日本利用当地产大蒜研制出“大蒜红葡萄酒”

日本青森县近日利用当地产的大蒜成功研制出“大蒜红葡萄酒”。据悉，大蒜有杀菌作用，酿造大蒜红葡萄酒时单纯混入大蒜会导致酵母死亡，酒不能发酵。故采用在酿造初期加少量大蒜精，对酵母进行耐大蒜性驯化后，再加入一定量的大蒜精。大蒜葡萄酒成品香气独特，大蒜精与葡萄经酵母发酵，风味协调，饮后没有大蒜残留气味。     

微生物发酵对大蒜风味及活性成分的影响

利用选育的乳酸杆菌菌株对大蒜进行发酵,以脱除大蒜中的刺激性气味,提高大蒜中活性成分含量.研究结果表明:发酵时间不同,大蒜活性成分含量和风味不同,发酵45d后大蒜SOD活力达到最高值,其SOD活力提高了47.8%,大蒜的刺激性异味显著降低,大蒜素下降了约26%,蛋白质含量下降了32%左右.SOD活性染色结果表明:发酵后大蒜中的SOD类型有Mn-SOD、Cu,Zn-SOD、Fe-SOD三种,主要为Mn-SOD.     

不同大蒜浓度对发酵白菜品质的影响

研究以不加大蒜的自然发酵白菜(2%的盐浓度)为对照,对比研究了不同大蒜浓度(5%,8%,12%,15%,20%)发酵条件下发酵白菜的各种指标(亚硝酸盐含量、pH值、可滴定酸含量、微生物的数量),并对其进行感官评价,以分析不同大蒜浓度对发酵白菜品质的影响,从而找出最佳的大蒜添加量.研究结果得出添加大蒜的处理比对照实验组亚硝酸酸盐低2～5倍,感官分析说明了5%大蒜浓度的发酵白菜感官评价结果优于其它四种发酵白菜.这说明在发酵过程中添加5%浓度的大蒜可优化发酵白菜的品质.     

不同菌种发酵大蒜液的品质比较分析

为研究不同菌种对发酵大蒜液品质的影响,对大蒜发酵过程中总酚、可滴定酸、甲醇、乙醇等理化指标和羟基自由基清除能力进行监测,利用高效液相色谱法分析其有机酸种类及其含量,采用电子舌分析不同发酵时间发酵大蒜的味感变化.结果表明,不同菌种(酿酒酵母或植物乳杆菌)发酵制备的大蒜液,在其发酵过程中,总酚、可滴定酸均呈现上升的趋势,发...     

大蒜对干发酵香肠中肠道菌的抑制作用研究

本文以植物乳杆菌6003作为乳酸菌发酵剂，以大肠菌O139和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌代表肠道菌，添加于模拟干发酵香肠肉汤中。通过不同浓度的大蒜对模拟肉汤影响研究，表明0．05％大蒜和0．1％大蒜即分别能有效延缓模拟肉汤中鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的增殖及大肠菌O139的增殖。l％的大蒜能完全阻止二种肠道菌在发酵期间的增殖。1％浓度大蒜对乳酸菌发酵剂没有抑制作用。     

客观地看待吃“黑蒜”

一、什么是黑蒜 黑蒜,又名黑大蒜、发酵黑蒜、黑蒜头,是用新鲜生蒜,带皮放在高温、高湿的发酵箱里发酵60～90天,让其自然发酵制成的食品。黑蒜在保留生大蒜原有成分的基础上,通过发酵可将大蒜的抗氧化、抗酸化功效提高数十倍,     

碎鲜辣椒发酵制品系列产品生产技术

应用接种发酵的碎鲜辣椒发酵制品为原料，对其系列产品的生产工艺、配方和保藏技术进行了研究。结果表明：风味发酵辣椒产品的较优配方是不同品种的碎鲜辣椒发酵制品按等比例混合，添加10％的豆豉和10％的大蒜以及适量的其它调味料；辣椒萝卜的较优工艺和配方是将萝卜水分含量控制到70％后，添加25％的碎鲜辣椒发酵制品和10％的精炼植物油以及适量的其它调味料。系列产品经80～85℃、25～30min杀菌处理，能满足产品的保质要求。     

3种香辛料对糍粑辣椒发酵过程中有机酸的影响研究

为探究大蒜、生姜、花椒3种香辛料在糍粑辣椒发酵过程中对其有机酸产生的影响,该研究将香辛料(大蒜、生姜、花椒)分别加入糍粑辣椒中发酵35 d,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分析了糍粑辣椒发酵过程中6种有机酸(酒石酸、苹果酸、乳酸、醋酸、柠檬酸、琥珀酸)的变化趋势。结果表明,糍粑辣椒在发酵过程中pH总体呈下降趋势,总酸含量呈上升趋势,且发酵末期pH的大小为HJ相似文献   

