迷宫密封中可压流体流场的数值模拟

应用Fluent软件计算迷宫密封间隙宽度和空腔深度以及直通式迷宫密封和错列式迷宫密封对迷宫密封流场和泄漏量的影响。计算结果与分析表明,间隙宽度对泄漏量的影响体现在通过改变空腔进出口面积来改变泄漏量。所以泄漏量随间隙宽度呈线性变化。在实际运用中,在保证安全的情况下尽量减小间隙宽度;在一定条件下,空腔深度越大,紊流程度下降,泄漏量越大;错列式迷宫密封的泄漏量要明显小于直通式迷宫密封。     

入口长度对旋转直通式迷宫气封流场及流场力的影响

迷宫密封的转子和定子部件之间的流场和流场力直接影响转子的振动和稳定性。为了深入了解迷宫密封的流场和流场力特性,选取旋转直通式迷宫气封为研究对象,利用稳态CFD分析方法,研究密封入口长度对旋转直通式迷宫气封泄漏、流场和流场力的影响。考虑和不考虑入口预旋的影响,计算不同入口长度的旋转直通式迷宫气封的泄漏量、流场速度流线、总压强分布、流体压力和流体黏滞力。结果表明:随着入口长度的增大,密封流场泄漏量先增加后减小,转子表面流体压力和流体黏滞力先增加后快速减小;入口长度影响着直通式迷宫气封流场力,存在一个特定的入口长度,使转子表面的流体压力和流体黏滞力最大;当考虑入口预旋时,泄漏量、流体压力和流体黏滞力均有所减小。     

含有凹槽结构迷宫密封泄漏性能的数值研究

针对不同结构迷宫密封泄漏特性的问题,通过采用CFD三维分析的方法,研究了直通式和含有矩形和圆形凹槽的迷宫密封在不同压比,间隙,转速下的三维流场和泄漏特性。研究结果表明:含有凹槽的结构能够显著的加快耗散气体动能,进而提高密封效率,降低迷宫密封泄漏量,其中圆形凹槽比矩形凹槽阻止泄漏量更优;随着间隙增大,迷宫密封泄漏均增大,泄漏量和泄漏增长率依次是圆形优于矩形优于直通式;随着进出口压比的增大,泄漏量增加明显,矩形与圆形凹槽增加趋势相近;随着转速的增大,气体在迷宫密封内的湍动能耗散增大,泄漏量有所降低,凹槽迷宫密封内的涡旋充分耗散,泄漏量降低更多,达到极值后趋于稳定。     

基于FLUENT技术迷宫密封的结构优化

以压缩机迷宫密封为研究对象,利用FLUENT模拟气体在迷宫密封中的内部流动,分析了气体在迷宫密封中的速度与压力分布,并研究了间隙宽度和空腔深度对迷宫密封泄漏量的影响,提出了4种不同尺寸的迷宫密封结构,分别得到在不同模型下泄漏量与压差之间的变化规律,其中模型D有效减少了迷宫密封的泄漏量,提高了密封性能。     

空腔参数对齿轮箱双边直通式迷宫密封性能的影响

针对影响高速列车齿轮箱轴向双边直通式迷宫密封性能的空腔参数如宽度与深度,利用FLUENT软件仿真计算迷宫密封的内部流场与泄漏量,分析迷宫密封矩形空腔的最佳深宽比,研究不同压比、节流间隙宽度对最佳深宽比的影响规律。研究结果表明:迷宫密封的泄漏量随着空腔宽度的增大而减小;双边直通式迷宫密封的矩形空腔最佳深宽比为0.3,最佳深宽比与压差和节流间隙宽度无关。当压差过大或者节流间隙宽度过小,最佳深宽比对提高密封性能的作用不明显。     

