葡萄牙红酒的中国经——对话葡萄牙葡萄酒与食品亚洲推广协会主席周一卜、营销总监高明

近目，一家葡萄牙葡萄酒专卖店在四川成都揭牌，标志着在华东一些城市已经初步建立根据地的葡萄牙葡萄酒正式征战西南市场。在这次揭牌会上，记者就葡萄牙葡萄酒在中国市场的推广等问题，专访了葡萄牙葡萄酒与食品亚洲推广协会主席周一卜和营销总监高明。周一卜先生在葡萄牙定居多年，一直致力于葡萄酒与食品的推广工作；而高明先生在葡萄酒业工作30多年，不仅仅是葡萄牙葡萄酒与食品亚洲推广协会的营销总监，同时担任上海大葡大美有限公司副总经理。     

葡萄牙葡萄酒欲醉中国——2002葡萄牙名酒推介会在京举办

6月17日，北京葡萄牙投资和贸易办公室联合葡萄牙著名的7家葡萄酒商共同举办2002北京葡萄牙名酒推介会，在葡萄牙驻华大使馆隆重举行，来自葡萄牙的7大葡萄酒商和北京的葡萄酒经销商代表汇聚一堂，品味来自葡萄牙的葡萄美酒，并围绕着葡萄牙葡萄酒酿造工艺、品牌风格，以及在国内的市场推广等方面进行了充分的交流和探讨。葡萄酒如今已成为许多中国百姓餐桌上的必备品，其中产自欧洲的葡萄美酒更是声名鹊起，继法国、德国、意大利等国之后，欧洲的另一葡萄酒重要产区——葡萄牙的美酒又将来到中国。葡萄酒的酿造有“三分工艺，七分原料”之…     

中国需建立从消费者出发的酒评体系

随着中国葡萄酒市场的扩大,中国市场对国际葡萄酒市场的影响力也日益上升,越来越多的国际酒评家开始试图影响中国消费者的购买行为。近期,美国著名酒评大师罗伯特·帕克开始品评一些中国葡萄酒并公布分数。英国酒评家斯蒂文·斯普瑞尔也开始在中国上海举办葡萄酒比赛。国际酒评家想进入中国市场,因为这个市场还刚起步,在酒评体系有很大的发展空间。     

2014年葡萄牙葡萄酒专场品鉴会尽享非凡

烟花三月，大地回春，中国食品土畜进出口商会酒类进出口商分会携手葡萄牙葡萄酒协会（ViniPortugal）于2014年3月10日、12日、14日分别在厦门、上海和北京举办葡萄牙葡萄酒专场品鉴会。     

葡萄牙葡萄酒2012年度品鉴会在京举办

10月30日,葡萄牙葡萄酒协会（Vini Portugal）2012北京年度品鉴会在北京瑞吉酒店成功举办,39家葡萄牙酒庄携百余款佳酿,为中国的葡萄酒专业人士及爱好者呈现了葡萄牙葡萄酒的与众不同。“葡萄牙葡萄酒的独特气质主要源自葡萄牙丰富的土质条件和多样化的气候环境,以多达200余种的独特土生葡萄品种为基础,由葡萄牙饱含热情的酿酒师将2500余年的酿酒文化及现代创新理念注入其中,造就了非凡独到的葡萄牙佳酿。”葡萄牙葡萄酒协会高级区域经理Filipa Anunciacao在接受媒体采访时说。     

质量控制从森林到灌装入瓶——软木塞行业巨头科森集团中国设厂

<正>全球软木塞行业巨头科森集团最近宣布位于中国天津空港开发区的工厂将正式运营,开始为中国以及亚洲客户提供高质量的软木塞以及橡木桶和橡木桶替代品。作为全球第二大软木塞生产商,科森集团由总裁Jochen Michalski先生于1981年创建于久负盛名的美国加州北部葡萄酒产区。Michalski始终坚持对质量进行严格把控来替代之前传统的软木塞采购和生产。通过和葡萄牙的软     