腌菜致癌的四点误解

误解一：盐腌菜、暴腌菜、酱菜、泡菜、酸菜和韩式泡菜都是一回事情。 尽管这些食品都归《GB2714—2003酱腌莱卫生标准》范围管理，但是其制作工艺不同，发酵方式不同，所以危险程度也就不一样。多项研究证明，由于乳酸菌不具备硝酸还原酶，严格的纯乳酸菌发酵所产生的亚硝酸盐含量是非常低的。泡菜腌制中所加入的鲜姜、鲜辣椒、大蒜、大葱、洋葱、紫苏等配料均可以帮助降低亚硝酸盐水平。     

黑蒜加工过程中主要营养物质及抗氧化活性变化的研究

目的探究大蒜在发酵成为黑蒜过程中主要营养物质及抗氧化活性的变化。方法将新鲜大蒜置于高温密闭环境中发酵,定期测定蒜样的水分、还原糖、总酸、蛋白质及总酚的含量和抗氧化活性。结果在高温高湿条件下,随着发酵时间的延长,蒜瓣水分逐渐丧失,还原糖、总酸、蛋白质、总酚含量相对提高, 25 d时黑蒜的还原糖含量较鲜蒜增加12.19%,总酚含量提高6.7倍,蛋白质含量增加3.14 mg/g DW;抗氧化性能总体增加, DPPH清除能力提升了2.6倍。结论适宜的条件下发酵形成的黑蒜具有更高的营养价值和抗氧化活性。     

大蒜、胡萝卜、甜橙复合保健饮料的研究

以大蒜、胡萝卜、甜橙为主要原料,制成复合保健果蔬饮料.对大蒜的脱臭效果、果蔬汁用量以及影响饮料风味的因素进行了分析研究.结果表明,按大蒜汁6%、胡萝卜汁10%、甜橙汁25%、白砂糖10%的比例进行调配,复合保健饮料风味最佳.     

Novel quantitative assays for estimating the antimicrobial activity of fresh garlic juice

Novel agar diffusion and broth dilution assays were developed for quantitatively estimating the antimicrobial activity of fresh garlic juice. Bacteria found to be inhibited by garlic juice in agar diffusion assay included two gram-positive and five gram-negative species. Leuconostoc mesenteroides was not inhibited. Escherichia coli B-103 (HB101, with pJH101, ampicillin resistant, 100 microg ml(-1)) was inhibited and chosen as the standard culture for quantitative assays. The agar diffusion assay was based on the slope ratio method, where the slope of dose response for garlic juice was divided by the slope of dose response for methylmethane thiosulfonate (MMTSO2). Juice from fresh garlic varied in activity between 1.76 and 2.31 microg of MMTSO2 per mg of garlic juice. The activity of juice decreased during 11 months of storage of garlic cloves at 5 degrees C from 2.31 to less than 0.1 microg of MMTSO2 per mg of juice. The broth dilution assay also used the E. coli B-103 culture, which permitted selective enumeration of this bacterium when 100 microg ml(-1) of ampicillin was incorporated into the enumerating agar. Selective enumeration was essential since the garlic juice was not sterile and, thus, contained natural flora. Growth of E. coli was unaffected by 0.1%, delayed by 0.25%, and completely inhibited at 0.5 and 2% garlic juice in broth during 24 h of incubation at 37 micro C. The minimum inhibition concentration of garlic juice by broth dilution assay was, thus, estimated to be 0.5%, which is equivalent to 3.46 microg of MMTSO2 per mg of garlic juice by the agar diffusion assay.     

Effect of dried garlic flesh and dried garlic juice on body fat and lipid metabolism in 9-month-old rats with diet-induced obesity

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dried garlic flesh and dried juice of garlic flesh on the body fat and lipid metabolism of 9-month-old rats with diet-induced obesity. For 8 weeks, the rats were fed either a control diet or experimental diets containing 3 or 5%(w/w) of dried, powdered garlic flesh or garlic juice. In our study, body weight gains and calorie efficiency ratios were the lowest in 5% dried garlic flesh treatment. Hepatic diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) activities were inhibited relatively to the control for the dried garlic flesh treatments. Fecal total lipid excretion, plasma total lipid, and triglyceride concentrations were significantly improved through the 5% dried garlic flesh treatment. In conclusion, garlic consumption reduced the body fat and improved lipid profile in rats. Especially, consumption of dried garlic flesh was turned out to be more effective than the intake of dried garlic juice.     

