-Ni(OH)2具有较大的层间距,晶格层间有较多的结晶水分子.同时掺杂10mol%的Al和5mol%的铈制备的α-Ni(OH)2样品,在强碱溶液中陈化一个月仍保持稳定的α型结构;电化学测试结果表明:电极反应具有较好的可逆性,放电比容量达到363.2 mAh·g-1.     

Effect of Mg and Co co-doping on electrochemical properties of LiFePO4

LiFePO₄ co-doped with Mg²⁺ and Co⁴⁺ ions was synthesized by a solid state reaction method. The structure and electrochemical properties of the prepared LiFe_0.99Mg_0.005Co_0.005PO₄ were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), galvanostatic charge-discharge experiment and cyclic voltammograms (CV). Specific discharge capacity of LiFePO₄ co-doped with Mg and Co ions reach 147.2 mA·h/g at 0.1C and 133.3 mA·h/g at 1C. The results of CV show that the reversibility of lithium extraction/insertion in LiFePO₄ can be promoted by (Mg²⁺, Co⁴⁺) multiple-ion doping.     

Synthesis and behavior ofAl-stabilized α-Ni（OH）2

Nano-fibrous Al-stabilized α-Ni(OH)2 was synthesized by the urea thermal decomposition method. The grain morphology, crystal structure, thermal stability, chemical composition and electrochemical performance of the Al-stabilized α-Ni(OH)2 were investigated. It is found that the urea thermal decomposition is an appropriate way to precipitate the Al-stabilized α-Ni(OH)2 with excellent performance. The fiber cluster TEM pattern shows that the synthesized α-Ni(OH)2 powder is composed of agglomerates of much smaller primary particles. The stabilized α-Ni(OH)2 powder with a 7.67 A c-axis distance and low thermal stabilities is obtained. The FTIR spectrum shows that the materials contain absorbed water molecules, and intercalated CO32- and SO42- anions. The experimental α-Ni(OH)2 electrode exhibits excellent electrochemical redox reversibility, high special capacity, good rate discharging performance and perfect cyclic stability. Moreover, the synthesized α-Ni(OH)2 electrode also shows high discharge capacity and cyclic stability at high temperature. The electrode specific capacity remains 290 mA-h/g at 60 ℃, which is only 15 mA-h/g lower than its ambient value, and the capacity loss is 0.9 mA-h/g per charge-discharge cycle.     

Synthesis of LiNi1/3CO1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode material via oxalate precursor

Using oxalic acid and stoichiometrically mixed solution of NiCl2, CoCl2, and MnCl2 as starting materials, the triple oxalate precursor of nickel, cobalt, and manganese was synthesized by liquid-phase co-precipitation method. And then the LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode materials for Li-ion battery were prepared from the precursor and LiOH-H2O by solid-state reaction. The precursor and LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 were characterized by chemical analysis, XRD, EDX, SEM and TG-DTA. The results show that the composition of precursor is Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3C2O4·2H2O. The product LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2, in which nickel, cobalt and manganese are uniformly distributed, is well crystallized with a-NaFeO2 layered structure. Sintering temperature has a remarkable influence on the electrochemical performance of obtained samples. LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 synthesized at 900 ℃ has the best electrochemical properties. At 0.1C rate, its first specific discharge capacity is 159.7 mA·h/g in the voltage range of 2.75-4.30 V and 196.9 mA·h/g in the voltage range of 2.75-4.50 V; at 2C rate, its specific discharge capacity is 121.8 mA·h/g and still 119.7 mA·h/g after 40 cycles. The capacity retention ratio is 98.27%.     

Effect of germanium on electrochemical performance of chain-like Co–P anode material for Ni/Co rechargeable batteries

Co–P (4.9% P) powders with a chain-like morphology were prepared by a novel chemical reduction method. The Co–P and germanium powders were mixed at various mass ratios to form Co–P composite electrodes. Charge and discharge test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were carried out to investigate the electrochemical performance, which can be significantly improved by the addition of germanium. For instance, when the mass ratio of Co–P powders to germanium is 5:1, the sample electrode shows a reversible discharge capacity of 350.3 mA·h/g and a high capacity retention rate of 95.9% after 50 cycles. The results of cyclic voltammmetry (CV) show the reaction mechanism of Co/Co(OH)₂ within Co–P composite electrodes and EIS indicates that this electrode shows a low charge-transfer resistance, facilitating the oxidation of Co to Co(OH)₂.     

Ni（OH）2 particles synthesized by high energy ball milling

1 Introduction Ni(OH)2/NiOOH has been used as positive materials in alkaline secondary batteries for more than 100 years[1- 3]. The performance improvement of Ni(OH)2/NiOOH electrode is crucial for the application of these batteries as they are all positi…     

非晶态纳米氢氧化镍电极材料物理特性与电化学性能

采用快速冷冻沉淀法制备出了非晶态纳米氢氧化镍。对制得材料样品进行了XRD，SEM，TEM，DSC和比表面积与孔径分析，将其制成MH-Ni电池正极材料进行充放电性能测试。结果表明：材料粉体为非品态，颗粒粒度为纳米级，类似球形。非晶纳米Ni（OH）2的热分解温度286．4℃低于常规球形Ni（OH）2的热分解温度333.8℃，同时具有较大得比表面积和孔径，分别为76．2089m^2·g^-1和37．7nm。与普通β-Ni（OH）2相比较，非晶态纳米氢氧化镍电极充电电压低，放电电压平台时间长，且高达1．258V，放电比容量为349．85mAh／g，具有较好的循环性能，20次循环后其容量衰减仅为1．28％。     

Synthesis and electrochemical performances of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode materials

LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂ was prepared from LiOH·H₂O and MCO₃ (M=Ni, Co, Mn) by co-precipitation and subsequent heating. XRD, SEM and electrochemical measurements were used to examine the structure, morphology and electrochemical characteristics, respectively. LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂ samples show excellent electrochemical performances. The optimum sintering temperature and sintering time are 850 °C and 20 h, respectively. The LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂ shows the discharge capacity of 148 mA·h/g in the range of 3.0?4.3 V at the first cycle, and the discharge capacity remains 136 mA·h/g after 30 cycles. The carbonate co-precipitation method is suitable for the preparation of LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂ cathode materials with good electrochemical performance for lithium ion batteries.     

Supercapacitor characteristic of La-doped Ni(OH)<Subscript>2</Subscript> prepared by electrode-position

Samples of lanthanum-doped nickel hydroxide were prepared by electrodeposition method. The structure and electrochemical properties of the samples were studied by X-ray diffraction and a home-made open three-electrode cell system, respectively. The results show that the deposition process of Ni(OH)₂ and La(OH)₃ is mainly controlled by electrochemical polarization, which makes it easy to form uniform fine crystals. In addition, La(OH)₃ is not a separate phase and lanthanum ions are doped into Ni(OH)₂ crystal lattices. When V(0.5 mol/L Ni(NO₃)₂)/V(0.25 mol/L La(NO₃)₃) was 9:1, the lanthanum-doped nickel hydroxide reached the highest discharge capability of 840 F/g with a good cyclic reversibility. The capability still retains 670 F/g when the discharge current reaches 1000 mA/g.     

掺铝氧化锌包覆LiFePO4的合成与性能（英文）

以简单的固相法合成了橄榄石结构LiFePO4,并以导电掺铝氧化锌材料(AZO)对其表面进行包覆。充放电结果显示,表面包覆大幅度改善了LiFePO4材料的倍率和低温性能。在20C高倍率条件下,AZO包覆LiFePO4的放电比容量可达100.9mA·h/g;在低温20°C时进行0.2C充放电,未包覆LiFePO4和AZO包覆LiFePO4的放电比容量分别为50.3mA·h/g和119.4mA·h/g。经分析,这可能是由于采用导电AZO包覆措施而增加了LiFePO4材料的电导率,从而极大地提高了其比容量。另外,导电AZO包覆措施还增加了LiFePO4材料的振实密度。这些结果表明AZO包覆LiFePO4材料是一种很好的适用于锂离子动力电池的正极材料。     

Influence of pH value and chelating reagent on performance of Li3V2(PO4)3/C cathode material

The Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/C composite cathode material was synthesized via sol-gel method using three different chelating agents (citric acid, salicylic acid and polyacrylic acid) at pH value of 3 or 7. The crystal structure, morphology, specific surface area and electrochemical performance of the prepared samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and galvanostatic charge/discharge test. The results show that the effects of pH value on the performance of the prepared materials are greatly related to the chelating agents. With salicylic acid or polyacrylic acid as the chelating reagent, the structure, morphology and electrochemical performance of the samples are greatly influenced by the pH values. However, the structure of the materials with citric acid as the chelating agent does not change as pH value changes, and the materials own uniform particle size distribution and good electrochemical performance. It delivers an initial discharge capacity of 113.58 mA·h/g at 10C, remaining as high as 108.48 mA·h/g after 900 cycles, with a capacity retention of 95.51%.