一种联合特征参数的信号调制识别算法

针对信号调制类型识别的问题,提出一种新的基于分形盒维数和归一化峰度的信号调制类型识别算法.该算法具有计算复杂度低、抗噪性能强的优点.仿真实验结果表明该算法在高斯白噪声环境下信噪比大于-5 dB时,实验使用的几种信号的平均分类正确率超过97％,信噪比大于0 dB时,分类正确率均接近100％.     

复杂压扩增量调制

本文介绍一种取样频率为32kHz的双积分复杂压扩增量调制电路的工作原理、调试原理及其性能。对该电路进行的测试表明,当输入信号频率fc=450Hz、信噪比(S N)/N=34dB和fc=900Hz、(S N)/N=30dB以及fc=2000Hz、(S N)/N=21.3dB时,动态范围D均为40.5dB。     

最佳递归傅里叶变换算法

本文阐述了离散傅里叶变换的递归算法。表明当变换长度N=P是一个质数时,算法就变得特别简单,只要用一个复数系数W_P~D就可以计算全部N个频率分量。本文讨论了系数选择与信噪比的关系。求出了递归算法的最佳系数,这些系数使得定点实现傅里叶交换时具有最大信号噪声比。     

一种基于奇异值分解的改进信噪比盲估计算法

针对空间分解类信噪比(SNR)估计算法中子空间维数估计复杂度较高,低信噪比下估计偏差较大的问题,提出了一种改进的子空间维数估计算法。该算法首先利用样本自相关矩阵的奇异值序列进行后向差分得到梯度序列,对梯度序列每一项与后5项之和的比值进行搜索,最大比值所对应的奇异值序号作为信号子空间维数,最后计算信噪比。合适数据长度下的仿真结果表明：在信噪比-5 dB~20 dB范围内,常规通信信号的信噪比估计平均偏差小于0.5 dB,标准差小于1 dB;该算法提升了低信噪比下的估计性能,运算量较小,无需知道调制方式、载波频率、符号率等先验信息,在低信噪比时对信噪比时变的跟踪估计更为准确,且对复杂高阶调制信号同样适用。     

一种新的极高精度的T_IIN频率估计内插算法

针对多普勒条件下接收端复信号的频率估计难的问题,研究了一种基于离散傅里叶变换与迭代频率估计的内插综合算法.区别于经典的内插算法,新算法在迭代频率内插算法基础上充分利用复数快速傅里叶变换结果的实虚部值,并通过最大峰值频谱和相邻两侧谱线以极高精度内插估计出复信号的频率参数.仿真结果分析表明,在二次迭代条件下信噪比为-10 dB时,该算法估计均方根误差仍能逼近克拉美-罗限的1.0021倍.该算法在同等条件下比经典的Rife、Quinn和IIN算法具有更高的准确性、稳定性和可靠性.     

基于MBER的联合预编码与空时编码GFDM功率分配策略

为改善频率选择性衰落信道上广义频分复用（GFDM）系统的误比特率和频带利用率性能,基于最小误比特率（MBER）准则,提出一种联合预编码和空时编码（STC）的 GFDM 系统及其相应的功率分配策略,可将该功率分配策略的优化目标由MBER转化为最小化其噪声增强因子,并推导了联合预编码与空时编码 GFDM 系统的功率分配、误比特率和频带利用率性能解析表达式。数值计算和仿真结果表明,与预编码STC-GFDM系统相比,基于MBER准则的预编码STC-GFDM系统的误码性能在误比特率为10^-3时改善约0.4 dB,频带利用率性能在信噪比为12 dB时提高约0.24 bit/(s·Hz)。     

一种改进的基于DCT的语音增强算法

提出一种改进的基于离散余弦变换的语音增强算法。在信噪比较低时,传统的基于离散余弦变换的语音增强算法效果较好,能较大幅度地提高信号的信噪比;而当信噪比高时,利用这种方法会滤掉一些有用的信号成份。新算法首先计算出所有高阶离散余弦变换系数对应的时域信号中语音信号出现的可能性大小,然后根据某个阈值计算是否在估计噪声信号绝对值的均方差时保留该系数。实验结果表明在含噪语音信号的信噪比高于10dB时,新算法较传统的基于离散余弦变换的算法具有较好的性能。     

1645 nm单纵模NPRO激光器短期频率稳定度的测量

利用光纤延时自外差法对单块非平面Er∶YAG环形振荡器(NPRO)输出单纵模激光的短期频率稳定度进行了测量。激光器输出波长为1645 nm。测量了延时时间分别为0.25 μs,0.75 μs,1.25 μs,1.75 μs,2.25 μs,2.75 μs,5.25 μs,7.25 μs,9.75 μs,108.5 μs,166 μs 的输出激光的自外差拍频信号。设置频谱仪的span为20 kHz,扫描时间为10 s,Res BW为51 Hz,VBW为1 Hz,测量拍频信号的3 dB带宽。在延时时间0.25~9.75 μs范围内,通过线性拟合在不同延时下的3 dB带宽,得到单纵模NPRO激光器的短期频率稳定度为201 Hz/μs。光纤延时长度为21.7 km和33.2 km时,测量的3 dB带宽约为14 kHz。     

一种自适应增强谱线算法的优化设计与实现

自适应谱线增强(ALE)算法能够提高高动态、低信噪比信号的载波频率估计精度.针对实际应用中该算法消耗硬件资源多、结构复杂、使用效率低等问题,提出了结合可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA)优化的ALE算法结构方法,简化了ALE硬件电路.设计结果表明,改进ALE方法后,可实现信噪比为0～20 dBHz、最大多普勒动态为800 Hz/s的测控信号载波频率准确估计.     

数字式频率合成器锁相环路参数设计

1 数字式频率合成器方案及指标1．1 方案 本合成器（见图1）能在2~3MHz范围内提供频率间隔为100Hz的10 000个频率点,每点的频率具有与标准频率相同的频率稳定度。其中： fVCO2＝10N2 f＝×N fVCO1max＝3.1000MHz fVCO1min＝2.1001MHz1．2 主要技术指标 （1）频率范围：2.1001~3.1000MHz （2）频率间隔：100Hz （3）捕捉时间：<25ms（在频率变化500kHz时） （4）噪声性能： 偏离主频率300~3000Hz时,≤－75dB / Hz 偏离主频率20kHz外,≤－110dB / Hz 偏离主频率50~100Hz时,≤－40dB / Hz （5）鉴相频率泄漏：≤－75dB （6…     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks