认知无线电网络的MAC协议机制

针对认知无线电网络可用信道资源随时间和空间环境变化的特点,分析了认知无线电网络MAC协议面临的问题,提出了一种基于全局控制信道的MAC协议方案,在此基础上阐述了两种接入方式及相应适用场合,实现了认知无线电节点对可用信道资源变化的感知,可为认知无线电MAC协议研究及应用提供参考.     

面向实时业务的认知无线网络 MAC 层频谱接入方案

摘 要：为满足认知无线网络中宽带业务实时传输的需求,提出低延迟的MAC层频谱接入方案,包括频谱感知调度与信道接入竞争两部分。在频谱感知阶段,认知用户选取最佳可用信道数实现感知与传输的延迟最小化;在信道接入竞争阶段,协议考虑频谱资源动态变化的特点,通过设计数据帧格式以及邻居节点协同侦听机制,减小信道冲突与“聋终端”的影响。理论与实验结果表明,与传统的认知无线网络MAC层协议相比,提出的接入方案数据传输延迟更短,同时在授权信道空闲率较大时吞吐量性能略优。     

无线Mesh网络多信道MAC协议

分析了WMN多信道MAC协议设计所面临的问题;介绍了几种现有典型的多信道MAC协议,并对其进行了分析;对多信道MAC协议未来的发展作了简要的总结。期望文章使读者对WMN多信道MAC协议的关键技术,特别是协议的设计有一个概括性的了解。     

选用最优数据信道的认知无线电MAC协议

如何选择数据信道进行数据的传输是认知无线电网络MAC协议的重要环节,许多现有的MAC机制在选用数据信道没有考虑信道的可用概率,而可用概率对网络性能有着重要的影响。提出了一种最优信道传输的认知无线电MAC协议。次用户在频谱感知后,选用质量最优数据信道对数据进行传输,评价信道质量的标准中考虑了信道的可用概率。最后,使用ns...     

基于动态控制信道的认知无线电网络MAC协议

在认知无线电网络中,MAC协议主要用于信道资源的感知、选择以及接入控制从而保证公平性和有效的资源共享。针对认知无线电网络基于控制信道的研究现状,文中在认知无线电网络分布式多信道MAC(CR-MMAC)协议的基础上,引入同步机制,不等待传输机制和不重申机制,提出一种基于动态公共控制信道的认知无线电网络MAC(CR-DCMAC)协议。它能够减少信道资源开支,降低控制信道上的控制分组量。仿真结果表明,CR-DCMAC协议能提高系统总吞吐量和空闲频谱资源的利用率,综合性能优于CR-MMAC协议。     

传感器网络多信道通信技术的研究

伴随信息化网络时代的来临,无线传感器网络作为一种新兴技术近年来得到了社会各界广泛的关注与应用。无线传感器网络实现的多信道通信技术具有实时监测、感知并将信息传输到相应的管理平台中的功能。本文主要分析了无线传感器网络的结构,无线传感器网络的通信协议与MAC协议,并从多信道频谱感知、多信道MAC协议和多信道广播对无线传感器网络的通行技术进行了深入研究。     

认知无线网络中非授权用户的随机移动性探讨

认知无线网络采用频谱感知技术和频谱共享技术,在不影响授权用户正常使用信道的前提下使非授权用户机会式地接入空闲频谱,以此提高频谱利用率。文章分析了现有认知无线网络MAC协议分析模型的特点及存在的问题,阐述了非授权用户的随机移动性的重要性,并提出了在认知无线网络MAC协议性能分析模型中如何体现非授权用户随机移动性的具体方法。     

基于UWB的Ad hoc无线网络

介绍了采用超宽带(UWB)技术的Ad hoc无线网络,重点阐述了网络的两个关键技术MAC协议和路由算法协议.     

