纳米TiO_2添加剂对ZL101A铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷涂层性能的影响

通过微弧氧化法,在加入纳米TiO_2添加剂的硅酸盐电解液中,在ZL101A铸造铝合金基体上制备了含有TiO_2的陶瓷涂层。采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、体视显微镜和摩擦磨损试验,研究了纳米添加剂浓度对该涂层摩擦性能的影响。结果表明,纳米添加剂进入到陶瓷涂层中,涂层表面变得更加致密。膜层硬度、厚度随添加剂浓度的增加而增加。同时,一定范围内,随纳米添加剂浓度的增加,磨损量逐渐较小,摩擦系数减小,添加剂浓度为20 g/L时制备的涂层具有最好的磨损性。     

TC4表面掺La微弧氧化涂层的显微结构与耐磨性的研究

针对TC4钛合金在服役期间耐磨性较差等问题,本文在乙酸钙-六偏磷酸钠电解液体系下运用微弧氧化工艺在TC4钛合金表面制备出掺La陶瓷涂层。重点研究了电解液中掺杂La(NO₃)₃对TC4钛合金微弧氧化涂层(MAO)耐磨性的影响。利用XRD、SEM、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机、涂层附着力划痕仪等仪器对不同La(NO₃)₃掺杂量下的微弧氧化涂层的物相组成、微观形貌、厚度、显微硬度、摩擦因数、结合力等指标进行表征。结果表明：随着La(NO₃)₃掺杂量增加,MAO涂层由HAp、A-TiO₂、R-TiO₂、La₂O₃相组成。掺La陶瓷涂层厚度虽略有减小,但致密性有所提高。涂层的显微硬度先增大后减小、摩擦因数先减小后增大。当La(NO₃)₃掺杂量为6 g/L时,涂层显微硬度提高31.18%,涂层与基体结合力提高30.59%,MAO涂层摩擦因数...     

纳米ZrO2微粒对TC4合金表面微弧氧化陶瓷膜层耐蚀及耐磨性能的影响

目的 提高TC4微弧氧化表面陶瓷涂层的耐蚀性与耐磨性,并研究ZrO2微粒对涂层性能的影响。方法 在不同配比的硅酸钠、磷酸钠、氢氧化钠混合电解液中,通过微弧氧化技术在TC4钛合金表面制备陶瓷涂层,得到最佳电解液配比。将纳米ZrO2微粒添加到电解液中,以制备复合涂层。通过SEM、XRD、电化学工作站以及往复摩擦磨损试验机,研究不同含量ZrO2对膜层的形貌、相结构、耐腐蚀及耐磨性的影响。结果 随着纳米ZrO2浓度的增加,涂层微孔数量和尺寸都减小,膜层的主要组成相为ZrO2、ZrTiO4、TiO2、Ti2O、Al2O3和SiO2。0.9% NaCl溶液中的电化学极化曲线表明,随着ZrO2浓度的增加,涂层的自腐蚀电位不断提高,但当添加剂的含量达到12 g/L时,自腐蚀电位降低。摩擦磨损实验显示,不含ZrO2陶瓷膜层的比磨损率为1.082×10-3 mm3/(N?m),当ZrO2含量为9 g/L时,其比磨损率为3.489×10-4 mm3/(N?m),是未添加颗粒的32.24%。结论 纳米ZrO2微粒的加入有效提高了陶瓷涂层的耐蚀、耐磨性,特别地,当添加量为9 g/L时,涂层的耐蚀性耐磨性最好。     

液相脉冲放电制备Cr-C涂层的性能

以铬/石墨半烧结体电极为工具电极,利用液相脉冲放电涂层（EDC）技术,在普通中碳钢表面制备出以Cr₇C₃为主相的耐磨涂层。对涂层的硬度、结合力、摩擦性能进行了检测与分析,并考察了峰值电流、脉冲宽度对涂层性能的影响。结果表明,涂层与基体呈冶金结合,结合力达83.5 N。涂层厚度随峰值电流及脉冲宽度的增加而增加。当峰值电流小于10 A时,涂层硬度逐渐增加,而当脉冲宽度大于8 μs时,涂层硬度逐渐减小。硬度从涂层表面至基体呈逐渐减小的梯度分布,涂层表面硬度最高达1820 HV0.2。与H13热作模具钢相比,在相同的载荷下,涂层的摩擦因数较小,仅为0.12左右,展现出良好的减摩耐磨特性。     