我国葡萄酒专家郭其昌先生获OIV金质奖章

在2000年2月23日举行的“中国国际食品和饮料展览会”新闻发布会上，国际葡萄和葡萄酒组织（OIV）总裁何塞（GEORGESDUTRUC－ROSSET）先生代表该组织将一枚金质奖章授予我国的葡萄酒专家郭其昌先生。郭先生成为我国第一位获此殊荣的葡萄酒专家。何塞先生是应比利时布鲁塞尔国际葡萄酒评比会的邀请，前来主持2月ZI－23日在北京举办的‘冲国国际葡萄酒及烈酒评比会”的。据何塞先生在新闻发布会上介绍，OIV的金质奖章是根据郭其昌先生SO余年对中国和世界葡萄酒行业做出的突出贡献而颁发的，并衷心地希望郭先生继续推广长期科学研…     

日本葡萄酒消费市场

日本葡萄酒消费市场,近几年总量与中国接近,每年葡萄酒消费量近30万吨,但中、日两国葡萄酒市场消费特点却有着明显的差异:日本为经济发达国家,葡萄酒消费总的趋势是向中、高档酒方向发展,中国是发展中国家,消费的葡萄酒大多是中、低档酒;日本市场上的国产、进口葡萄酒比例已达到4:6,即六成为进口酒,中国葡萄酒市场上大部分为国产酒,进口葡萄酒仅占一成多;还有,两国都属东亚国家,不如法国、意大利、葡萄牙、瑞士、西班牙、德国、澳大利亚、智利等国家,葡萄酒人均年消费量都在几十升,但日本1998年起人均年消费量也已达2L以上(见表1),而中国目前还不到0.3L.     

秉承骑士精神铸造璀璨明天——专访青岛华东葡萄酿酒有限公司总经理刘红梅

自1982年英国人百利先生在青岛崂山九龙坡建立起中国第一个真正意义上的酒庄开始．华东葡萄酒公司便开始在青岛崛起。历经二十多年的积淀，如今的华东葡萄酒已成为家喻户晓的知名品牌，在中国葡萄酒行业占得一席之地。     

葡萄酒：两种模式，赢利点依然很少

2005年，在一场关于葡萄酒流行趋势发布的“秀”上，专卖店建设同诸多时尚概念一同被推出，发布者认为专卖店渠道建设必将是葡萄酒将来最为重要的渠道通路。两年时间过去了，往昔的时尚“秀”也已成为了供媒体日后梳理的年度标签，而专卖店却真的演化成了火热的现实。就在2007年年初的这几个月，便有吉马国际酒廊入驻上海金茂，杭州永裕已在浙江各地吸引到数家连锁专卖店加盟商，来自葡萄牙的大葡大美在成都也开张了一家葡萄酒专卖店，新天国际高层亲赴重庆为一家直营专卖店剪彩。     

Phenolic and furanic compounds of Portuguese chestnut and French, American and Portuguese oak wood chips

Botanical species used on aging process must be wisely and judiciously chosen, and for this selection, a basic knowledge of the chemical composition of woods is warranted. Aiming to contribute to extend the knowledge of the chemical composition of several wood species useful for enological purposes, we have focused our studies on Portuguese chestnut and French, American and Portuguese oak chips. The profile of low molecular weight phenolic composition of these chips was achieved, using an optimized extraction method based on pressurized liquid extraction, followed by the quantification of phenolic acids, phenolic aldehydes and furanic derivatives by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-DAD). The identification of those compounds was also confirmed by LC-DAD/ESI-MS. This study allowed the determination of the low molecular phenolic composition of Portuguese chestnut and French, American and Portuguese oak wood. According to our results, the influence of the botanical species seems to be more relevant than the geographic origin of the wood species.     

