引力搜索算法在青霉素发酵模型参数估计中的应用

针对生物发酵过程难以精确估计模型参数的问题,提出一种利用引力搜索算法(GSA)对青霉素发酵非构造式动力学模型参数进行估计的方法。在分析发酵过程反应机理的基础上,选取合适的青霉素发酵非构造式动力学模型的状态方程式;然后利用GSA良好的全局搜索能力,对状态方程式的参数进行估计,从而得到精确的发酵模型。仿真结果表明：GSA实现了对青霉素发酵过程模型参数的准确估计,所得到的模型精度能够满足青霉素发酵过程的状态估计和控制需求。因此,GSA可有效地应用于模型参数估计。     

基于多神经网络的发酵过程菌丝浓度估计

某些发酵过程的参数,如菌丝浓度等难于在线测量,采用软测量的方法来进行估计是一种行之有效的方法。由于发酵过程的复杂性,传统的软测量方法难以获得准确的结果。该文采用多神经网络模型方法,充分利用尽可能得到的可在线测量信息,可有效地提高模型的估计精度和鲁棒性。该文采用的方法较传统的神经网络模型能更好地融合对被估计参数有用的冗余信息,从而达到更好的建模效果。应用实际数据的估计结果表明该软测量方法的优越性。     

生物发酵过程中SSVIP-NNI软测量方法

生物发酵过程中关键生化变量难以直接检测,提出了一种利用基于敏感性与特异性的变量投影重要性(SSVIP)方法优化神经网络逆系统(NNI)的软测量方法。根据逆系统理论建立软测量模型,采用VIP变量优选方法,对软测量模型中的辅助变量进行优化。为了进一步提高VIP方法优选变量的性能,利用模型敏感性与特异性的概念,重新定义了VIP筛选阈值,确定最优的发酵过程软测量模型的变量。构造神经网络近似最优逆系统软测量模型,实现对发酵过程中关键过程变量的估计。通过Pensim仿真平台进行实验研究,结果表明经过辅助变量优选的神经网络逆系统软测量模型具有更高的估计精度和泛化能力。     

广义卡尔曼滤波算法在真菌发酵过程状态估计中的应用

真菌深层培养过程是一个相当复杂的生物化学过程，为了过程进行优化，需建立动力学模型对发酵过程进行模拟，而在发酵过程中存在着诸如菌类变异，设备与环境变化等不确定因素所形成的随机噪声，这类噪声是确定性模型无法预估的，为了提高数学模型的模拟精度，本文采用广义卡尔曼滤波技术进行递推滤波估计，计算结果表明，利用这种滤波处理可以改善状态变量的估计精度。     

补料分批发酵过程优化控制

针对非线性、时变的发酵过程，建立了神经网络模型进行菌体浓度、基质糖浓度和产物浓度的在线估计。采用神经网络非线性预测控制方法，结合遗传算法寻优技术确定发酵过程的优化轨线，通过在线调整实现对优化轨线的跟踪控制。     

模型参数失配有界下的扩展集员估计方法

在非线性模型参数失配下,直接采用滤波算法很难获到理想的估计状态.本文基于扩展集员估计方法,在状态估计中引入参数的不确定信息,提出一种参数失配有界下的状态估计方法.该方法应用区间或集合运算的法则,计算由参数失配引起的偏差范围,并将其用椭球集外包.在状态估计的预测步,通过该偏差椭球集与先验椭球区间的并运算,得到预测椭球区间;在状态估计的更新步,利用观测椭球集对预测椭球区间进行更新,从而得到后验椭球集合以及状态估计值.最后,在数值仿真和发酵模型中的仿真应用验证了算法的有效性.     

基于阶段辨识的诺西肽发酵过程菌体浓度软测量

由于发酵过程中系统非线性特性与发酵阶段密切相关的实际特点,针对诺西肽发酵过程菌体浓度的估计问题,提出了一种基于阶段辨识的软测量方法.首先以分阶段的诺西肽发酵过程非结构模型为基础.根据隐函数存在定理进行辅助变量的合理选择;然后利用经数学推导得到的指示变量"伪比生长率"完成发酵阶段的在线辨识,并采用神经网络构建出对应于各阶段的局部软测量模型.实际应用结果表明,所提方法有效、预估精度较高.     

基于多阶段MPLS法的发酵过程质量预测

由于发酵过程中,系统的非线性特性与发酵阶段密切相关,而应用常规MPLS时的静态单一模型、模型失配、不能充分有效压缩和抽取非线性信息、估计未来测量变量引入模型误差等问题,提出1种多阶段MPLS法.先采用ISODATA动态分类算法聚类分析过程数据,划分子阶段,针对各批次子阶段不等长的特点,再用DTW算法同步阶段轨迹,然后在...     

基于Matlab的发酵过程平台软件设计

设计了一套优化软件，将先进的智能控制理论运用到发酵过程控制领域中。针对非线性、时变的发酵过程利用神经网络非线性预测控制方法，建立了发酵过程神经网络模型进行菌体浓度、基质糖浓度、产物浓度的在线估计。由于缺乏发酵过程精确的数学模型，采用神经网络非线性预测控制方法结合遗传算法寻优技术确定发酵过程控制参数的最佳值，使整个发酵过程始终处于最优化状态，优化结果可提供给工艺工程师加以修正，再应用于生产，从而提高生产率。     

基于SimBiology洋葱伯克霍尔德菌CF-66发酵过程的模拟

过度使用化学农药所引起的一系列环境问题,使人们对安全的生物农药的需求不断增长。本实验室从堆肥中筛选出一株对若干植物病原霉菌和病原真菌具有强烈抑制作用、并显示广谱抗菌活性的洋葱伯克霍尔德菌CF-66,发酵液通过分离纯化后得到一种新型抗菌物质,有望作为新型生物农药来开发利用。为了检测洋葱伯克霍尔德菌CF-66的发酵能力,预测其发酵过程中菌体、底物及代谢产物的浓度变化,通过在3.7L发酵罐内对洋葱伯克霍尔德菌CF-66进行分批培养,在MATLAB的SimBiology图形用户界面下,建立了基于分批培养实验的发酵动力学模型,通过改进的Monod和Gaden方程,对发酵参数进行了估计,实现了对发酵过程的模拟。结果表明:模型预测与实测值拟合良好,参数估计值μ_(max)、Y_(x/s)及β分别为(0.3220±0.0075)h~(-1),(0.0278±0.0072)和(0.1244±0.0025)h~(-1)。用SimBiology建立分批培养可视化动力学模型,方法简单,并可用于各种生物途径。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。