多弧离子镀制备TiN/TiBN纳米复合涂层的结构和性能

为了满足复合材料高速切削加工的需要,用金属Ti靶和纯TiB2靶作为靶材料,在N2气氛下用多弧离子镀方法制备了TiN/TiBN纳米复合涂层。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)分析涂层的组织结构、成分和表面形貌;利用显微硬度计、划痕仪和球盘摩擦仪分析调制周期对涂层力学性能的影响。结果表明:TiN/TiBN纳米复合涂层的调制周期范围为5.5~21nm,主要成分为晶相TiN、非晶BN和TiB2;调制周期对涂层的力学性能有较大的影响,随着调制周期的减小,硬度增加,调制周期最小时最大硬度达到29GPa;最大膜基结合力为88N,且所有样品均表现出较高的膜基结合力。随着转速的增大,摩擦因数与表面粗糙度两者表现出相同的变化趋势,摩擦因数最大值为0.31,其低摩擦因数与自润滑的BN相的存在有关。调制周期减少,界面积增加,TiN/TiBN纳米复合涂层的力学性能增强。     

溅射技术对TiN涂层结构和力学性能的影响

目的 沉积条件对Ti N涂层的组织结构和力学性能有着至关重要的影响,而溅射技术又决定了涂层的沉积条件,探究不同溅射技术对Ti N涂层的微观组织结构和性能的影响,提高Ti N涂层的力学性能和高温摩擦磨损性能。方法 采用不同的溅射技术(dcMS、Hi PMS、Hybrid)在M2高速钢表面沉积Ti N涂层,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、sin²ψ法、纳米压痕仪、洛氏压痕法、划痕法和CSM球盘式摩擦试验机分别测试了Ti N涂层的组织结构特征、沉积速率、残余应力、纳米硬度、膜基结合力和高温摩擦磨损性能。结果 不同溅射技术制备的Ti N涂层均为柱状晶结构和Ti N (111)择优取向。HiPIMS-TiN涂层具有最高的纳米硬度(29.7GPa)和最低的膜基结合力(HF2),而Hybrid-TiN涂层呈现出最小的残余应力、高沉积速率和高膜基结合力,其膜基结合力达到HF1级,临界载荷(Lc2)达到82.5 N。不同溅射技术制备的Ti N涂层的摩擦因数均随着温度的升高而降低,在500℃时,Ti N涂层的摩擦因数约为0.53。Ti N涂层的磨损率随着温度的升...     

添加氧化镧的纳米Al2O3-13%TiO2等离子喷涂涂层高速摩擦磨损性能

以添加了少量氧化镧的团聚纳米Al2O3-13%TiO2粉末为原料,利用等离子喷涂技术制备了纳米陶瓷涂层。在MMS-1G型高速摩擦磨损试验机进行了摩擦磨损试验,利用扫描电镜和能谱仪对磨损表面进行了表征。结果表明:涂层组织呈现出典型的层状结构特征,界面结合良好。在高速摩擦磨损试验中,随着载荷的增加,涂层摩擦因数下降,而涂层微裂纹扩展引起涂层剥落,导致磨损率升高。     