基于UWB的Ad hoc无线网缝

介绍了采用超宽带（UWB）技术的Ad hoc无线网络,重点阐述了网络的两个关键技术MAC协议和路由算法协议。     

Adhoc多信道技术及安全性分析

无线网络中多信道技术是解决无线相干性,提高网络容量的有效技术。以单接口多信道为分析对象,对多信道协议进行分类并分析各类的优缺点。根据不同分类的多信道技术分析其存在的安全性问题,进一步提出针对多信道MAC协议特有的攻击行为,通过实验显示该攻击可以对多信道网络性能带来明显的负面效果。     

无线MESH网络中的多信道MAC协议概述

分析了无线mesh网络多信道应用的必要性;介绍了多信道应用的现状,列出了几种典型的多信道协议;对各种多信道协议进行了分析,总结了其优缺点;提出对多信道未来改进方向的看法.     

A Detailed Review of Multi-Channel Medium Access Control Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

Most applications of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) assume the presence of single-channel Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols. In the usual dense deployment of the sensor networks, single-channel MAC protocols may be deficient because of radio collisions and limited bandwidth. Hence, using multiple channels can significantly improve the performance of WSN. Recent developments in sensor technology, as seen in Crossbow’s MICAz Mote, Rockwell’s WINS nodes and IEEE 802.15.4 Zigbee, have enabled support for multi-channel communications. Several multi-channel MAC protocols with different objectives have been proposed for WSNs in literature. This paper surveys and classifies the state-of-the-art multi-channel MAC protocols that are proposed for WSNs. It first outlines the sensor network properties that are crucial for designing a MAC protocol. It subsequently reviews the existent challenges to design a good multi-channel MAC protocol for the sensor networks. Then, several multi-channel MAC protocols specifically proposed for the WSNs are inspected in detail and compared with each other. Finally, some open issues in this area are outlined for future research.     

Cross-Layer Based Opportunistic MAC Protocols for QoS Provisionings Over Cognitive Radio Wireless Networks

We propose the cross-layer based opportunistic multi-channel medium access control (MAC) protocols, which integrate the spectrum sensing at physical (PHY) layer with the packet scheduling at MAC layer, for the wireless ad hoc networks. Specifically, the MAC protocols enable the secondary users to identify and utilize the leftover frequency spectrum in a way that constrains the level of interference to the primary users. In our proposed protocols, each secondary user is equipped with two transceivers. One transceiver is tuned to the dedicated control channel, while the other is designed specifically as a cognitive radio that can periodically sense and dynamically use the identified un-used channels. To obtain the channel state accurately, we propose two collaborative channel spectrum-sensing policies, namely, the random sensing policy and the negotiation-based sensing policy, to help the MAC protocols detect the availability of leftover channels. Under the random sensing policy, each secondary user just randomly selects one of the channels for sensing. On the other hand, under the negotiation-based sensing policy, different secondary users attempt to select the distinct channels to sense by overhearing the control packets over the control channel. We develop the Markov chain model and the M/G^Y/1-based queueing model to characterize the performance of our proposed multi-channel MAC protocols under the two types of channel-sensing policies for the saturation network and the non-saturation network scenarios, respectively. In the non-saturation network case, we quantitatively identify the tradeoff between the aggregate traffic throughput and the packet transmission delay, which can provide the insightful guidelines to improve the delay-QoS provisionings over cognitive radio wireless networks.     

A hybrid multi-channel MAC protocol for wireless ad hoc networks

In a regular wireless ad hoc network, the Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol coordinates channel access among nodes, and the throughput of the network is limited by the bandwidth of a single channel. The multi-channel MAC protocols can exploit multiple channels to achieve high network throughput by enabling more concurrent transmissions. In this paper, we propose a hybrid and adaptive protocol, called H-MMAC, which utilizes multi-channel resources more efficiently than other multi-channel MAC protocols. The main idea is to adopt the IEEE 802.11 Power Saving Mechanism and to allow nodes to transmit data packets while other nodes try to negotiate the data channel during the Ad hoc Traffic Indication Message window based on the network traffic load. The analytical and simulation results show that the proposed H-MMAC protocol improves the network performance significantly in terms of the aggregate throughput, average delay, fairness and energy efficiency.     