Within and between-tree variation of wood density components in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus sylvestris</Emphasis> at five sites in Portugal

Pinus sylvestris is widely distributed in Europe and Asia, and Portugal constitutes its westernmost limit. The reduction of the Portuguese forest area of resinous species has provoked strong constraints on wood industries supply. Therefore, an increase in Scots pine area might be important, namely by reforestations of higher altitude areas, where Pinus pinaster has great difficulties to vegetate and where the risk of pinewood nematode attack is smaller. However, large gaps remain in the knowledge of Pinus sylvestris wood characteristics growing in Portugal. To address this question, the radial wood density and growth were evaluated by X-ray microdensitometric technique, sampling 100 adult trees from five representative sites of P. sylvestris distribution area in Portugal. The results revealed that Portuguese Pinus sylvestris shows good radial growth and denser wood than those found in northern European regions. Among the Portuguese stands, sites at a lower altitude (Gerês and Marão) exhibited denser wood. Regarding density components, it was verified that the differences among sites were more significant in latewood, while the differences between trees/sites were most expressive in earlywood. These facts induce a higher genetic control in earlywood characteristics and a greater dependence of latewood components on environmental and climatic effects. Regarding growth components, Trees and Rings effects were more noticeable than Site effect. Concerning radial patterns, Portuguese Pinus sylvestris shows a downward trend in the first years after the pith, followed by an increase in latter rings for the density traits, while the radial variation of ring width is expressed by a tendency of decrease from the pith to the cambium. Compared to other European regions, Portuguese Pinus sylvestris reveals good wood quality features, namely higher density and ring width values. However, compared to Portuguese Pinus pinaster it shows a relatively lower density and identical or relatively lower radial growth. Scots pine could be a good solution for future reforestations of Portuguese mountainous areas, less favorable to other species.     

Wetgrass项目——合成草皮球场的性能及运动员舒适度的重要一步

葡萄牙纺织和服装工业技术中心(CITEVE)长期以来一直从事产业用和功能性纺织品领域的研究。CITEVE参与的Wetgrass项目旨在开发一种新的足球场合成草皮系统,以避免草坪在炎热的晴天过热,减少球员滑倒时对皮肤的磨损影响,主要目标是在提高球员的舒适度和安全性的情况下,不影响运动表现和球的正常行为。Wetgrass项目由国家创新局(ANI)和指定的2家葡萄牙公司——Safina公司(葡萄牙合成草坪制造和品牌公司)、Exporplás公司(葡萄牙单丝生产和品牌公司)共同资助,2个STC实体单位、纳米技术和智能材料中心(CeNTI)及CITEVE为项目合作人。     

Evaluation of Portuguese and Spanish Quercus pyrenaica and Castanea sativa species used in cooperage as natural source of phenolic compounds

A study on the phenolic composition of Portuguese and Spanish Castanea sativa and Quercus pyrenaica woods used in cooperage has been carried out with the aim of looking for an extra value for the wood residues generated in cooperage industries. Results showed that both species are an important source of valuable phenolic compounds, although differences in the phenolic content were found. Chestnut samples showed the highest concentration of total phenolic compounds, being especially rich in vescalagin, gallic acid, vanillic aldehyde and syringaldehyde. The geographical origin was another parameter to take into account. Portuguese chestnut samples showed higher amounts of phenolic compounds than the Spanish samples, with vescalagin, gallic acid, vanillic acid and syringaldehyde being the most important features. As a consequence, the residues generated in the cooperage industry from chestnut and Q. pyrenaica heartwood seem to be an important source of valuable phenolic compounds, particularly those from Portuguese chestnuts.     

The effect of cooking and processing on the glucosinolate content: Studies on four varieties of portuguese cabbage and hybrid white cabbage

The concentrations of individual and total glucosinolates were measured in four types of Portuguese cabbage and in one hybrid white cabbage before and after cooking. Typical Portuguese culinary procedures include boiling the cabbage for 10 min but for particular kale types the leaves are first shredded then boiled for 5 min (Caldo verde). Analysis of the fresh cabbage, cooked leaves and cooking water showed that the glucosinolate content of the cabbages is reduced by more than 50%. Almost all of this loss is accounted for as intact glucosinolates in the cooking water, normally used for soups in Portugal.     