TiN/Ag涂层在真空环境下的摩擦学行为

目的 银具有低的剪切强度,可以降低涂层的摩擦磨损,在TiN硬质涂层中引入软金属Ag,以期拓展其在摩擦学领域的应用范围.方法 采用多弧离子镀沉积技术,在SUS304不锈钢基底上成功制备了TiN/Ag复合涂层.利用扫描电子显微镜、纳米压痕仪、RST3划痕仪,分析了TiN/Ag涂层的微观结构和机械性能.利用CSM(大气)和HVTRB(真空)摩擦磨损试验机评估了TiN/Ag涂层的摩擦学性能.结果 TiN/Ag涂层结构致密,厚度为1.2μm,硬度约为28.4 GPa.摩擦学测试表明,真空环境下的摩擦因数远低于大气环境下的摩擦因数,大气环境下的磨损机理主要为粘着磨损与磨粒磨损,而真空环境下主要表现为机械抛光及摩擦转移膜.真空环境下TiN/Ag涂层不同载荷下的摩擦试验表明,1 N载荷条件下,摩擦因数值低至0.07,且涂层发生轻微磨损;3 N载荷条件下,机械能和热应力使得摩擦界面中的Ag发生扩散,摩擦因数迅速增加到0.42左右;5 N载荷条件下,摩擦因数呈现较明显的波动,随着滑动次数的增加,摩擦因数最高达到1.0,涂层表面发生软化形成犁沟效应,而导致涂层失效.结论 TiN/Ag涂层中Ag掺杂可显著降低涂层的内应力,抑制摩擦过程中涂层微裂纹的扩展,适当载荷下能够有效地改善TiN硬质涂层真空下的摩擦学性能.     

Na_2SiO_3浓度对6063铝合金微弧氧化层组织与性能的影响

采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机等手段研究了不同电解液浓度对6063铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷涂层的相组成、微观结构、显微硬度、耐磨性能等的影响。结果表明:电解液浓度对涂层的性能有着较大的影响。电流密度和处理时间一定的条件下,当Na2SiO3的浓度小于9 g/L时,随着电解液浓度的增大,成膜速率有所提高,涂层中α-Al2O3与γ-Al2O3相的衍射峰明显增强,涂层与基体的结合力增大,且涂层的硬度和耐磨性也有很大的提高;但是当Na2SiO3的浓度大于9g/L时,涂层的硬度等性能基本不再变化,甚至有所下降。     

TC4合金表面纳米晶涂层的摩擦学性能研究

通过双阴极等离子技术在TC4合金表面制备了不同铬含量的纳米晶体涂层,并研究了纳米晶涂层的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明,机械用材料表面纳米晶涂层与基体结合的紧密程度与涂层组织的均匀性和致密性密切相关。纳米涂层的弹性模量以及涂层的硬度随着纳米晶涂层中铬含量的增加而增加,而磨损率和摩擦因数均降低。     

Effect of TiO2 nanoparticles on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of MAO coatings on magnesium alloy

The microstructure and corrosion behavior of the micro‐arc oxidation (MAO) coatings modified by TiO₂ on AZ91 magnesium alloys were investigated by SEM, EDS, XRD, electrochemical analysis and drop test, respectively. The modified MAO coatings were consisted of not only MgAl₂O₄ and MgO, which usually could be found in MAO coatings on the AZ91 alloys, but also a small quantity of Ti. With increasing the contents of TiO₂ nanoparticles from 0 to 4.8 g/L in the electrolyte, the coatings thickness increased from 19 to 24 µm, and the color of the MAO coating changed from light gray to dark. The addition of TiO₂ could effectively decrease the number of the pores and improve the density of the coatings. The corrosion potential of the modified coatings positively shifted about 180 mV and the corrosion current density declined and the drop time increased. The mechanism of the corrosion resistances of the modified coatings lay in the fact that TiO₂ nanoparticles could increase the thickness and the density of the coatings on the AZ91 magnesium alloys.     

Effects of TiO2 particles size and heat treatment on friction coefficient and corrosion performance of electroless Ni-P/TiO2 composite coatings

The effects of the titanium dioxide (TiO₂) particles size on the friction coefficient and corrosion performance of the Ni-P/TiO₂ composite coatings before and after heat treatment at 400°C for 1h have been investigated. Pin-on-disc analysis results have revealed that the highest and the lowest friction coefficients belonged, respectively, to the simple Ni-P coating and the Ni-P/TiO₂ composite coating containing TiO₂ particles of the average size of 0.1 μm (μ ～ 0.62 against 0.52). Eventually, a relative reduction in the corrosion resistance and the friction coefficient (as low as μ ～ 0.38) have been observed after heat treatment of Ni-P and Ni-P/TiO₂ composite coatings.     

The influence of sodium tungstate concentration and anodizing conditions on microarc oxidation (MAO) coatings for aluminum alloy

Microarc oxidation (MAO) coatings on 5052 aluminum alloy are prepared in silicate–hypophosphite electrolytes with sodium tungstate. The effects of sodium tungstate concentrations and current density on the surface morphology, phase composition and properties of the coatings are investigated. With the addition of sodium tungstate in the electrolyte and increase of current density, the final voltage at the microarc discharge process increases. The results also show that the MAO coatings are composed mainly of α-Al₂O₃ and γ-Al₂O₃ and the proportion of α-Al₂O₃ and γ-Al₂O₃, pore size, surface roughness as well as thickness of the coatings strongly depend on the sodium tungstate concentration and current density. Thus, the hardness, friction coefficient and corrosion resistance of the coatings are significantly influenced by the magnitude of the current density and sodium tungstate concentration. These oxide films on aluminum were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thickness gage, and polarization curves, respectively.     

The Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Microarc Oxidation Composite Coatings Containing Nano-Hexagonal Boron Nitride (HBN) Particles

The composite coatings containing HBN were prepared on 2024 aluminum alloy by microarc oxidation in the electrolyte with nano-HBN particles. The microstructure, surface roughness, phase composition, hardness, adhesion strength and wear resistance of composite coatings were analyzed by SEM, EDS, laser confocal microscope, XRD, Vickers hardness tester, scratch test and ball-on-disc abrasive tests. The results revealed that composite coatings were mainly composed of γ-Al₂O₃, α-Al₂O₃, mullite and HBN. With increasing the content of HBN particles in the electrolyte, the size and number of the pores on the surface of composite coatings decreased significantly. Compared to the MAO coatings without HBN, the composite coatings exhibited better wear resistance, as demonstrated by the lower friction coefficient and the lower wear rate.     

添加CeO_2对MoS_2基复合涂层摩擦学性能的影响

针对MoS_2基复合涂层耐磨性差和承载能力低的问题,以不同含量(质量分数)的CeO_2作为添加剂,采用喷涂法在GCr15钢表面制备MoS_2基复合涂层。利用摩擦磨损试验机和划痕仪分别研究涂层摩擦磨损性能和结合强度,并借助金相显微镜对涂层磨损形貌进行表征。结果表明:添加适量CeO_2可以改善涂层的摩擦磨损性能,其最佳含量为2%,此时摩擦因数和磨损量均最小,分别为0.232和0.011 3 mm~3;同时结合强度从22 N提高到28.29 N。涂层磨损量随载荷的增大而增大;而载荷小于8 N时,涂层的摩擦因数随载荷的增大而减小,当载荷大于8 N时,摩擦因数又有回升趋势。添加稀土后涂层的承载能力有明显提高。未添加稀土时,涂层产生严重剥离,并发生磨粒磨损;添加2%CeO_2后,涂层发生轻微磨粒磨损,耐磨性得到显著提高。     

Induced antibacterial capability of TiO2 coatings in visible light via nitrogen ion implantation

In order to enhance the antibacterial ability of titanium components, an antibacterial coating was fabricated on Ti surface by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) and further nitrogen plasma immersion ion implantation (N-PIII). The XPS spectra demonstrated that nitrogen was incorporated into TiO₂ coatings by N-PIII and the nitrogen content on the surface of TiO₂ coatings increased as the N-PIII time increased. Nitrogen-incorporated samples exhibited remarkably increased absorbance in the visible region and the light absorption edge of nitrogen-incorporated samples showed a redshift compared to MAO samples. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were seeded on the samples to assess their antibacterial ability. The bacterial experiment demonstrated that nitrogen-incorporated TiO₂ could effectively reduce the bacterial viability in visible light. Thus, the antibacterial TiO₂ coatings fabricated by MAO and further N-PIII might have large potential in the medical and marine fields.     