无线Ad Hoc网络中基于业务感知的多信道MAC协议(英文)

Existing multi-channel Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols have been demonstrated to significantly increase wireless network performance compared to single channel MAC protocols. Traditionally, the channelization structure in IEEE 802.11 based wireless networks is pre-configured, and the entire available spectrum is divided into subchannels and equal channel widths. In contrast, this paper presents a Traffic-Aware Channelization MAC (TAC-MAC) protocol for wireless ad hoc networks, where each node is equipped with a single half duplex transceiver. TAC-MAC works in a distributed, fine-grai-ned manner, which dynamically divides variable-width subchannels and allocates subchannel width based on the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technique according to the traffic demands of nodes. Simulations show that the TAC-MAC can significantly improve network throughput and reduce packet delay compared with both fixed-width multi-channel MAC and single channel 802.11 protocols, which illustrates a new paradigm for high-efficient multi-channel MAC design in wireless ad hoc networks.     

基于网络分割的无线传感器网络多信道MAC协议

无线传感器网络中,可用正交信道数目较少和噪声干扰问题制约着多信道MAC协议性能的提升,结合数据采集应用的特点,提出一种基于网络分割的多信道MAC协议。在最小化网络总干扰值的基础上,网络分割引入碰撞因子进一步优化子树结构、降低树内干扰。并利用基于图着色理论的分配策略为每棵子树分配一条高质量信道。仿真实验结果表明,该协议显著提高了网络吞吐量,并且大幅降低了传输延迟和分组丢失率。     

Multi-channel support for DMAC in WSNs

Currently most wireless sensor network applications assume the presence of single-channel medium access control (MAC) protocols. However, lower sensing range result in dense networks, single-channel MAC protocols may be inadequate due to higher demand for the limited bandwidth. In this paper we proposed a method of multi-channel support for DMAC in Wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The channel assignment method is based on local information of nodes. Our multi-channel DMAC protocol implement channel distribution before message collecting from source nodes to sink node and made broadcasting possible in DMAC. Analysis and simulation result displays this multi-channel protocol obviously decreases the latency without increasing energy consumption.     

车载自组织网络的体系结构和通信协议研究

在对车载自组织网络的特点和研究现状分析的基础上,文章给出了车载自组织网络（VANET）中多维多层的理论模型和网络体系结构,讨论了物理层技术及其相关标准以及MAC层、网络层协议设计的重点和难点,阐述了广播协议的设计思路。     

Energy efficient multi-channel media access control for dense wireless ad hoc and sensor networks

Traditional single-channel MAC protocols for wireless ad hoc and sensor networks favor energy-efficiency over throughput. More recent multi-channel MAC protocols display higher throughput but less energy efficiency. In this article we propose NAMAC, a negotiator-based multi-channel MAC protocol in which specially designated nodes called negotiators maintain the sleeping and communication schedules of nodes within their communication ranges in static wireless ad hoc and sensor networks. Negotiators facilitate the assignation of channels and coordination of communications windows, thus allowing individual nodes to sleep and save energy. We formally define the problem of finding the optimal set of negotiators (i.e., minimizing the number of selected negotiators while maximizing the coverage of the negotiators) and prove that the problem is NP-Complete. Accordingly, we propose a greedy negotiator-election algorithm as part of NAMAC. In addition, we prove the correctness of NAMAC through a rigorous model checking and analyze various characteristics of NAMAC—the throughput of NAMAC, impact of negotiators on network capacity, and storage and computational overhead. Simulation results show that NAMAC, at high network loads, consumes 36 % less energy while providing 25 % more throughput than comparable state-of-art multi-channel MAC protocols for ad hoc networks. Additionally, we propose a lightweight version of NAMAC and show that it outperforms (55 % higher throughput with 36 % less energy) state-of-art MAC protocols for wireless sensor networks.