泰华文学与泰国华人的身份认同

泰华文学是泰国的华侨华人用汉语进行的文学创作.虽然泰国政府的华侨华人政策和我国的华侨政策在不同的历史时期都有所变化,但泰华作家坚持以汉语创作的姿态,却鲜明地表现出他们对中华传统文化身份的建构.因此,泰华作家在不同时期与祖籍国的联系并不是一种简单的精神还乡,而是在不同历史时期对自身身份的文化表述.     

从难溶性含钾杂卤石中溶浸法开采钾

通过柱浸试验,研究了从杂卤石中浸出钾,考察了喷淋速度、矿石粒度、柱高等因素对钾浸出率的影响.结果表明,实际生产中,在满足经济效益前提下,应尽可能破碎矿石、降低浸出剂流速、增长渗滤路径,以充分提取矿石中的钾.     

Sexual maturation in Thai girls

Generally, menarche is considered an indicator of girls' sexual maturation. In Thailand, this study on the menarcheal age in female pupils was conducted in Bangkok, and the central, northern, northeastern and southern regions of Thailand, which differ in their geography, tradition and customs. In carrying out the research, 8,200 questionnaires were distributed to female pupils aged 10-17 years. The result was that the mean menarcheal age was 12.3 years. For the length of menstrual period, it was found that 83.7 per cent had a period of less than 7 days and 75.7 per cent used 2-4 pieces of sanitary napkins per day. For the regularity of menstrual period, 48.5 per cent had a regular period and 41.8 per cent had a period once within 2 months. For the persons whom these female pupils needed for advice about menarche, the study indicated that mothers were mostly needed. For the mean menarcheal age reported in each region, it was found that in the central region the mean menarcheal age was 12.5 years, the North was 12 years, the Northeast was 12.4 years and the South was 12.7 years. These data prove to be statistically significant, that is the lowest menarcheal age of female pupils was in the North while the highest was in the South. In terms of nature and characteristics of female pupils' menstruation in 4 regions there was no difference. When comparing the BMI value of female pupils already having a period in each region, the result was that there was no difference. The BMI value of those already having a period was higher than those not having had a period; and in the latter group, the BMI value of female pupils in the North was the highest while that in the Central region was higher than in the Northeast and the South.     

Intraoral candida in Thai diabetes patients

Type X collagen expression in intervertebral disc of young adult beagle dogs (n = 10) was studied. Type X collagen was immunostained mainly pericellularly in the central area of the vertebral endplate, but interterritorial staining there was also present. Annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus did not usually stain for type X collagen. However, immunostaining of nucleus pulposus for type X collagen with a simultaneous expression of collagen alpha1(X) mRNA was observed in one dog. A weak staining was observed in two other animals with a weak collagen alpha1(X) mRNA signal. In annulus fibrosus, lamellar staining was observed in two dogs. In three animals, type X collagen mRNAs were observed in the outer edge of the annulus fibrosus, but immunohistochemical staining did not always correlate with in situ hybridization signals. In conclusion, intervertebral disc type X collagen was mainly expressed in the cartilaginous endplate. In some apparently healthy animals there was type X collagen expression in the nucleus pulposus and also in the annulus fibrosus.     

烧结机头电除尘灰中钾的脱除及利用其制备硫酸钾

以湘潭钢铁集团有限公司烧结机头电除尘灰为原料,在分析其理化性质的基础上,开发了采用水洗方法脱除烧结灰中钾元素并利用其制备硫酸钾的新工艺,研究了水洗脱钾过程中提高烧结灰-水体系分散性的方法。实验表明：加入与烧结灰质量比为2%的硫酸及2‰十六烷基溴化铵,可使烧结灰在水中良好分散;采用固/液比=1∶4、浸泡时间60 min、浸泡温度30℃,搅拌转速200 r/min条件对烧结灰进行水洗脱钾,钾的洗脱率可达98.70%;水洗脱钾溶液经NH4HCO3除杂、活性炭脱色净化、硫酸铵复分解反应、两步蒸发结晶可分别制得工业级硫酸钾、农用硫酸钾和氯化钾铵复合肥,钾资源的总回收率可达95.54%。该工艺的开发为钢铁企业烧结灰的碱金属元素除杂及其中钾资源的高效综合利用提供了一条新的技术途径。     

Zinc content of selected foods

Selected food items appearing on 24-hr. dietary recalls of nineteen volunteers were analyzed for zinc by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Consistent and reproducible results were obtained for the zinc content of the foods. Values ranged from 0.02 +/- 0.01 mg. zinc per 100 gm. for fruit cocktail to 6.77 +/- 0.03 mg. per 100 gm. for London broil. Foods in the meat group had the highest zinc values (0.40 to 6.77 mg. per 100 gm.), followed by the breads and cereals (0.30 to 2.54 mg. per 100 gm.); milk and milk products (0.36 to 0.49 mg. per 100 gm.); vegetables (0.12 to 0.60 mg. per 100 gm.); and fruits (0.02 to 0.26 mg. per 100 gm.)--in that order. When comparisons with published values for zinc content of foods were possible, there was good agreement with the values obtained in this study. Using the zinc content of the analyzed foods, dietary zinc intakes based on 24-hr. recall records were calculated for the nineteen volunteers. Mean dietary zinc intake was 13.3 +/- 7.6 mg. and showed a high positive correlation to dietary energy (r = 0.85) and protein (r = 0.90) intakes. Analyzed zinc content of two food composites containing beef was twice that of four food composites not containing beef.     