基于Fluent的高速动车组齿轮箱迷宫密封数值模拟

以设计的某高速动车组齿轮箱迷宫密封为研究对象,利用Fluent软件对迷宫密封内部流场进行数值模拟,得出了迷宫密封内部流场的压力、速度、速度矢量以及湍流分布云图,分析了齿轮箱迷宫密封的密封机理与过程。结果表明,流体流经密封间隙时是加速降压过程,但压力降低很少,流体流出密封间隙进入空腔时是等压增阻过程,进入空腔后,腔体中心的湍流度最大、压力最小,随着距腔体中心的距离增大,速度递增,压力也递增。分析了齿轮箱在3种典型工况中形成的不同压比下的迷宫密封内部流场分布特性,表明泄漏量随着进出口压比的增加而增加,且压比与泄漏量之间成非线性关系。仿真结果可作为齿轮箱迷宫密封设计的参考依据。     

阶梯型迷宫密封流场与泄漏量影响因素计算

利用CFD技术对迷宫密封内部流场进行数值模拟,最后得出了迷宫密封内部流场的速度、压力分布云图.表明气流流经齿缝时是加速降压过程,气流在齿腔中进行的是等压增阻过程.通过分析,泄漏量随径向间隙呈线性变化,齿高越大,紊流程度下降,泄漏量越大.在转速较小的情况下,转速对泄漏量的影响非常小,但是当转速变大时,密封的泄漏量不断减少.     

风电齿轮箱迷宫密封泄漏量分析及结构优化设计

为了分析某风电齿轮箱内迷宫密封各参数对泄漏量的影响,利用数值模拟和构建代理模型对迷宫密封的泄漏行为开展了研究。首先,根据风电齿轮箱三维实体模型构建了其迷宫密封三维流场模型;然后,基于FLUENT软件,通过单一变量法研究了迷宫密封泄漏量随进出口压力比、润滑液动力黏度、高速轴与低速轴的转速和迷宫密封的密封齿间隙的变化规律;最后,构建了径向基神经网络(RBF)代理模型,在该代理模型的基础上,在影响迷宫密封性能的因素中,选取了密封间隙、密封腔体高度和密封腔体宽度三个结构参数作为设计变量,以迷宫密封的最小泄漏量和出口最大速度为优化目标,使用非劣分层遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)获得了最优解。研究结果表明：迷宫密封泄漏量受两个转轴的转速影响很小;泄漏量与进出口压力比、密封间隙成正比,而与润滑油动力黏度成反比;求得最优解对应的参数所对应泄漏量减小了47%,出口最大速度降低了36%,数值模拟与优化理论计算结果一致。该结果可为研究迷宫密封泄漏量的影响特性提供理论依据。     

密封齿对侧开槽对迷宫密封泄漏特性的影响

为了降低迷宫密封的泄漏量,提出一种在直通型迷宫密封的密封齿前端和后端设立凹槽的密封结构,基于CFD方法,建立迷宫密封数值仿真模型。通过与已有试验数据的对比,验证模型的正确性。探讨不同湍流模型的适用范围,并对比光滑表面、前置凹槽、后置凹槽3种结构在泄漏量、轴向压降及流场速度分布的差异性。结果表明:SST湍流模型更加适用于迷宫密封这种窄间隙的近壁面流动;前置凹槽结构降低泄漏量的效果较差,只有在高压力差下才能降低泄漏量;后置凹槽结构能改变迷宫密封腔内漩涡方向及状态,进而降低迷宫密封透气效应,加剧密封的能量耗散的同时降低泄漏量。因此,后置凹槽的迷宫密封结构具有较好的工程应用前景。     

高速列车齿轮箱迷宫密封性能分析优化

基于经验公式,采用流场分析软件FLUENT计算方形迷宫密封的泄漏量;分析方形迷宫密封轴转速、间隙、空腔深度、空腔宽度对其泄漏量的影响,分析圆形迷宫密封、菱形迷宫密封的性能,并将上述分析结构应用于高速列车齿轮箱迷宫密封。研究结果表明:方形迷宫密封泄漏量随着间隙宽度的增加而增加,随着轴转速、空腔深度、空腔宽度的增加而减少;圆形密封随着空腔半径的增加、菱形密封随着空腔夹角的增加其泄漏量均减少;相同工况、截面积的方形、圆形、菱形迷宫密封中,圆形空腔迷宫密封泄漏量最小。根据分析结果对高速列车齿轮箱迷宫密封进行优化,优化后迷宫密封泄漏量明显减小。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.