大蒜清汁加工中脱臭澄清净化技术研究

以大蒜为原料探究大蒜清汁的加工工艺,并对大蒜的脱臭温度、护色VC用量、果胶酶酶解条件及冷冻澄清进行研究,确定了合理的加工工艺和最佳参数.结果表明,大蒜清汁制取最佳工艺参数为：加热脱臭温度70℃,护色vC用量0.03％,酶解pH 4.62,酶解温度50℃,酶解时间45min.在此条件下得到的大蒜清汁澄清度最高.同时冷冻澄清（-18℃）的方法得到的大蒜出汁率最高,澄清稳定性最好.     

杜仲叶、大蒜复合饮料的研制

以杜仲叶、大蒜为主要原料,添加适量的其它辅料,经过筛选配方和优化工艺,研制了杜仲叶大蒜复合饮料,并对其进行质量评价。结果表明:杜仲叶提取液、大蒜汁、白砂糖、柠檬酸的用量等因素对杜仲叶大蒜复合饮料的质量有较大影响。当以10%杜仲叶提取液、8%大蒜汁、15%白砂糖,0.25%柠檬酸为材料,可制得口感优良、风味独特、质量稳定、具有保健功能的杜仲叶大蒜复合饮料。     

大蒜与芦荟抑菌作用的比较研究

采用滤纸片法和液体稀释法对大蒜、芦荟原汁及其稀释液的抑菌作用进行研究,结果表明大蒜对3种供试菌的抑菌作用强于相应浓度的芦荟的抑菌作用。随稀释程度增强,芦荟和大蒜的抑菌力均减弱。     

几种常用植物性食物原料成分对大肠杆菌的抑菌作用研究

选用大蒜、洋葱、生姜、普通菜辣椒等4种不同的植物性食物原料,对其采用三种不同提取方法制得不同制剂,并进行适当复配制得复合制剂,以平板菌落计数法和抑菌圈法对大肠杆菌进行抑菌试验。结果表明,单一天然原料的各种制剂对大肠杆菌均有一定的抑菌作用,其中洋葱(直接榨取原液)∶大蒜(直接榨取原液)为1∶2及生姜(乙醇浸提原液)∶洋葱(直接榨取原液)∶大蒜(直接榨取原液)为2∶1∶1(均为体积比)的复合制剂抑菌效果最明显。     

药食两用珍品-大蒜

介绍了大蒜的功能成分、大蒜的食用方法及药用研究现状,进行了保存在不同温度下的蒜液对大肠杆菌的抑杀菌效果、对馒头的防腐保鲜试验,提出了今后大蒜产业的研究方向。     

Deodorization of Garlic Breath by Foods,and the Role of Polyphenol Oxidase and Phenolic Compounds

Garlic causes a strong garlic breath that may persist for almost a day. Therefore, it is important to study deodorization techniques for garlic breath. The volatiles responsible for garlic breath include diallyl disulfide, allyl mercaptan, allyl methyl disulfide, and allyl methyl sulfide. After eating garlic, water (control), raw, juiced or heated apple, raw or heated lettuce, raw or juiced mint leaves, or green tea were consumed immediately. The levels of the garlic volatiles on the breath were analyzed from 1 to 60 min by selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT‐MS). Garlic was also blended with water (control), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), rosemarinic acid, quercetin or catechin, and the volatiles in the headspace analyzed from 3 to 40 min by SIFT‐MS. Raw apple, raw lettuce, and mint leaves significantly decreased all of the garlic breath volatiles in vivo. The proposed mechanism is enzymatic deodorization where volatiles react with phenolic compounds. Apple juice and mint juice also had a deodorizing effect on most of the garlic volatiles but were generally not as effective as the raw food, probably because the juice had enzymatic activity but the phenolic compounds had already polymerized. Both heated apple and heated lettuce produced a significant reduction of diallyl disulfide and allyl mercaptan. The presence of phenolic compounds that react with the volatile compounds even in the absence of enzymes is the most likely mechanism. Green tea had no deodorizing effect on the garlic volatile compounds. Rosmarinic acid, catechin, quercetin, and PPO significantly decreased all garlic breath volatiles in vitro. Rosmarinic acid was the most effective at deodorization.     

Stability of Allicin in Garlic Juice

Stability of allicin in garlic juice was evaluated by gas chromatography (GC) and nonhealing HPLC. Allicin in garlic juice decreased to a nondetectable amount after 144 hr at 40°C. Because of heating effects, allicin, in GC analysis, was converted to 2-vinyl-[4H]-1,3-dithiin and 3-vinyl-[4H]-1,2-dithiin but not 3-vinyl-l,2-dithi-4-ene as reported by other investigators. Unheated garlic juice did not contain detectable amounts of 2-vinyl-[4H]-1,3-dithiin and 3-vinyl-[4H]-1,2-dithiin as shown by HPLC analysis.