马钢高钾烧结除尘灰脱钾方法研究

介绍了马钢烧结除尘灰的利用情况,通过对高钾烧结除尘灰进行物化特性分析,从经济、高效脱钾的角度考虑,认为水浸温度100℃、液固比3∶1、搅拌水浸一次的高钾除尘灰脱钾工艺比较适合,脱钾率可达到91.62％.     

Antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic potentials of some Thai vegetables

HPLC assays were developed and validated for the quantitation of the novel orally active nonsteroidal antiestrogen EM-800 ?(S)-(+)-4-[7-(2,2-dimethyl-l-oxopropoxy)-4-methyl-2-[4-[2-(1-pipe ridinyl)- ethoxy]phenyl]-2H-l-benzopyran-3-yl]-phenyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate?. The assay involves reversed-phase C18 or C4 columns using different mobile phases with ammonium acetate buffers and UV detection at lambda = 240 nm. The standard curve was linear over the concentration range of 10-1100 micrograms/ml. The precision (% relative standard deviation) values of these methods were in the range of 0.38-0.52 and 1.89-3.45% with C4 and C18 reversed phases, respectively. The limit of detection was found to be 1 microgram/ml. Enantiomeric separation was also obtained using a chiral method (ChiralPak AD column) using a mixture of hexane-reagent alcohol-diethylamine (94.9:5.0:0.1) as mobile phase. These methods were applied to stability studies, evaluation of pharmaceutical dosage forms and in the framework of toxicological studies. Details of some of these applications will be presented.     

Chromium in Austrian foods

The chromium content in foods is relatively low and the most foods have a content below 0.1 ppm. Only spices, cacao, cacao products, poppy and whole meal products contain higher contents. The often published high chromium content of corn germ oil could not be verified. We did not find any chromium enrichment in the entrails of a cow. In addition the chromium contents of each food are strong deviated. The analysed values were sometimes lower than in literature. We expect that the elder values are higher because of different contaminations in some cases.     

A clinical study of Thai patients with spondyloarthropathy

Eighty-eight Thai patients (61 males and 27 females) with spondyloarthropathy (SpA) were studied. Their mean age and mean duration of the disease were 25.97 and 3.34 years respectively. In 16 cases the disease first appeared before the age of 16 or had juvenile onset. Eleven cases were ankylosing spondylitis (AS), 9 were juvenile AS (JAS), 20 were Reiter's syndrome (RS), 4 were juvenile RS, 14 were psoriatic arthritis (PsA), 27 were undifferentiated SpA (uSpA), and 3 were juvenile uSpA. Peripheral arthritis, especially oligoarthritis of the lower extremity joints, was the most common form of arthritis in all groups, except for PsA, where polyarthritis was common. Back pain and bilateral sacroiliitis were commonly seen in JAS and AS. Enthesopathy was not uncommon. Extra-articular manifestations were more common in RS patients. Acute inflammatory eye diseases were seen in 45 per cent of AS and 66 per cent of RS cases. In general, the clinical features of Thai patients with SpA were similar to those reported in other countries in Asia and the west.     

Collaborative Negotiation Behaviors in Thai Construction Projects

When construction contractors encounter difficulties and changes from what was originally stated in contract documents, fair and equitable adjustments are required. Owners use construction management (CM) consultants to act as primary negotiators on their behalf. Throughout project execution, seamless negotiations take place that are intended to improve the relationships that are critical to successful project delivery. This study investigates the collaborative behaviors between CM consultants and contractors acting as negotiators in adverse situations. Characteristics of collaborative negotiations are identified as being rational, goal-oriented, reactive, cooperative, and adaptive. Four negotiable situations were investigated: change orders, errors in drawings and specifications, differing site conditions, and delayed progress payments. The research for this study used a questionnaire survey of 83 project managers from 51 CM consultants and 32 contractor companies focused on building construction in Thailand. The results show significant differences in collaborative behavior between CM consultants and contractors. Contractors were much more aware of the outcome of negotiations, which could lead them to be less collaborative. Both parties strongly regarded rationality as normal practice. Adaptability to new approaches proved difficult in negotiations. This study also proposes strategies and tactics for better collaboration to achieve win-win results in negotiations.     

Opisthorchis viverrini metacercaria in Thai freshwater fish

N-chloroethyl derivatives of 7-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (7-OH-DPAT), 1-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ), or fluphenazine were microinjected into rat nucleus accumbens (Acc), and receptor binding quantified autoradiographically after 24 h. EEDQ reduced [3H]nemonapride (D2-like receptors) binding in Acc (by 84%) and islands of Calleja (IC; 44%), without affecting [3H](+)-7-OH-DPAT (D3); N-chloroethyl-7-OH-DPATs blocked both radioligands in Acc and IC (30%-70%); fluphenazine had no effect.     

Strategic Assets Driving Organizational Capabilities of Thai Construction Firms

This research study aims to identify strategic assets which currently drive and enhance the organizational capabilities of construction firms. There were 258 sets of questionnaires assessing the level of importance given to 106 substantial resources underlying six organizational capabilities of Thai construction firms that were analyzed. Using factor analysis, these 106 items were reduced to 14, which were termed strategic assets. These 14 strategic assets were then classified based on their influence on the six organizational capabilities. The results indicate that Thai construction firms concentrate mostly on developing excellent reputation, creating strong bargaining power with suppliers and subcontractors, and strengthening the firm’s financial stability. However, they do not give much importance to effective risk and investment management, continuous development and innovation, and explicit strategic management. These findings provide in-depth insight to comprehensively understanding a Thai construction firm’s capabilities. These 14 strategic assets should thereafter be used to develop a practical tool for managers of construction firms to evaluate their firm’s strengths and weaknesses as well as to identify strategic assets required to enhance competitiveness in the market.