Evaluation of the illegal use of clenbuterol in Portuguese cattle farms from drinking water,urine, hair and feed samples

The recent discovery of clenbuterol contamination in Portuguese food led to the specific inspection of 16 cattle farms for β-agonists, involving the analysis of a total of 486 samples (78 feed, 106 drinking water, 168 urine and 134 hair). The samples were screened for the β-agonists: bromobuterol, cimaterol, clenbuterol, clenpenterol, clenproperol, hydroxymethylclenbuterol, mapenterol, salbutamol and terbutaline. Only clenbuterol was found in all analyzed matrices and the most likely method of illegal administration to animals was through drinking water. Of all samples analysed, 14.15% of drinking water were found positive in the range 0.03–3.80 mg l^?1 clenbuterol. Inclusion of hair samples in the Portuguese plan for clenbuterol residue control in live animals is discussed.     

Chemical composition and mineral content of goat milk from four indigenous Portuguese breeds in relation to one foreign breed

Raw goat milk samples from Saanen and indigenous Portuguese breeds were analysed for gross composition, minerals and trace elements. Mean results revealed that some distinction could be seen for the Serrana breed. A significant geographical difference (P < 0.05) between Serrana herds was also observed. Generally, milk from Saanen did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) from that of the indigenous Portuguese breeds. Multivariate analysis showed that goat breeds could be divided into two groups, the ones reared mainly inland and those reared towards the coast. Potentially toxic elements were not detected.     

Changes in Glucosinolate Concentrations in BrassicaCrops (BoleraceaandBnapus) Throughout Growing Seasons

In the Iberian Peninsula, Brassica crops are grown throughout the year and may be consumed at immature stages or leaves may be harvested by ‘picking-over’ during plant growth. Consumption of Brassicas in Portugal is high but there is no information on the levels of glucosinolates in such material. Changes in the total and individual glucosinolate concentrations of four Brassica oleracea types (two cultivars of Portuguese cabbage, one Portuguese kale type and one hybrid white cabbage) and one Portuguese Brassica napus type were monitored throughout two growing seasons, spring/summer (SS) and summer/winter (SW). Glucosinolates were determined between sowing and maturity corresponding to nine sampling dates in the leaves and five harvests in the heads. The main glucosinolates in B oleracea types were 3-methylsulphinylpropyl-, allyl- and indol-3-ylmethyl- whereas in the B napus type pent-4-enyl-, 2-hydroxybut-3-enyl- and but-3-enylglucosinolate predominated. In the leaves of B oleracea types, the highest concentration of total glucosinolates and of most of the individual glucosinolates was observed at 14 days after sowing whilst, in the heads the highest levels were noted at the start of head formation. In the B napus , the highest total and individual glucosinolate concentration was generally observed at the end of the growing season. Both for the total and for the main individual glucosinolates there were significant differences ( P< 0·001) between the nine harvest dates and between growing seasons. Between the two seasons, the glucosinolate levels in SS were generally higher than in SW. A comparison of cultivars showed the hybrid cabbage to have generally higher glucosinolate levels than the Portuguese types, except for B napus .     

Climate change and the health impact of aflatoxins exposure in Portugal – an overview

Climate change has been indicated as a driver for food safety issues worldwide, mainly due to the impact on the occurrence of food safety hazards at various stages of food chain. Mycotoxins, natural contaminants produced by fungi, are among the most important of such hazards. Aflatoxins, which have the highest acute and chronic toxicity of all mycotoxins, assume particular importance. A recent study predicted aflatoxin contamination in maize and wheat crops in Europe within the next 100 years and aflatoxin B1 is predicted to become a food safety issue in Europe, especially in the most probable scenario of climate change (+2°C). This review discusses the potential influence of climate change on the health risk associated to aflatoxins dietary exposure of Portuguese population. We estimated the burden of disease associated to the current aflatoxin exposure for Portuguese population in terms of Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). It is expected that in the future the number of DALYs and the associated cases of hepatocellular carcinoma due to aflatoxins exposure will increase due to climate change. The topics highlighted through this review, including the potential impact on health of the Portuguese population through the dietary exposure to aflatoxins, should represent an alert for the potential consequences of an incompletely explored perspective of climate change. Politics and decision-makers should be involved and committed to implement effective measures to deal with climate change issues and to reduce its possible consequences. This review constitutes a contribution for the prioritisation of strategies to face the unequal burden of effects of weather-related hazards in Portugal and across Europe.