Dry sliding wear behavior of PVD TiN,Ti55Al45N,and Ti35Al65N coatings at temperatures up to 600 °C

Three PVD nitride coatings (TiN, Ti₅₅Al₄₅N, and Ti₃₅Al₆₅N) with different Al content were deposited on the cemented carbides by cathode arc-evaporation technique. Microstructural and fundamental properties of these nitride coatings were examined. The friction and wear behavior of these coatings were evaluated at temperatures up to 600 °C. The wear surface features of the test samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that the friction coefficient of these nitride coatings is different depending on the temperature. The friction coefficient of TiN coating increased with the increase of test temperature; while the friction coefficient of Ti₅₅Al₄₅N and Ti₃₅Al₆₅N coatings with the addition of Al decreased with the increase of test temperature. The Ti₅₅Al₄₅N and Ti₃₅Al₆₅N coatings exhibited higher wear resistance over the one without Al (TiN coating). The wear resistance of these nitride coatings at high temperature wear tests is significantly dependent on their tribological oxidation behavior. The Ti₅₅Al₄₅N and Ti₃₅Al₆₅N coatings with the addition of Al exhibited improved wear resistance as compared to the TiN coating, which was attributed to that their tribo-chemically formed Al₂O₃ exhibited better tribological properties than the TiO₂ of the latter.     

纯钛表面载骨碎补提取物涂层的制备与性能

为了提高纯Ti的生物活性和抗感染性,采用微弧氧化(UMAO)制备多孔涂层,并以植酸(PA)偶联骨碎补提取物(ERD),并分析涂层结构、形貌及性能。结果表明,随着ERD浓度的提高,纳米颗粒增多,有PO43-,P2O74-和O=P-O-生成;载药12.5g/L的膜层摩擦磨损系数低,膜层结合力较高,为亲水涂层,膜层的电位提高了0.32V,自腐蚀电流降低一个数量级,模拟体液浸泡有羟基磷灰石(HA)生成。纯钛表面通过超声微弧氧化,植酸偶联载药的耐蚀性,结合力,生物活性均有提高。     

Microstructure and bioactivity of Ca, P and Sr doped TiO2 coating formed on porous titanium by micro-arc oxidation

In the present study, bioactive coatings enriched with micro-pores and Ca-P-Sr elements were formed on pore walls of porous titanium by micro-arc oxidation (MAO). It is found that pore size plays a significant role on the MAO treatment of porous titanium. For samples with pore size smaller than 90 μm, whatever applied voltage and treatment time were employed, MAO coatings were formed only in the near surface region. As to the sample with average pore size of 150 μm, MAO coatings were formed on both outer and inner pore walls throughout the depth. Compared with the untreated one, the specific surface area dramatically increased about 460 times. Further studies found that pore size, thickness and amounts of O, Ca, P and Sr elements of the coating on the outer pore walls were obviously higher than those on the inner pore walls. Additionally, the coating on the outer pore walls was composed of anatase and rutile TiO₂ and other complex Ca-P-Sr phases, in comparison with anatase TiO₂ formed on the inner pore walls. In spite of the distinct features of coatings on the different locations of pore walls, MAO-treated porous titanium overall showed a good apatite-inducing ability.     

Effect of heat treatment on the structure and in vitro bioactivity of microarc-oxidized (MAO) titania coatings containing Ca and P ions

Microarc oxidized (MAO) coating containing TiO₂ and amorphous calcium phosphate was formed on Ti6Al4V in an electrolyte containing EDTA-Ca and phosphate. Subsequent heat treatment has significant effects on the structure and in vitro bioactivity of the MAO coating. After heat treatment (400-800 °C), the crystallinity of TiO₂ increases, and micropore numbers of the MAO coating decline. Moreover, Ca₃(PO₄)₂ is formed on the surfaces of the MAO coatings after heat treatment at 700 and 800 °C. The SEM and ICP-OES results indicate that the abilities of apatite-forming and Ca and P releasing of the MAO coating decrease after heat treatment. The apatite-forming ability of the MAO coating is associated with the crystallinities of titanium oxide and calcium phosphate. The MAO coating containing TiO₂ with a low crystallinity and amorphous calcium phosphate facilitates the apatite formation in vitro. In addition, the induced biomimetic apatite by the MAO coating without heat treatment exhibits carbonated structure, controllable crystallinity and pore networks on the nanometer scale.